工业废铁链在煤矿特大动水条件下溃水灾害的应用

在牛儿庄矿特大溃水事故的治理中，利用工业废铁链作骨料，建立短距巷道堵水塞，并进行孔组并列式双液注浆技术，是治理煤矿突水事故的一项行之有效、经济合理的手段与方法，为综合治理水患提供了一条新的途径。     

青海省野马泉地区遥感找矿预测研究

以1/5万青海省野马泉地区图幅范围为研究区,利用TM遥感数据,针对研究区普遍存在的矿化蚀变现象,通过多种方法的对比分析后认为,“主成分分析＋比值”方法不仅能有效地抑制植被的干扰,而且还提取出与金属矿化有关的铁化蚀变异常。同时,结合地质矿产、物化探等资料的综合分析,圈定出了2处找矿靶区。经过野外实地查证,提取出的铁化蚀变异常与已知矿（床）化点十分吻合,而且还新发现了一处找矿线索。这为该区进一步的矿产勘查提供了有利的科学依据。     

江西宜黄县新源铁矿尾矿库稳定性分析

通过对江西宜黄县新源铁矿尾矿库的工程地质勘察,进行了钻孔揭示及大量钻孔原状土样的试验,对尾矿库作了稳定性分析,以便安排尾矿排放和采取安全营运措施。勘察结果认为,尾矿坝已运行多年,未见有塌陷和异常现象,质量应属良好,但尾矿坝坝顶标高已接近最终设计标高,有可能失稳。尾矿库稳定性及扩容的可行性必须经设计论证。并提出了各类沉积尾矿的物理力学参数建议值。     

电子探针定量分析测定FeO和Fe2O3含量常用方法的评定

直接测氧法测定矿物中FeO和Fe2O3含量，在其众多影响因素中，经测量不确定度评定发现，超轻元素氧的影响显著。一方面受电子探针仪器因素和基体校正精度的限制，氧的电子探针定量分析值的准确度很低；另一方面氧对FeO和Fe2O3含量的不确定度灵敏系数分别为8．981、9．981，将氧的测量不确定度再扩大近10倍。可见直接测氧法测定FeO和Fe2O3含量，仅因超轻元素氧的测量不确定度传递就会使其误差范围过大，效果不是很理想。而利用Fe的Lα、Lβ谱线强度比的价态效应推测矿物中FeO和Fe2O3含量，由于Lβ/Lα强度比与Fe^2＋／Fe^3＋比值之间关系曲线的确定，需要对矿物进行大量的系统性研究，甚至是否必然存在这种对应都还缺乏理论依据，可见此法也并不可靠。相对而言，常用的电价差值法和剩余氧计算法仍为优选方案。     

Potential effect of sedimentary iron-phosphorus accumulation on frequent algal bloom in the Pearl River Estuary

Based on laboratory culture of harmful alga on iron and phosphorus uptake, and the study of accu-mulation of iron-phosphorus in cores and release of iron and phosphorus from surficial sediments collected in the Pearl River Estuary, the reasons of the high frequency of phytoplankton bloom therein are discussed. The results show that Fe starvation can make algal growth rate slow down and the peak of cell number decrease. Fe and P contents in algal cell bear a significant correlation and the molar ratio of P:Fe is ~356:1, suggesting that algal uptake of Fe and P is synergistic. Total Fe and total P in sediments are positively correlated and Fe-P is the main species of inorganic sedimentary P. Through continuous leaching with agitation, 34.26%―80.21% of exchangeable P and 4.04%―22.52% of ex-changeable Fe are released from surficial sediments, implying that the accumulation of Fe-P in sedi-ments is available for providing nutrients (P and essential Fe) for the demand of phytoplankton bloom. These factors might be responsible for a higher frequency of red tides than other marine regions.     

Dislocation-mediated melting of iron and the temperature of the Earth's core

Summary . Dislocation theories of melting provide a possibility of calculating the melting temperature, from first principles, as the temperature at which the free energy of a crystal saturated with dislocations becomes equal to that of the dislocation-free crystal. After a brief review of the physical bases of the dislocation melting theories, Ninomiya's theory is used to determine the melting temperature as well as the volume and entropy of melting and the slope of the melting curve for iron at atmospheric pressure and under conditions prevailing at the Earth's inner core boundary. The necessary parameters (elastic moduli, Grüneisen parameter) are drawn from seismological earth models. We find a melting temperature of the material of the inner core of about 6150 K, independent of shock-wave experiments but in good agreement with them and with extrapolations using Lindemann's law. With usually accepted values of the melting point depression due to light elements in solution, the temperature at the inner core boundary is found to be T _ICB≅ 5000 K. This temperature is compatible with a temperature of the outer core at the core-mantle boundary T _CMB≅ 3800 K. Dislocation melting theories can thus help constrain the temperature profile in the Earth's core.     

新疆阿尔泰天德Ⅱ号铁矿床矿物学特征及其指示意义

铁建造（IFs）主要形成于前寒武纪,其不仅记录了丰富的岩石圈、大气圈、水圈和生物圈状态及演化的信息,而且也是世界上最重要的铁矿资源类型。最新研究发现,中国新疆阿尔泰地区产出有早古生代IFs,文章以天德Ⅱ号铁矿为典型矿床开展了深入的矿物学研究。天德Ⅱ号铁矿呈层状、似层状赋存于变质火山-沉积岩系中,IFs主要组成矿物为磁铁矿和石英,角闪石和石榴子石次之。此外,可见少量斜长石、黑云母、钛铁矿以及金红石等矿物。片岩中矿物组合与IF类似,但磁铁矿含量较低,而硅酸盐矿物含量较高。IFs和片岩中磁铁矿均较为纯净;角闪石属于镁角闪石-镁钙闪石,斜长石主要为中长石;黑云母为镁黑云母;ⅠFs中石榴子石主要属于铁铝榴石-锰铝榴石系列,与前寒武纪IFs矿物组合一致,这些矿物均为变质成因。据此,笔者推测天德Ⅱ号铁矿原始沉积物为无定形二氧化硅、碎屑物质、碳酸盐以及Fe(Ⅲ)-氢氧化物,其经历了角闪岩相变质作用,根据Grt-Bt地质温度计计算其变质温度为592～617℃,依据Hbl-Pl-Qtz地质压力计获得压力为3.06～3.23 kbar。结合前人研究,笔者认为天德Ⅱ号铁矿可能与前寒武纪阿尔戈马型IFs类似,早...