九龙江口红树林对汞的循环和净化作用

红树林是存在于海陆交汇处的生态系统,其间大量的凋落物中有一部分仍留在群落内,再加上上游有机物的输入,使得红树林沼泽形成高腐殖质的还原环境,沉积物中的总汞含量和有机质含量呈正相关[1],而大量的硫化氢又易与汞形成难于溶解的硫化汞,因而红树林区有可能是潜在的重金属富集区[2].本文对我国几个红树林区的汞本底值进行调查,研究汞在九龙江口秋茄群落的分布、迁移积累的途经,以及红树林对河口区汞循环的影响,并探讨红树林对汞污染净化作用的途经.     

渤海湾砷的研究

渤海湾是个半封闭型的海湾。它三面环陆，东临渤海，周围入湾的河流有滦河、蓟运河、永定新河、海河、独流碱河和黄河等。     

高光谱遥感数据管理系统原型设计

简述了高光谱遥感技术发展概况,并从高光谱数据获取、数据处理和数据共享等3个方面的需求出发,提出了高光谱遥感数据管理系统建设的必要性;在系统建设需求分析的基础上,完成了高光谱遥感数据管理系统的结构与功能设计,并给出了系统开发流程和功能模块开发的设想.     

海洋高光谱遥感研究进展

海洋遥感是２０世纪后期海洋科学取得重大进展的关键技术之一。所谓海洋遥感就是利用电磁波与大气和海洋的相互作用原理 ,从各种平台观测和研究海洋的一项技术［１］。海洋遥感具有观测周期短 ,时间频率高的优势 ,可实现大面积、实时、同步、连续而密集的海洋探测 ,较好地适应了海洋各种现象和过程的特点。随着光电子技术和计算机技术水平的提高 ,遥感传感器的技术性能不断提高。高光谱遥感(Ｈｙｐｅｒｓｐｅｃｔｒａｌｒｅｍｏｔｅｓｅｎｓｉｎｇ)是当前遥感技术的前沿领域 ,它是指利用很多很窄的电磁波波段从感兴趣的物体获得有关数据 ［…     

秋季黄海中南部鱼类群落对饵料生物的摄食量

研究鱼类与饵料生物之间食物定量关系进而为多鱼种资源评估提供依据,2000~2002年秋季(10~11月)在黄海中南部海域进行了定点底拖网调查,应用Eggers模型,计算了带鱼(Trichiurus lepturus)、小黄鱼(Pseudosciaena polyactis)、黄(Lophius litulon)、细纹狮子鱼(Liparis tanakae)等23种鱼类在秋季对饵料生物的摄食量。结果表明:黄海中南部23种鱼类在秋季对饵料生物的总摄食量约为309万t,其中,鱼(Engraulis japonicus)的摄食量最高(在250万t以上),占总摄食量的80.9%。中上层和底层鱼类对饵料生物的摄食量分别为262万t和47万t左右,占总摄食量的84.7%和15.3%,鱼和细纹狮子鱼分别是中上层和底层鱼类中最主要的捕食者。磷虾类是中上层鱼类最主要的食物来源,其次是桡足类、端足类和毛颚类;虾类和鱼类是底层鱼类最主要的食物来源,其次是磷虾类。太平洋磷虾(Euphausia pacifica)、中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)、细长脚虫戎(Themisto gracilipes)、脊腹褐虾(Crangon affinis)和鱼同时是黄海中南部被摄食量最高的5种饵料生物,它们被摄食的生物量之和约为233万t,占总摄食量的75.5%。     

高精度实验室盐度计测量结果的不确定度分析

为了使高精度实验室盐度计的检定、校准工作更加科学、准确、合理,在此对高精度实验室盐度计验收过程进行分析,然后根据数据处理规则和JJF1059-1999《测量不确定度评定与表示》,对测量结果的不确定度进行了详细的分析和评定。     

Effects of tributyltin at environmental levels on monooxygenase system of digestive gland in hard clam Meretrix meretrix

The effects on ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase （EROD）, NADPH-cytochrome c reductase and NADH cytochrorne b5 reductase activities of digestive gland in Meretrix meretrix exposed to tributyltin （TBT） at environmental levels （0.1,1.0,10.0 ng/dm as stannum concentration）,in experimental condition, were evaluated. The EROD, NADH cytochrorne b5 reductase activities were significantly inhibited after exposure to 10.0 ng/dm^3 TBT for 8 and 20 d, the NADPH cytochrorne c reductase activities were significantly inhibited after exposure to 0.1,1.0 and 10.0 ng/dm TBT for 8 d and to 1.0 and 10.0 ng/dm for 20 d, as compared with the matched control, while NADH cytochrorne b5 reductases and NADPH cytochrome c reductase activities were induced after exposure to 10.0 ng/dm^3 TBT for 2 d. The EROD activity in the 10 ng/dm^3 group,and the NADH cytochrome b5 reductases activities in 1.0 and 10.0 ng/dm groups, were significantly induced when transferred to clean recovery tanks for 7 d. The three enzymic activities in the clams exposed to TBT were recovered to the level corresponding to that of the control group after transfer to clean recovery tanks for 20 d. NADPH cytochrome c reductase activity in Meretrix meretrix seems to be more sensitive to exposure of TBT than that of the EROD and NADH cytochrome b5 reductases. The results suggest that induction and inhibition by TBT to the monooxygenase system enzymic activity in Meretrix meretrix would simultaneously exist. The enzymic activities were inhibited by exposure for a long time. The results suggest that inhibition of the monooxygenase system should be an indication of the exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of TBT for a long time.