藓羽藻(Bryopsis hypnoides)核酮糖-1，5-二磷酸羧化酶／加氧酶的分离与活性测定

采用硫酸铵分部沉淀与凝胶过滤的方法，进行藓羽藻Rubisco的分离研究。结果表明，分离的藓羽藻Rubisco经SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测呈两条清晰条带，分别为Rubisco大亚基与小亚基；与菠菜相比，藓羽藻Rubisco大亚基分子量与菠菜基本相同，而小亚基较之稍大一些。藓羽藻Rubisco活力测定结果表明，Rubisco分离过程中用硫酸铵分部沉淀后活力降低许多，分离后活力有所上升，但仍比粗提液活力弱；在Rubisco活力测定过程中，藓羽藻Rubisco的活化温度与其它物种Rubisco活化的温度不同，在低温下活化效果较好。这些结果说明Rubisco的酶活力受硫酸铵的影响而且藓羽藻Rubisco相对陆地高等植物结构不稳定。     

Spectrophotometric determination of pH in seawater off Taiaroa Head,Otago, New Zealand: Full-spectrum modelling and prediction of pCO2 levels

Accurate measurement of seawater pH has long been sought by marine chemists (for example: [Dickson, A.G. 1993a. The measurement of sea water pH. Marine Chemistry, 44, 131–142, Dickson, A.G. 1993b. pH buffers for sea water media based on the total hydrogen ion concentration scale. Deep-Sea Research, 40, 107–118; Zhang, 1996; Tapp, M., Hunter, K.A., Currie, K. and Macaskill, B. 2000. Apparatus of continuous-flow underway spectrophotometric measurement of surface water pH. Marine Chemistry 72(2–4), 193–202; Friis, K., Koetzinger, A., Wallace, D.W.R. 2004. Spectrophotometric pH measurement in the ocean: Requirements, design and testing of an autonomous charge-coupled device detector system. Limnology and Oceanography: Methods 2, 126–136]. Recently, such attempts have taken on greater significance as anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions may create rapidly changing oceanic pH. Spectrophotometric techniques have been accepted generally as the best for determination of seawater pH. Here we report a new technique using thymol blue as the indicator dye and fitting the entire spectrum from 400 to 900 nm rather than measuring the absorbance values at only two or three points in the spectrum. This full-spectrum modelling enables a reduction in signal to noise over other techniques. In the laboratory, we find with seawater samples a pH precision increase of five-fold “within” a sample and seven-fold “between” samples when comparing the full spectrum to the three-point method of analysis [Zhang, H., Byrne, R.H. 1996. Spectrophotometric pH measurements of surface seawater at in-situ conditions: absorbance and protonation behaviour of thymol blue. Marine Chemistry 52, 17–25].     

A comparison of three marine ecosystems surrounding the Korean peninsula: Responses to climate change

This study uses a comparative approach to examine responses of marine ecosystems to climatic regime shifts. The three seas surrounding the Korean peninsula, the Japan/East Sea, the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea represent three contiguous but distinct ecosystems. Sampling has been carried out by the National Fisheries Research and Development Institute of South Korea since 1965, using the same methods in all three seas. Sampling was generally synoptic. Amplitude time series of 1st EOF modes for temperature, salinity, zooplankton biomass and concentrations of four major zooplankton taxa were used to determine whether the three marine ecosystems respond in a similar manner to climate variations. Temporal patterns of the variables were strongly similar among the three seas at decadal time scales, but very weakly similar at interannual scales. All three seas responded to a climatic regime shift that occurred in 1989. Temperature, zooplankton biomass and copepod concentrations increased in the late 1980s or early 1990s in all three seas. Concentrations of amphipods, chaetognaths and euphausiids also increased in the Japan/East Sea and the East China Sea, but not the Yellow Sea. The Yellow Sea ecosystem differs strongly from the other two seas, and water exchange between the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea is much weaker than that between the East China Sea and Japan/East Sea. Spatial patterns of zooplankton determined by the EOF analysis were closely related to currents and fronts in each of the three seas.     

GIS方法在南沙群岛海区海底灾害地质研究中的应用

采用GIS方法，对南沙群岛海区海底灾害地质进行空间叠加分析。利用模糊数学方法，对不同灾害地质因素赋予不同的模糊影响权值；运用模糊叠加模型，得到南沙群岛海区海底灾害地质综合评价图。与前人的研究工作进行对比的结果表明，GIS方法是进行海底灾害地质评价的一种有效方法。     

往复流中双向导向叶冲动透平模型性能试验研究

研制了 30 0双向自调导叶透平试验机组 ,安装在 10 0 0活塞式往复流透平试验台上 ,对两种叶轮方案和 6种不同喷咀、扩压器进行了不同活塞行程、不同周期和不同恒定输出电压下性能试验。试验结果表明在喷咀出口角α1=2 1 5°、扩压器入口角α2 =6 5 5°和α1=2 4°、α2 =6 3°组合最佳 ,最高效率达 5 3 3% ,而且在宽广流量系数范围内 ,特别是大流量系数范围内都有较高效率。大大优于常用对称翼透平。将上下游导叶固定 ,变成双向固定导叶透平。用No 1叶轮和 6种导叶出口角组合进行试验。表明最佳导叶出口角为 2 4°～ 30°,最高效率仍达 38 5 % ,比对称翼透平仍高许多     

Responses of CO2 in surface water in subtropical West Pacific to El Niño event

In order to investigate the relationships between the change of TCO2, △PCO2 and SST, current, upwelling and biological activities during El Nin(～)o event in the subtropical Pacific, the responses of TCO2 and △PCO2 in surface water in the subtropical Pacific during El Nin(～)o and La Nina have been simulated using a three-dimension carbon cycle model with biota pump. The results of numerical simulations show that TCO2 in sea water increases with reducing of SST during mature phase of El Nin(～)o in the subtropical West Pacific . At the same period , the Kuroshio in this region was weakened , the zonal currents were divergence , the upwelling carried the water with high concentrations of CO2 to the sea surface , so both of TCO2 and △PCO2 in surface water were increased . But TCO2 and △pCO2 were decreased during La Nina period. These simulated results confirmed the observations in 1982/1983 , 1986/1987 ,1991/1995 and 1997/1998 El Nin(～)o events .     

PLATEAU TYPE E(%)-pH CURVES OF INTERFACIAL EXCHANGE BETWEEN LIQUID AND SOLID IN SEAWATER

A study on the curves of the exchange ratio E(%)-pH on the liquid-solid interface of the systems Zn(II) with clay minerals (Kaolinite , illite and montmorillonite), Zn(II) with hydrous ferric oxides (amorphous ferric oxide, goethite and hematite). Zn(II) with hydrous manganese oxide (y-MnOOH, manganite and 5-MnO2) etc . in seawater resulted in the discovery of new plateau type exchange ratio ?%)-pH curves not yet reported in literature. The two factors that decide the growth , decline and the change of the " plateau type " curve are : (1) the inherent characteristics of systems , which can be explained by the exchange constants i(i=1 ,2 , 3 . etc .) of interfacial stepwise ion / coordination particle exchange between liquid and solid ; and (2)The theory of interfacial stepwise ion/coordination(the amount of solid exchange reagent)particle exchange in seawater was applied to explain the experimental results of the above study and a general formula was derived for the plateau type exchange ratio E(%)-pH c     

SAR图像点目标检测新方法

分析了2L-IHP目标检测算法,提出了一种基于幅度和相位信息的SAR图像目标检测方法,实现了SAR图像中人工目标的有效检测.     

风云卫星遥感数据高精度地理定位软件系统开发研究

为了适应风云气象卫星遥感数据高精度地理定位要求,在研究和比较分析现有环境气象卫星遥感数据地理定位方法,尤其对其中关键的轨道计算模型进行对比研究之后,我们使用变阶变步长多步卫星轨道数值计算模型(DE/DEABM)进行气象卫星轨道计算,研制开发了新一代卫星轨道计算及遥感数据地理定位软件系统.该软件系统中卫星轨道数值积分计算模型包含了多项摄动因素计算,特别是对低轨卫星影响较大的因素,其中地球的球形引力项使用了高精度高阶EGM-96地球引力场模型,提高了非球形引力摄动计算精度,另外还考虑了太阳、月亮引力项,辐射光压摄动和大气摄动因素,使得轨道计算精度大大提高.在遥感数据定位算法开发工作中,以中国2002年5月发射的风云1号D星10通道扫描辐射计和计划2008年上半年发射的风云3号A卫星中分辨率光谱成像仪等遥感仪器为对象,比较详细地分析和研究了探测器、焦平面、主光学系统和扫描镜等遥感仪器几大关键部件的光学几何关系,提高了坐标转换系统计算精度.经过对风云1号D星多天逐日的轨道计算和定位计算试验,结果表明该软件系统24h风云1号D星轨道计算卫星矢径精度可达到几十厘米至几十米,较原来平根数分析解方法1000m左右精度有显著量级的提高.同时,风云1号D星遥感数据地理定位精度达到星下点1个像元.     

神木北部矿区5-2煤层厚度及其底板高程趋势分析

为了查清神木北部矿区5-2煤层赋存特征及成因,选取了该矿区172个典型钻孔数据,用趋势分析法研究了5-2煤层的厚度及其底板高程度变化特征。结果显示:该区煤层厚度总体为南北厚中部薄,东厚西薄;底板高程为南北高中部低,东高西低;煤层厚度和其底板高程间普遍存在正相关关系。在该区构造稳定的背景下,后期改造对煤层厚度及其底板的影响很小,煤层赋存特征主要受沉积与剥蚀的控制。