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941.
942.
943.
雷达卫星SAR与防卫气象卫星SSM/I对渤海海冰的观测研究 总被引:11,自引:1,他引:11
用雷达卫星(RADARSAT)合成孔径雷达(SAR)和防卫气象卫星(DMSP)特别微波成像辐射计(SSM/I)在1999年1月23日同一天对中国渤海区域海冰的观测数据,进行了主动SAR与被动SSM/I的组合研究.用一层海冰电磁散射辐射的建模与数值模拟,分析了中纬度渤海沿岸海冰的特征性变化,提出用SSM/I辐射亮度温度的散射指数、极化指数、极化比率来识别渤海海冰;用RADARSAT高分辨率SAR数据(水平极化后向散射系数)对渤海海冰物理特征进行识别与分类.这些特征指数在时间与空间尺度上的相关变化可有效地应用于渤海海冰的监察. 相似文献
944.
南海北部1987年9月~1988年10月沉积物捕获器中颗粒物质和硅藻通量的季节性变化受到季风气候的控制.颗粒物质与硅藻在东北和西南季风盛行期增加,在季风转变期减少.浅层和深层的颗粒总通量、蛋白石通量、碳酸钙通量、蛋白石/颗粒总通量比值、碳酸钙/颗粒总通量比值、有机碳/磷的比值以及浅层硅藻Thalassionema nitzschioides、Coscinodiscus excentricus、Coscinodiscus nodulifer、Nitzschia marina和Rhizosolenia bergonii的通量在东北季风期间明显地增加了,这些变化可能与1987年~1988年发生的EINino事件相关. 相似文献
945.
946.
947.
1999年 7月~ 9月中国首次北极考察期间 ,研究了白令海 2个断面 8个站位海洋蓝细菌数量分布。蓝细菌数量变化在 0~ 7.93× 1 0 3 cell/ml之间 ,水平分布自南向北随纬度的增高而降低 ,在 6 0°N以北的 B1 - 1 2站没有检测到蓝细菌。垂直分布主要分布于 5 0 m以浅 ,最大值出现在B1 - 1站的 2 5 m水深。蓝细菌数量在 5 0 m以下迅速减少 ,到 1 5 0 m水深几乎没有。海水温度和NH+ 4 - N可能是影响蓝细菌数量分布的重要因素 相似文献
948.
根据我国首次北极科学考察所获 CTD资料 ,分析了白令海和楚科奇海的水文特征和水团结构。研究表明 :(1 )该两海域温、盐度的分布有着明显的区域性差异。楚科奇海的温、盐度普遍低于白令海。 (2 )夏季 ,白令海大部分水域温度垂直分布的突出特点是 :在 2 0 m和 2 5 0 m间存在温度低于 3°C的中层冷水。 (3 )在楚科奇海北纬 70°以北海域 ,不论是水温或盐度皆明显减小 ,从而在此区域形成强的温、盐度锋带。 (4)在白令海存在三种水团 ,而楚科奇海的水团则大致分为两类 相似文献
949.
Chuan-Chou Shen David W. Hastings Typhoon Lee Chin-Hsin Chiu Meng-Yang Lee Kuo-Yen Wei R. Lawrence Edwards 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2001,190(3-4):197-209
Glacial–interglacial variation in the marine Sr/Ca ratio has important implications for coral Sr thermometry [J.W. Beck et al., Science 257 (1992) 644–647]. A possible variation of 1–3% was proposed based on ocean models [H.M. Stoll and D.P. Schrag, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 62 (1998) 1107–1118]. Subsequently, studies have used fossil foraminifera to test this prediction [P.A. Martin et al., Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 1 (1999); H.M. Stoll et al., Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 63 (1999) 3535–3547; H. Elderfield et al., Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 1 (2000)]. But whether some component of foraminiferal Sr/Ca variation can be uniquely ascribed to seawater Sr variation is still not clear. To address this question, we developed cleaning and analysis techniques and measured Sr/Ca ratios on individual shells of the modern benthic foraminifer Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi. We showed that different size shells have different Sr/Ca ratios; however, samples with shell sizes of 355–500 μm appear to have normally distributed Sr/Ca ratios (1σ=1.8%). For multi-shell measurements (with estimated errors of 0.12–0.39%), the ratio varied by as much as 7.2±0.5% during the last glaciation for two Caribbean records at the same site and by 3.7±0.5% over the past 40,000 yr for one record from the Sierra Leone Rise in the eastern equatorial Atlantic. The two Caribbean records are very similar indicating that the behavior of shell Sr uptake was identical locally and that the shell Sr/Ca ratio faithfully reflects the local environment. The Atlantic record differs from the Caribbean records by as much as several percent. Thus, the foraminiferal Sr/Ca changes cannot be solely due to changes in seawater Sr/Ca unless the glacial deep ocean had spatial variation in Sr/Ca well in excess of the modern ocean. Certain similarities between the three records do exist. Notably, the rate of change of Sr/Ca is similar between 9 and 0 ka (−0.25%/kyr) and between 25 and 16 ka (+0.16%/kyr). This suggests that during these intervals, benthic foraminiferal Sr/Ca was affected by similar large-scale variables. One of these variables may be the average marine Sr/Ca ratio; however, comparison with model predictions [H.M. Stoll and D.P. Schrag, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 62 (1998) 1107–1118] suggests other factors must also be considered. The discrepancies between the two sites may be related to the different water mass histories for the Caribbean and eastern Atlantic. Our results suggest that variation of the seawater Sr budget only partially contributed to C. wuellerstorfi Sr/Ca records, while other significant factors still need to be quantified. At present we cannot confidently determine past seawater Sr/Ca variation from our foraminiferal records. 相似文献
950.
Katja Fennel 《Ocean Dynamics》2001,52(2):58-70
Elken et al. (1994) suggested that phytoplankton patchiness can be generated by mesoscale eddies in light-limited, nutrient-replete
environments. This hypothesis is explored using two ecological models of different physical complexity. The model results
support the idea that the coupling of mesoscale eddy circulation and phytoplankton growth leads to differential growth rates
and thus generates variability in phytoplankton distributions. The specific circulation of a cyclonic eddy isolates a phytoplankton
population in its core. Due to the reduced vertical mixing, a higher growth rate is supported in the core, and phytoplankton
concentrations increase compared to the surrounding environment. A one-dimensional model is used to explore the hypothesis
in general and to perform sensitivity studies. A more realistic simulation uses a coupled three- dimensional model for the
western Baltic Sea. Starting from vertically and horizontally homogeneous distributions for nutrients and plankton, the models
generate patchiness due to the proposed mechanism. The described mechanism may apply for other mesoscale variable environments
during light-limited growth periods as well, e.g., the frontal region of the Southern Ocean.
Received: 31 March 2001 / Accepted: 31 August 2001 相似文献