国家地震速报备份系统的部署与运行

国家地震速报备份系统是由中国地震局出资,在广东省地震台网中心建设的一套全自动地震速报系统.本文介绍了国家地震速报备份系统的职责、系统架构、主要功能模块、系统工作原理、部署情况与台网规模,分析了系统2009-2010年运行两年来的工作情况,并对系统自动产出的地震定位结果进行初步的统计与比较,对系统运行的总体效果给予了初步...     

Debris flow hazard mitigation: A simplified analytical model for the design of flexible barriers

A channelized debris flow is usually represented by a mixture of solid particles of various sizes and water flowing along a laterally confined inclined channel-shaped region to an unconfined area where it slows down and spreads out into a flat-shaped mass.The assessment of the mechanical behavior of protection structures upon impact with a flow, as well as the energy associated to it, are necessary for the proper design of such structures which, in densely populated areas, can prevent victims and limit the destructive effects of such a phenomenon.In the present paper, a simplified analysis of the mechanics of the impact of a debris flow is considered in order to estimate the forces that develop on the main structural elements of a deformable retention barrier.For this purpose, a simplified structural model of cable-like retention barriers has been developed – on basis of the equation of equilibrium of wires under large displacement conditions, – and the restraining forces, cable stresses and dissipated energies have been estimated.The results obtained from parametric analyses and full-scale tests have then been analysed and compared with the proposed model.     

一个储量可再生的石油地质模型

最新石油地质基础研究表明,目前正在开采的油气藏可能存在大规模的油气补充,以往勘探地质模型、开发地质模型、三次采油地质模型都没有考虑到储量可增长的因素,可能需要修正。建议国家有关部门设立专项研究,以期为油气勘探开发部署和后期调整提供可靠的地质依据。     

基于QFD的自动气象站运行质量测评

将质量功能展开(Quality Function Deployment,QFD)方法引入到自动气象站运行质量测评研究中,建立了观测员对自动气象站运行满意度测评质量功能展开模型,通过两个阶段的质量屋结构将观测员对自动气象站运行质量逐步展开为观测员所关注的具体细节,该模型不但可以帮助自动站设计人员、业务管理人员、技术保障人员及测报员直观了解自动气象站运行现状,而且为提高自动气象站运行质量指明了需要改进的技术和方法.     

火山岩气藏火山口多信息识别技术及应用

火山口的识别是火山岩气藏开发的热点和难点,虽然目前已有很多学者开展了研究工作,但因所用资料的局限,火山口识别结果的可靠性问题没有得到很好地解决。通过综合运用地震、测井、钻井取心、地质、气井生产动态资料,采用地震剖面形态特征分析、常规测井信息融合、构造岩浆流向分析和生产动态分析等多信息综合识别技术,研究了一套火山口有效识别方法。以松辽盆地南部火山岩气藏火山口为例,识别出长岭七个火山口,英台三个火山口,近火山口相的三口气井产液量证明近火山口相储层发育,物性好。这种多信息综合识别方法应用效果较好,解决了火山岩气藏井位部署的难题。     

Time-domain numerical simulation of ocean cable structures

This paper describes the numerical features of WHOI Cable, a computer program for analyzing the statics and dynamics of oceanographic cable structures. The governing equations include the effects of geometric and material nonlinearities, bending stiffness for seamless modeling of slack cables, and a model for the interaction of cable segments with the sea floor. The program uses the generalized-α time integration algorithm, adaptive time stepping, and adaptive spatial gridding to produce accurate, stable solutions for dynamic problems. The nonlinear solver uses adaptive relaxation to improve robustness for both static and dynamic problems. The program solves surface and subsurface single-point mooring problems, multi-leg and branched array systems, and towing and drifting problems. User specified forcing can include waves, currents, wind, and ship speed.     

Transient behavior of towed cable systems during ship turning maneuvers

The dynamic behavior of a towed cable system that results from the tow ship changing course from a straight-tow trajectory to one involving steady circular turning at a constant radius is examined. For large-radius ship turns, the vehicle trajectory and vehicle depth assumed, monotonically and exponentially, the large-radius steady-state turning solution of Chapman [Chapman, D.A., 1984. The towed cable behavior during ship turning manoeuvers. Ocean Engineering 11, 327–361]. For small-radius ship turns, the vehicle trajectory initially followed a corkscrew pattern with the vehicle depth oscillating about and eventually decaying to the steady-state turning solution of Chapman (1984). The change between monotonic and oscillatory behavior in the time history of the vehicle depth was well defined and offered an alternate measure to Chapman's (1984) critical radius for the transition point between large-radius and small-radius behavior. For steady circular turning in the presence of current, there was no longer a steady-state turning solution. Instead, the vehicle depth oscillated with amplitude that was a function of the ship-turning radius and the ship speed. The dynamics of a single 360° turn and a 180° U-turn are discussed in terms of the transients of the steady turning maneuver. For a single 360° large-radius ship turn, the behavior was marked by the vehicle dropping to the steady-state turning depth predicted by Chapman (1984) and then rising back to the initial, straight-tow equilibrium depth once the turn was completed. For small ship-turning radius, the vehicle dropped to a depth corresponding to the first trough of the oscillatory time series of the steady turning maneuver before returning to the straight-tow equilibrium depth once the turn was completed. For some ship-turning radii, this resulted in a maximum vehicle depth that was greater than the steady-state turning depth. For a 180° turn and ship-turning radius less than the length of the tow cable, the vehicle never reached the steady-state turning depth.     

CASS 8.0在绘制地质工作部署图坐标转换中应用

针对多金属矿勘探中测点坐标的批量生成过程步骤繁琐的问题,文中提出了一种利用CASS8.0直接生成1:1万高精度磁法勘探测点及1:1万激电中梯探测测点坐标的思路。通过利用现有地形地质图以及专业绘图软件CASS8.0在制图及坐标转换方面的优越性,直接生成可以应用于手持GPS测量仪的数据格式文件和绘制出可以用于野外找点的地形地质图,达到测绘坐标点在地图上快速导入导出的效果。在内蒙古自治区额济纳旗黑鹰山南区铅多金属矿普查项目的工作中,针对工区面积大,地形复杂,在工作部署中,需要布置探测点数量庞大,采用原始方法计算并人工将每个测点坐标输入手持GPS定位仪中的工作量大且极易出错,探测点点位不能根据实际地形合理规避危险区域或者障碍物（悬崖、峭壁等）等问题,通过利用黑鹰山南区铅多金属矿普查区地形地质图及CASS8.0绘图方面的优越性,批量对工作部署图中测点进行定位编号并调整,从CASS8.0导出坐标数据点并导入天宝R4 GPS手持定位仪中的方法,避免了人工输入数据出错的问题,合理规划了探测路线,提高工作效率,保障了工作人员的生命安全,该应用表明,此方法在工作部署图绘制中更加直观、方便,解决大面积比例尺工作部署图坐标导出导入问题,并且效率极高,在工作中取得了较好的效果。     

Parameters influence on maneuvered towed cable system dynamics

The dynamic response of a towed cable system to ship maneuver is parametrically simulated. Three dimensionless parameters influence on towed cable system maneuverability is investigated. They are ratio of total length to turning radius R/L, ratio of cable mass to vehicle mass σ, and ratio of mass unit length to hydrodynamic force w/r. An oscillatory motion of towed vehicle is found in simulation of spiral towed courses. Features of this oscillation in different spiral courses are compared. The sharp turns, gradual turns and their transient states of towed cable dynamics for different course directions are discussed extensively. According to the characters of transient states and horizontal trajectories evolution of maneuvered cable system, the dynamic behaviors can be divided into three situations in Fig. 8 turning maneuvers. The behavior of towed cable system during a zigzag turning course is simulated in the end. Two ingredients of heave motion are found during small ratio of turning radii to length in this course. The primary damp to initial turning becomes weak and the response to alternative turns plays a more and more important role. The damping properties of the transient behavior in different maneuvers show a periodical invariance to σ during some turning maneuvers.     

新疆祁漫塔格找矿远景区重要矿产整装勘查

新疆祁漫塔格地区成矿地质条件优越,找矿潜力巨大,是新疆十大重要找矿远景区之一。通过开展重要矿产资源整装勘查,有望在该区快速实现重大找矿突破。笔者首先简要阐述了本区地质矿产特征、以往工作程度和已取得的重要找矿进展,在此基础上,提出了实施矿产资源整装勘查部署的初步方案和预期取得的找矿成果,并从组织管理、运行机制、矿业权管理以及经费来源、队伍组织等多方面探讨了实现整装勘查的具体保障措施。