第八届中国图书奖 第七届全国优秀科技图书二等奖 《中国东部煤田推覆滑脱构造与找煤研究》

作者：王文杰、王信等 责任编辑：翁立平 出版发行：中国矿业大学出版社     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987110000071

<正>The lithospheric structure of China and its adjacent area is very complex and is marked by several prominent characteristics.Firstly,China's continental crust is thick in the west but thins to the east,and thick in the south but thins to the north.Secondly,the continental crust of the Qinghai—Tibet Plateau has an average thickness of 60—65 km with a maximum thickness of 80 km,whereas in eastern China the average thickness is 30—35 km,with a minimum thickness of only 5 km in the center of the South China Sea.The average thickness of continental crust in China is 47.6 km,which greatly exceeds the global average thickness of 39.2 km.Thirdly,as with the crust,the lithosphere of China and its adjacent areas shows a general pattern of thicker in the west and south,and thinner in the east and north.The lithosphere of the Qinghai—Tibet Plateau and northwestern China has an average thickness of 165 km, with a maximum thickness of 180—200 km in the central and eastern parts of the Tarim Basin,Pamir, and Changdu areas.In contrast,the vast areas to the east of the Da Hinggan Ling—Taihang—Wuling Mountains,including the marginal seas,are characterized by lithospheric thicknesses of only 50—85 km.Fourthly,in western China the lithosphere and asthenosphere behave as a "layered structure", reflecting their dynamic background of plate collision and convergence.The lithosphere and asthenosphere in eastern China display a "block mosaic structure",where the lithosphere is thin and the asthenosphere is very thick,a pattern reflecting the consequences of crustal extension and an upsurge of asthenospheric materials.The latter is responsible for a huge low velocity anomaly at a depth of 85—250 km beneath East Asia and the western Pacific Ocean.Finally,in China there is an age structure of "older in the upper layers and younger in the lower layers" between both the upper and lower crusts and between the crust and the lithospheric mantle.     

高新技术产业开发区创新生态系统韧性的内涵及测度——以湖南省为例

高新区创新生态系统作为一个动态、开放的复杂系统,在发展过程中会遇到各种风险,如何有效应对外部冲击与扰动,保持系统稳定性、可持续性,成为高新区发展面临的现实问题。文章引入韧性理念,探讨了高新区创新生态系统韧性的内涵、特征,运用适应性循环理论分析其演化过程,从抵抗力、吸收力、恢复力和转型力4个维度构建其测度指标体系。并运用TOPSIS方法,以湖南省46家高新区为研究对象,对其创新生态系统韧性水平、时空格局特征进行了实证分析。研究发现：1）高新区创新生态系统韧性是系统受到扰动后,维持原有特性、原有功能和进一步成长的能力,具有复杂性、动态演化性、尺度关联性和可调节性等特征。2）高新区创新生态系统韧性在内外部环境的作用下不断演化,呈现出开发、存储、释放、更新4个阶段,并与所在城市、区域以及内部企业共同作用,构成多尺度嵌套的自适应循环。3) 2012―2020年湖南省高新区创新生态系统韧性水平不断提升,应对扰动的能力持续增强,但整体水平仍然不高,从各维度指标看,转型力增长幅度最为明显,其次是吸收力和抵抗力,恢复力增长幅度最小,成为系统整体韧性提升的短板;空间格局上,呈现明显的空间分异现象,韧性较高...     

内蒙古国土资源厅与沈阳地质调查中心共同开展自治区东部地区基础地质和矿产调查评价工作

<正>不久前,内蒙古自治区国土资源厅与中国地质调查局沈阳地质调查中心就进一步加快内蒙古自治区东部地区基础地质和矿产调查评价工作和落实省部合作事宜举行了座谈,并就有关事项达成共识。双方拟定采取省部合作、共同出资的方式,将于今年组成工作组进一步查清内蒙古东部地区基础地质和矿产调查评价工程程度,开展对已完成项目的评估工作,优选出重点找矿远景区和集中勘查区等有利的成矿区带,并提出双方合作部署项目方案,完成在成矿带有利区带新立项目、     

青海省首次发现大面积富锗土壤

<正>继在东部地区发现840平方公里富硒土壤资源后,青海省多目标区域地球化学调查工作再次获得重大进展,承担项目的青海省五勘院首次在贵德——循化一带发现大面积富锗土壤,目前,正对富锗区开展进一步的评价工作。近期,青海省五勘院在贵德——循化一带开展黄河谷地土地质量地球化学调查评价工作时,发现该地区大面积     

北黄海盆地东部坳陷东南部层序地层特征及沉积体系

以层序地层学为理论指导,通过对地震、钻井、测井及古生物等资料的研究,建立了北黄海盆地东部坳陷东南部的层序格架。研究区的中生界可分为1个一级层序、2个二级层序、5个三级层序,在此层序格架内进行了沉积相划分及沉积体系研究,厘定了扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲、浊积扇和湖泊沉积等4种沉积体系。断陷早期,JSQ1的西部与东部分别发育了中型的扇三角洲与辫状河三角洲沉积体系;断陷中期,西部的扇三角洲沉积体系逐步扩展并在其前端多发育小型浊积扇,东部的辫状河三角洲沉积体系亦持续扩张且在JSQ4沉积期规模达到最大;断陷晚期,KSQ1内仅发育盆缘的小型扇体和滨浅湖相沉积,东部、南部隆起区未接受沉积或沉积较薄并剥蚀殆尽。沉积体系的平面展布和纵向演化受古构造与古地貌的控制。     

Effects of an artificial oyster shell reef on macrobenthic communities in Rongcheng Bay,East China

An artificial oyster shell reef was deployed in Rongcheng Bay, East China. However, the effects of this reef on the surrounding macrobenthic communities were unknown. We compared sedimentary factors, macrobenthic biomass, abundance, and community composition and ecological indicators between the reef and non-reef areas over a one year period. The mean values for chlorophyll a （Chl a）, total organic matter （TOM）, total organic carbon （TOC）, and total nitrogen （TN） content in surface sediments in the reef area were slightly higher than those in the non-reef area. The Chl a levels differed significantly between the two areas, but the TOM, TOC, and TN were not significantly different. The abundance of crustaceans was significantly different between the two areas, but the abundance and biomass ofpolychaetes, echinoderms, mollusk did not differ significantly. The permutational multivariate analysis of variance （PERMANOVA） revealed that the macrobenthic community differed significantly through time and analysis of similarity multivariate analyses （ANOSIM） revealed that the macrobenthic community differed significantly in some months. The ecological indicators revealed that the environmental quality of the reef area was slightly better than that of the non-reef area. Overall, our results suggest that the artificial oyster shell reef may change the macrobenthic community and the quality of the environment. Despite the lack of an effect in the short term, long-term monitoring is still needed to evaluate the effects of artificial oyster shell reefs on macrobenthic communities.     

Tests of new in-situ seabed acoustic measurement system in Qingdao

A new in-situ seabed acoustic measurement system is developed for direct in-situ measurement of sediment geoacoustic properties （compressional wave velocity and attenuation）. The new in-situ system consists of two parts： the deck control unit and the underwater measurement unit. The underwater measurement unit emits sonic waves that propagate through the seafloor sediment, receives the returning signals, and transmits them to the deck control unit for waveform display and analysis. The entire operation is controlled and monitored in real time by the deck control unit on the research vessel and can provide recording of full waveforms to determine the sound velocity and attenuation. This paper outlines the design of the system, the measurement process, and demonstrates its application in tests carded out on seabed sediment off the Qingdao coast, China. The test results show that the system performed well and rapidly provided accurate in-situ acoustic velocity and attenuation estimates of the seafloor sediment.     

我国首次钻获高纯度新类型“可燃冰”

正近日,国土资源部在京举行新闻发布会,宣布我国海洋地质科技人员在广东沿海珠江口盆地东部海域首次钻获高纯度天然气水合物(又称"可燃冰")样品,并通过钻探获得可观的控制储量。此次钻获的天然气水合物,赋存于水深600米～1100米的海底以下220米以内的两个矿层中,上层厚度15米,下层厚度30米,自然产状呈层状、块状、结核状、脉状等多种类型,肉眼可辨。岩芯中天然气水合物含矿率平均     

沈阳市地下水位动态变化浅析

正沈阳市是一座缺水的城市,通过对地下水位的监测,了解地下水位的变化,对保护地下水环境,合理利用和开发地下水资源具有非常重要的意义,为合理开发地下水资源提供技术支持。地质环境概况沈阳地区地层属华北地层区,多为第四系地层覆盖,东部丘陵山区基岩出露。区内地层除缺失上