风传感器智能化接口研究

介绍了应用于大型海洋资料浮标FZF3—1系统上的智能风速、风向采集系统，论述了该系统的软、硬件的设计原理和性能以及在无人值守、自动采集浮标上的应用情况。     

Earth surface deformation analysis of 2005 Qeshm earthquake based on three-dimensional displacement field derived from radar imagery measurements

We derived the 3D vector displacement field due to the 5.9 Mw Qeshm island (Iran) earthquake using ascending and descending interferograms and azimuth offsets obtained from ENVISAT ASAR data. The pick-to-pick estimated displacement was 10 cm in west, 69 cm in south and 22 cm in vertical directions. We then used strain analysis to study coseismic surface deformation of the earthquake. Finite differences and finite element as two numerical solutions were applied in order to compute the strain tensors. Furthermore, dilation and shear parameters were derived using the strain tensors. Finite differences results showed the maximum expansion of 0.002 and maximum contraction of 0.003. The amounts of maximum shear in xy, xz and yz planes were estimated using finite differences method as 0.05, 0.1 and 0.049, respectively. The maximum expansion and contraction were computed as 0.006 and 0.005, respectively, using finite element approach. Moreover, the maximum shear in xy, xz and yz planes obtained by finite element method was 0.2, 0.4 and 0.19, respectively.     

一个计算山地地形参数的计算机模式

本文提出了一个虚拟次网格二维差分格式,依此建立了一个计算山地小地形参数(即局地平均坡向、坡度和地形遮蔽角)的通用计算机模式。模式的输入参数为研究地区的拔海高度网格化后的资料、空间格距和网格点数;模式的输出结果为每个格点上的坡向、坡度及沿任一方位上的地形遮蔽角以及一些地形统计值。由此,可较准确、客观地制作出研究山区的坡向、坡度图和地形遮蔽图。经实测验证,模式的计算值与实测值比较吻合。     

基于BISQ机制三维双相正交裂隙各向异性介质衰减及频散方位特性研究

对于复杂裂隙介质,双相各向异性介质模型更能真实地反映实际地层特征.本文基于BISQ机制推导了三维双相各向异性介质的频散方程,给出了用于确定相速度和逆品质因子的波数方程及其表达式,研究了固体骨架各向异性、固流耦合效应各向异性、渗透率各向异性对衰减及频散的影响,并对频散和衰减的方位特性进行了分析,为预测储层流体的存在、分布以及孔隙结构提供有力的理论依据,使得多方位储层地球物理参数联合反演具有可行性.     

Scanning anisotropy parameters in horizontal transversely isotropic media

The horizontal transversely isotropic model, with arbitrary symmetry axis orientation, is the simplest effective representative that explains the azimuthal behaviour of seismic data. Estimating the anisotropy parameters of this model is important in reservoir characterisation, specifically in terms of fracture delineation. We propose a travel‐time‐based approach to estimate the anellipticity parameter η and the symmetry axis azimuth ? of a horizontal transversely isotropic medium, given an inhomogeneous elliptic background model (which might be obtained from velocity analysis and well velocities). This is accomplished through a Taylor's series expansion of the travel‐time solution (of the eikonal equation) as a function of parameter η and azimuth angle ?. The accuracy of the travel time expansion is enhanced by the use of Shanks transform. This results in an accurate approximation of the solution of the non‐linear eikonal equation and provides a mechanism to scan simultaneously for the best fitting effective parameters η and ?, without the need for repetitive modelling of travel times. The analysis of the travel time sensitivity to parameters η and ? reveals that travel times are more sensitive to η than to the symmetry axis azimuth ?. Thus, η is better constrained from travel times than the azimuth. Moreover, the two‐parameter scan in the homogeneous case shows that errors in the background model affect the estimation of η and ? differently. While a gradual increase in errors in the background model leads to increasing errors in η, inaccuracies in ?, on the other hand, depend on the background model errors. We also propose a layer‐stripping method valid for a stack of arbitrary oriented symmetry axis horizontal transversely isotropic layers to convert the effective parameters to the interval layer values.     

任意空间取向TI介质中体波速度特征分析

基于任意空间取向TI介质(简称ATI)中体波速度和偏振解析解,通过模型数值计算给出ATI介质中体波群速度和相速度的变化特征,说明TI空间取向与测线方位对速度的影响。研究表明,体波群速度图案和相速度图案相对TI对称轴固定,随TI对称轴倾角及其相对测线方位角的变化呈现出一定的对称性和重复性;可以针对ATI地区的地质情况,给出体波群速度和相速度变化图案,为进一步的理论研究提供便捷。此结果也可以直接用于VSP(垂直地震剖面)和井间地震资料的分析研究     

MT剖面透视新方法与托来6．0级地震

在近10余年观测研究的基础上，采用高精度MMSO2E系统，在青藏高原北缘祁连山地震危险区，建立了国内外第一个初具规模的MT透视剖面，研究区不仅电磁干扰背景较弱，而且地震活动性较强，自1986年以来，我们已经获得了11次5－7级地震前后的宝贵资料，在研究这些资料的基础上，提出了一些有意义的认识和结论，对观测资料进行了全定量化的误差分析，评估了MT响应参数和复合二元相关度和可信限，论述了MT剖面透视资料的可靠性和可信性，对介质导电性和电性横向非均匀性动态变化的原因进行了讨论，研究表明，MT剖面透社为大陆坡坏地性地震的中短期预测及震源物理发展过程提供了定量化的多参数指标体系。     

复合Simpson公式在线路中边桩坐标计算中的应用

基于线路线任一点切线方位角计算通式，推出了线路中边桩坐标计算的积分通用公式；借助于复合Simpson公式，给出了线路中边桩坐标计算的通用数值模型，并详细讨论了积分区间等分数n的取值问题。通用模型的建立，为线路中边桩的极坐标设法奠定了坚实的基础。     

基于BS-MUSIC的定向钻孔雷达三维成像算法

定向钻孔雷达由位于井中的一个发射天线和分布于圆环上的呈等角度分布的四个接收天线组成,能确定井旁地质目标的深度和方位.然而,目标方位确定和三维成像的算法问题一直是该技术面临的挑战.本文将空间谱估计中的BS-MUSIC算法应用于定向钻孔雷达目标方位识别算法中,在此基础上提出并实现了利用四个接收天线的信号对井周地质体进行三维空间成像的算法.使用合成数据对以上算法的效果进行验证,并和通常的MUSIC算法进行比较,结果表明,MUSIC算法和基于波束空间的MUSIC算法均可以在方位确定和三维成像方面取得非常好的效果,但计算速度方面,BS-MUSIC算法相比于MUSIC算法有了非常明显的提升.     

Study on Azimuth Variation of Airgun Signal Propagation

Based on the data recorded by the observation network during the intensive excitation period from November to December 2015 at Binchuan Earthquake Signal Transmitting Seismic Station (BESTSS) in Yunnan Province,the noise in waveform recording is removed by S-transform template filtering method,and the azimuth of airgun signal propagation is calculated and analyzed from the horizontal waveform recordings. The results show that:① the azimuth angle of airgun signal after propagation is sensitive to stress change,and can clearly reflect the diurnal variation of tidal stress,which can be used to monitor the change of stress state in crustal medium;② the azimuth angle of airgun signal in some stations has changed abruptly after propagation on December 4,which may be related to the change of airgun source;③ five-shot superposition or fivepoint smoothing of azimuth angle of single shot are carried out for airgun signals in stations far away from epicenter,and results show that azimuth angle from superposition or smoothing is more stable and has clear diurnal variation characteristics after propagation.