The dynamical environment of Dawn at Vesta

Dawn is the first NASA mission to operate in the vicinity of the two most massive asteroids in the main belt, Ceres and Vesta. This double-rendezvous mission is enabled by the use of low-thrust solar electric propulsion. Dawn will arrive at Vesta in 2011 and will operate in its vicinity for approximately one year. Vesta's mass and non-spherical shape, coupled with its rotational period, presents very interesting challenges to a spacecraft that depends principally upon low-thrust propulsion for trajectory-changing maneuvers. The details of Vesta's high-order gravitational terms will not be determined until after Dawn's arrival at Vesta, but it is clear that their effect on Dawn operations creates the most complex operational environment for a NASA mission to date. Gravitational perturbations give rise to oscillations in Dawn's orbital radius, and it is found that trapping of the spacecraft is possible near the 1:1 resonance between Dawn's orbital period and Vesta's rotational period, located approximately between 520 and 580 km orbital radius. This resonant trapping can be escaped by thrusting at the appropriate orbital phase. Having passed through the 1:1 resonance, gravitational perturbations ultimately limit the minimum radius for low-altitude operations to about 400 km, in order to safely prevent surface impact. The lowest practical orbit is desirable in order to maximize signal-to-noise and spatial resolution of the Gamma-Ray and Neutron Detector and to provide the highest spatial resolution observations by Dawn's Framing Camera and Visible InfraRed mapping spectrometer. Dawn dynamical behavior is modeled in the context of a wide range of Vesta gravity models. Many of these models are distinguishable during Dawn's High Altitude Mapping Orbit and the remainder are resolved during Dawn's Low Altitude Mapping Orbit, providing insight into Vesta's interior structure. Ultimately, the dynamics of Dawn at Vesta identifies issues to be explored in the planning of future EP missions operating in close proximity to larger asteroids.     

Cost Attribution in Unlimited Access Transit Programs: Case Study on the UConn Prepaid Fare Program Failure

Using a case study approach, this article explores the potential to increase public transit ridership via the expansion of Unlimited Access (UA) from a university‐ or employer‐based program to a community‐based program. UA partners universities or employers with regional transit organizations to provide free or discounted public transit service to students as well as employees and, potentially, to local community residents. A case study on the only known UA program failure highlights the importance of equitable cost attribution as well as stakeholder coordination and dedicated operations funds to the long‐term success of community‐based UA programs.     

中国地震前兆台网观测曲线动态展示

为了使对地震前兆信息的分析过程更加方便,使用JavaScript语言编制地震曲线图网页,所有网页均由C#程序自动生成,程序连接数据库,每30分钟自动搜索数据更新情况,实时对数据进行更新、绘图.网页包含了所有台站的前兆数据,并且将数据进行分类,在单击台站分布图上的台站热点时,该台站的近期前兆观测曲线图将以网页形式展现出来.同时,每个台站的各个观测分量值也以列表形式排列在台站分布图的下方,其中包含了该分量最近1天、2天、1周、2周、1月的观测曲线,以及近一个月的观测数据的下载.当用户鼠标置于曲线图的任意点上时,可显示出该点对应的坐标值.并且所有曲线图网页均可以保存到本地使用.     

银参4井钻井设计与施工

银参4井是中石化在银川地区的第一口参数井,设计井深为4300 m,完钻井深4124.23 m,钻探目的是了解银川盆地地层层序及清水营组烃源岩发育情况。针对该井在钻井过程中存在的上部地层胶结疏松易垮塌、干河沟组在砾石层易憋跳钻、清水营组地层流体侵入污染泥浆、钻遇到大段未预知的盐膏层、清水岩组泥岩存在裂缝导致钻井液漏失等复杂情况,在设计井身结构、优选水力参数时考虑了已经预知的潜在复杂因素,施工时全井大段采用直螺杆加防斜钻具组合大排量轻压吊打,有效防止了憋跳钻,避免了钻具事故,取得了较高的钻井速度,控制了良好的井身质量,探索了适用该区盐膏层段的钻井液体系,并且创造了该区块饱444.5 mm钻头机械钻速最高纪录（39.09 m/h）。     

利用AUTOLISP编程进行房产图尺寸标注

房产测绘中,房产图尺寸标注是一项工作量很大的重复性工作。介绍了一个应用Autolisp语言开发的尺寸标注程序,提高了工作效率,而且能避免错误。     

我国Argo浮标的设计与研究

自沉浮式剖面探测浮标是一种海洋观测平台,首先应用在国际Argo计划,故又称之为Argo浮标,专用于海洋次表层温、盐、深剖面测量。仪器布放后自行在大海中工作2a以上,直至电源耗尽;2004年11月8日实验的Argo浮标潜入深度已达到1900m,历时两年的浮标研究工作,在下潜深度、上浮水面、剖面测量、数据处理、卫星传递数据等功能上已经达到国际Argo组织的要求。文章详细阐述了剖面浮标的设计与研制内容和各种试验项目及所得数据,不仅为浮标设计提供科学的实测数据,还为今后该仪器产品化进程提供大量可靠依据和检测方法。     

"三峡工程蓄水后地震环境影响及灾害预警研究"项目成果介绍

本文详细介绍了“三峡工程蓄水后地震环境影响及灾害预警研究”项目的立项背景、目标、所开展的主要工作、取得的成果、研究成果的社会效益和对该领域研究未来工作的展望。     

用断层擦痕解析断层应力场的方法及计算机处理

断层面上的断层擦痕与形成断层的主应力有一定的空间几何关系 ,据断层的产状、性质 ,断层面上断层擦痕方位 ,可以定量解析断层应力场。通过编制计算机程序 ,使数据处理自动完成。经计算机处理后得出桂林市西侧的灵川—永福断裂带的应力场有 3期或幕。     

The Mechanism of the 20°C Isotherm Depth Oscillations for the Bay of Bengal

The monthly variation of thermocline depth in terms of 20°C isotherm depth (Z20) in the Bay of Bengal has been studied using SODA and ARGO datasets. During a southwest monsoon, the Bay of Bengal is deepest in the western basin and shallowest in the eastern basin while it is the opposite during northeast monsoon. The Z20 oscillation is not only affected by semiannual reversing wind forcing but also influenced by coastal Kelvin waves from the eastern coast and remote effect from the Northern Indian Ocean and Malacca Strait. A linear relationship between SSHA and Z20 has been found from both SODA and observational studies.     

台风“苏力”(2013)期间海洋上层温、盐及海平面异常变化特征

台风"苏力"是2013年最强的台风之一。本文利用再分析资料、卫星遥感资料及ARGO浮标数据等分析了台风过境所引起的海表面温度(SST)、海表面高度异常(SLA)以及海洋次表层温、盐的变化规律,给出了上层海洋对台风响应的基本特征。台风所经过的海域都存在着明显的降温,在冷涡区域引起了6~7℃的海表温度的冷却,降温区域集中在路径的右侧。台风造成SLA降低,最大为20cm左右。海表温度的变化滞后于海面高度的变化。ARGO浮标数据显示,台风引起了海面的显著降温,最大降温幅度为5℃,位于冷涡内,且位于路径的右侧。路径左侧的SST的降低相对较小,为1.5~2.5℃。台风的扰动导致次表层水涌升到表层,改变了表层的盐度和密度,引起混合层加深。