武陵山片区自我发展能力测算及时空演变分析——基于2005、2008和2011年县级数据的实证

连片特困区的贫困是特殊的区域性贫困,减贫与发展的关键在于形成区域自我发展能力。了解连片特困区自我发展能力的现状、制约因素和时空演变规律就显得十分重要。本研究基于中观的视角,将区域自我发展能力理解为产业能力、市场能力、空间能力和软实力四个维度耦合的复杂系统,通过构建多指标综合测算方法,测算了连片特困区的典型代表武陵山片区2005、2008 和2011 年各县市的自我发展能力,并对其时空演变特征与趋势进行了分析。结果表明：① 武陵山片区自我发展能力整体偏低且发展不平衡;② 空间能力和软实力是制约武陵山片区自我发展能力提升的两块短板;③ 2005-2011 年间,武陵山片区自我发展能力各维度间的一致性逐渐增强,自我发展能力内部结构更为合理;④ 武陵山片区自我发展能力空间上呈“东南部相对下降,北部整体上升”的趋势,并且产业能力、市场能力、空间能力和软实力均有自身明显的演变趋势。     

造山动力学定量研究--理论与方法

造山动力学定量研究近10年来取得了重要进展,形成了较完整的理论技术体系,并获得了大量有说服力的实例分析结果,成为当前大陆变形研究的热点之一。造山动力学定量研究采用数值方法求解控制方程,获得造山带演化动态过程的图像,了解不同因素对该过程的影响作用,从力学解析的角度确定造山动力学模型的合理性。研究造山演化过程需要耦合固体力学、流体力学和热力学方程进行描述。造山演化过程中发生的强烈大位移、大应变（几何非线性）使得数值求解过程更复杂。对于强烈大应变可能需要采用重分网格技术。断裂的发生、运动与变形涉及岩石破裂准则与内部边界处理。同时,还必须综合分析地表剥蚀与沉积、重力均衡等作用。     

框架剪力墙结构模态静力非线性抗震分析方法研究

本文在模态pushover分析方法基础上推导建立了模态静力非线性分析方法,对一栋10层框架剪力墙结构进行了静力非线性分析,提出了目标位移求解的等效单自由度体系弹塑性时程分析迭代法,计算结果与相应时程分析结果进行了比较,表明两者吻合较好,验证了本文计算方法的有效性。另外,对同一结构,计算分析了在不同水平荷载模式下的静力非线性分析结果,比较不同荷载模式对计算结果的影响,为静力非线性分析方法的推广使用提供参考。     

A nonlinear coupled soil moisture-vegetation model

Based on the physical analysis that the soil moisture and vegetation depend mainly on the precipitation and evaporation as well as the growth, decay and consumption of vegetation a nonlinear dynamic coupled system of soil moisture-vegetation is established. Using this model, the stabilities of the steady states of vegetation are analyzed. This paper focuses on the research of the vegetation catastrophe point which represents the transition between aridness and wetness to a great extent. It is shown that the catastrophe point of steady states of vegetation depends mainly on the rainfall P and saturation value v0, which is selected to balance the growth and decay of vegetation. In addition, when the consumption of vegetation remains constant, the analytic solution of the vegetation equation is obtained.     

Nonlinear oscillations of semigeostrophic Eady waves in the presence of diffusivity

Analyses are performed to examine the physical processes involved in nonlinear oscillations of Eady baxoclinic waves obtained from viscous semigeostrophic models with two types of boundary conditions (free-slip and non-slip). By comparing with previous studies for the case of the free-slip boundary condition, it is shown that the nonlinear oscillations are produced mainly by the interaction between the baroclinic wave and zonal-mean state (total zonal-mean flow velocity and buoyancy stratification) but the timescale of the nonlinear oscillations is largely controlled by the diffusivity. When the boundary condition is non-slip, the nonlinear oscillations are further damped and slowed by the diffusive process. Since the free-slip (non-slip) boundary condition is the zero drag (infinite drag) limit of the more realistic drag boundary condition,the nonlinear oscillations obtained with the two types of boundary conditions are two extremes for more realistic nonlinear oscillations.     

全球扰动的结构、演变及其球面Rossby波包表示

利用按谱函数展开的方法,计算和分析了正压球面Rossby波的连续谱和离散谱的波包结构、演变和传播特征,发现无论是结构、演变还是传播,连续谱波包和离散谱波包都很不相同.连续谱波包的传播速度不仅大小而且方向都随纬度变化;离散谱波包的传播速度只有大小随纬度变化,其方向在任何纬度上都是向西的.连续谱的波包和离散谱的波包在初始时刻虽然都表现为子午圈上不规则的波动,但随着时间的增加,二者的变化规律不同,连续谱的波包具有局部特征,主要表现在两个半球的中高纬地区,且随时间振幅迅速衰减;而离散谱的波包具有全球性质.将二者与整个扰动波包进行比较,发现:在中高纬度地区,连续谱波包的结构与扰动波包的结构相似,而在赤道地区,离散谱的波包与扰动波包相似.     

A study on the seismic behavior of a retrofitted building based on nonlinear static and dynamic analyses

This study describes the seismic performance of an existing five storey reinforced concrete building which represents the typical properties of low-rise non-ductile buildings in Turkey. The effectiveness of shear walls and the steel bracings in retrofitting the building was examined through nonlinear static and dynamic analyses. By using the nonlinear static analysis, retrofitted buildings seismic performances under lateral seismic load were compared with each other. Moreover, the performance points and response levels of the existing and retrofitting cases were determined by way of the capacity-spectrum method described in ATC-40 (1996). For the nonlinear dynamic analysis the records were selected torepresent wide ranges of duration and frequency content. Considering the change in the stiffness and the energy dissipation capacities, the performance of the existing and retrofitted buildings were evaluated in terms of story drifts and damage states. It was found that each earthquake record exhibited its own peculiarities, dictated by frequency content, duration, sequence of peaks and their amplitude. The seismic performance of retrofitted buildings resulted in lower displacements and higher energy dissipation capacity depending mainly on the properties of the ground motions and the retrofitting strategies. Moreover, severe structural damage (irreparable or collapse) was observed for the existing building. However, buildings with retrofit alternatives exhibited lower damage levels changing from no damage to irreparable damage states.     

记辽西晚中生代义县组一可能的具尾综骨的长尾鸟类

发现于辽宁省西部 ,北票市尖山沟地区晚中生代义县组的不完整但是具有明显尾综骨的一串尾椎 ,可能代表一新的鸟类。该串尾椎的最后 5个椎体愈合成明显的尾综骨 ,但尾椎椎体及其前后加宽的神经棘之间的缝合线可以辨认出。前部至少保留 12个自由尾椎体。前部自由尾椎的前后关节面     

Zr4+和Hf4+在水合氧化铁上的吸附及其分异的实验研究

本文研究了4价阳离子Zr、Hf在水合氧化铁(HFO)上的吸附及其在胶体/溶液界面的分异行为。研究结果表明:等价元素Zr、Hf在HFO上的吸附是非线性的,在吸附和共沉淀过程中二者发生了分异,Zr的吸附能力要大于Hf;pH<6时,固相中Zr/Hf比值随pH的升高迅速降低,而在天然水体pH范围内(pH≥6     

兖州矿区立井井筒非采动破裂的非线性预测与判别方法

厚冲积层立井井筒非采动破裂工程地质灾害是人类工程与自然环境相互作用的结果,该灾害的发生给煤矿造成巨大的经济损失,本文采用神经网络及模糊神经网络的方法对立井井筒破裂进行了预测与判别,预测与判别的结果表明,采用神经网络与模糊神经网络方法能够很好适用于立井井筒破裂的预测与判别,准确性高,能够满足实际应用的需要。