提高《控制测量》课程教学效果的探讨

《控制测量》是高职院校工程测量技术专业的核心课,课程的理论知识与实践技能结合性强,不仅要求学生掌握控制测量的相关理论知识,还要掌握实用性很强的技能点,如GNSS静态控制测量、精密导线测量、精密水准测量和三角高程测量等。为了更好的教授该课程,结合多年的教学经验、学生学习及反馈情况,从教材与实训指导书选用、教学设计与教学内容改革、教学方法改革等方面进行探讨,并对课程教学效果的提高进行了反思总结,提出了提高教学效果的几点措施。     

导航工程专业最优估计课程教学改革与思考

为满足武汉大学测绘学院导航工程专业后续课程和导航技术发展需要,最优估计课程实施了理论与实践融合的教学改革.本论文首先介绍导航工程专业对最优估计课程的要求,接着分析了本课程的教学理念,然后探讨了课程内容优化、教材改进、教学方法和手段改革等一系列举措,最后对存在的问题进行思考并提出了改进方案.     

改革开放以来中国县改市地名中的专名更名问题及其建议

改革开放以来,我国75例县改市更改专名的历史经验是,应尽量维持地名稳定,能不改的尽量不要改,必须更改专名时,要严格执行相关法律法规的规定,新市名的命名要参考更名经验中得出的禁止性、建议性原则,原有政区专名存在问题的,应借区划调整之机加以改正。禁止性原则包括,全国范围内县市及以上政区不能同名、同音;不能以跨政区的地物、驻地以外的乡镇、捏造的历史政区和不稳定时期或破坏领土主权完整、民族团结的地名命名新市名。建议性原则包括,不以驻地为名;不要改掉重要的历史地名;不应出现单名市;不要叠加政区通名;以历史政区命名,应尽量与当时所代表的地域范围相吻合。新时期有序推动县改市应谨慎更名、科学命名。     

中国市县空间隶属关系的历史启示与改革优化

市管县体制确立以来,地级市成为了中国统县政区的主体。虽然统县政区与辖县的行政隶属关系明确,但现今存在的市县同城而治现象与少数民族自治州城市的管理模式,使一些市县的空间隶属关系不甚明晰,这很大程度上源于中国历史上长期存在的附郭县制度。中国传统的行政区划体系中,统县政区与辖县的空间隶属关系一直比较模糊,二者主要依靠附郭县建立起长效的空间联系。清末以后,附郭县被大量裁撤,随着城市型政区和市辖区兴起,传统的由附郭县管理城市的“城乡合治”模式走向“城乡分治”。20世纪,统县政区与辖县的空间隶属关系逐渐完成了历史演替,走向界线化、明确化的方向。新时期的行政区划改革,尤其是市县空间隶属关系的优化,应充分考量中国发展实际,重视中国政区发展的历史积淀过程。     

人工智能时代的测绘工程教育改革

人工智能技术发展至今,已掀起了第三次浪潮。人工智能时代的到来必将推动测绘工程教育的改革。本文从人工智能技术的发展历程出发,阐述了人工智能在测绘行业的应用现状和发展趋势,分析了人工智能对教育行业的影响,探讨了人工智能与高等教育相结合的应用前景。结合测绘工程高等教育的现状,分别从培养理念、知识结构、教学方法和创新能力4个方面构建了人工智能时代测绘工程专业的教育改革体系,为探索我国测绘工程高等教育同人工智能的深度融合提供理论参考和经验借鉴。     

1978-2018年中国旅游业发展的地理格局

Since the reform and opening-up policy launched in 1978,the number of inbound tourists increased from 1.8 million in 1978 to 139.5 million in 2017,and that of domestic tourists increased from 344 million in 1991 to 5 billion in 2017.This article conducts research on how the geographical pattern of China’s tourism has evolved in the last four decades on the national-scale and regional-scale,for rare studies before could focus on such an extended date and utilize inbound and domestic tourism data simultaneously.Grounded on viable datasets and multiple vibrant data analysis approaches(including the Gini coefficient,primacy index analysis,hot spot analysis and Pearson correlation analysis),this article unpacks triple vital realities.(1)The overall geographical pattern of China’s tourism development can arguably summarize as“high in the eastern and low in the western part,high in the southern and low in the northern part.”Meanwhile,China’s inbound tourism has long shown a pattern of polarized distribution;While,domestic tourism has experienced a shift from the polarized distribution to the equilibrium distribution.(2)According to the features and characteristics,China's tourism development can be divided into four stages.They are precisely the initial modern tourism stage(1978–1988),the domestic tourism cultivating stage(1989–1996),the rapid development stage(1997–2007)and the new normal stage(2008–present).(3)This article also identified multiple factors underlying the inbound and domestic tourism development in China,including policies,management systems,tourism demand,tourist attractions,economic level,consumption level,industrial development,investment status,traffic conditions,accommodation services,intermediary services and degree of openness.     

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Liberal Intergovernmentalism,Historical Institutionalism,and British and German perceptions of the EU's Common Fisheries Policy

The aim of this paper is to determine whether British and German sea fisheries policies have been shaped by domestic factors or by European Union (EU) institutions. To achieve this aim, British and German perceptions of the EU's Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) were compared using two alternative theories of EU integration: Moravscik's Liberal Intergovernmentalism and Pierson's Historical Institutionalism. The perceptions of three sets of respondents—fisheries scientists, fishers, and politicians—were investigated in each country to determine whether they saw the CFP as a means of attaining their own nation's domestic fisheries agenda (as Liberal Intergovernmentalism would argue), or as an institutional champion of European fisheries as a whole (as might be predicted by Historical Institutionalism). The article concludes that although there were elements of both theories evident in each country's perceptions, British perceptions were more strongly indicative of Historical Institutionalism than Liberal Intergovernmentalism, and German perceptions were more strongly indicative of Liberal Intergovernmentalism than Historical Institutionalism. This difference is exemplified in Britain's euroscepticism (which sees EU institutions as obstacles to British fisheries’ interests), and Germany's environmentalism (which sees EU institutions as synchronising with Germany's national priorities).     

关于地理信息系统专业核心课程设置的思考

地理信息系统专业核心课程设置是GIS专业教学改革面临的关键问题之一。本文提出了从GIS数据源、地理信息系统应用和服务域、GIS实现关键技术域等“三个着眼点”出发,立足主流商业化GIS软件平台及注重GIS软件工程实践等三个方面考虑GIS专业核心课程体系,并在此基础上,结合GIS专业课程体系改革实践,构建了一个GIS专业核心课程体系框架。该框架基本涵盖和反映了地理信息系统专业核心课程的面貌。     

GIS专业本科课程改革的几点思考

随着地理信息在国民经济、国防建设和人们日常生活中的应用越来越广泛,高校所培养的学生远远不能满足社会需求。由于各培养单位的教学水平、力量和能力不同,培养出的人才水平良莠不齐,很多单位培养的GIS人才不尽人意。本文根据GIS教育的特点,就GIS专业本科教育的课程体系、教学内容、技能培养提出了几点意见,供大家批评与深入讨论。