2011年4月江西降水异常偏少的初步诊断分析

利用1959-2011年北半球500 hPa高度格点资料、74项环流特征量资料和1974-2011年NOAA OLR月平均资料,结合江西83个气象观测站的1959-2011年4月降水资料,对2011年4月江西降水异常偏少成因进行了初步诊断分析.结果表明:江西省4月降水有一定的周期性,2011年4月降水处于少雨期;La ...     

应用MODIS遥感数据监测巢湖水质

以巢湖为研究对象,对MODIS的各个波段辐射率与水质参数叶绿素a浓度、悬浮物浓度和透明度进行拟合,分析了MODIS各个波段辐射率的拟合在监测大型内陆湖泊水质中的可行性.结果表明:MODIS波段辐射率的组合能与巢湖水质参数进行较好的匹配,MODIS波段1—4和10—11对于监测巢湖中叶绿素a浓度、悬浮物浓度和透明度有重要意义.     

Phytoplankton and chlorophyll a relationships with ENSO in Prydz Bay,East Antarctica

The historical data of phytoplankton and chlorophyll a(Chl a)(1990–2002)obtained during the Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition(CHINARE)in the Prydz Bay have been integrated.The results showed that the temperature,salinity,nutrients,and oxygen of seawater changed when El Nino/La Nina occurred.The variation of biological communities reflected the response of ecosystem to environmental changes.During El Ni?o period,Chl a concentration and phytoplankton community structure changed significantly,and the relative proportion of diatoms increased while dinoflagellates decreased.During La Ni?a period,the proportion of diatoms decreased,but the golden-brown algae and blue-green algae increased significantly.The variation of phytoplankton population directly affected the biodiversity of the bay,which were also quite sensitive to the marine environment changes.Meanwhile,the satellite remote sensing data of 2002–2011(December–March)have been used to study the temporal connection change of Chl a and phytoplankton in the Prydz Bay.We found that there were significant differences in the monthly variation characteristics of satellite remote sensing Chl a and sea surface temperature(SST),which had some links with sea ice melting and El Ni?o/La Ni?a events.We found that the start time of bloom advanced,lagged or synchronized with the changes of the SST,and we also found the occurrence time of phytoplankton bloom corresponded with the sea ice melting inner bay.To some extent,this study will help us understand the relationships between ENSO events and the phytoplankton bloom in the Southern Ocean.     

震级特征图特点与a,b值关系

本文主要研究了a、b值的变化对震级特征图的影响。当a、b值的变化幅度不太大时,仍然可从震级特征图上识别出最小均匀震级等震级阈值;当a、b值的变化达到相当的幅度后,震级阈值点变模糊了。     

用柱状成层各向异性介质的并矢Green函数模拟偏心对多分量感应测井响应的影响

采用偏心状态下柱状成层各向异性（横向各向同性）介质中并矢Green函数的解析表达式高效模拟多分量感应测井仪器在井眼中偏心时的响应.为提高精度,在模拟时考虑到了金属心轴、绝缘保护层的存在以及各分量线圈系的具体形状.数值模拟结果表明,当井眼内钻井液电导率相对较高、地层电导率相对较低时,偏心对仪器响应的影响较大,尤其是对短线圈距线圈系的影响更为明显,必须进行偏心效应校正.当钻井液电导率相对较低时,偏心对线圈系响应的影响可忽略不计.对位于相对低电导率井眼中的线圈系而言仪器方位角的影响可忽略不计,而当线圈系位于相对高电导率井眼中时仪器方位角的影响极为明显.当仪器偏心率较小时线圈系的响应随仪器方位角的变化较小,仪器偏心率越大线圈系的响应随仪器方位角的变化越明显.

     

利用Sweep造型法进行管网精细化三维建模

管网三维建模中的一个重要问题是如何根据管线中心线坐标计算得到管网实体表面顶点的坐标,特别是管段与管点衔接处的表面处理。利用扫描(Sweep)造型法,根据实体之间的拓扑连接关系,将一条管线看作是整张连续的曲面,自动建立管线和管点的三维模型,可不必再做拼接处理。此方法通过对管线进行倒圆角及分段处理,在管线中心线各分段点上建立连续标架,计算得到分段点对应的管网实体表面顶点的坐标,并采用布尔并集运算合成管点模型的方法来建立各管网实体的精细化模型。实验结果表明,管网实体表面顶点坐标正确、光滑连续,建模程序简化,性能提高,效果良好。     

40～30ka B.P.中国暖湿气候和海侵的特征与成因探讨

40～30kaB.P.相当于末次冰期(75～10kaB.P.)中的大间冰阶或海洋氧同位素第3阶段的晚期(MIS3a),已有测年记录的冰芯、湖泊沉积、孢粉与古生物、黄土与沙漠地区古土壤、石灰岩洞穴中石笋、古河道沉积、滨海地区海相沉积等7种记录指示我国各区域的湿润程度即降水量高于现代,青藏高原和西北地区尤为显著.西部和华南地区的温度明显高于现代,但较多的孢粉研究者认为东北、华北和长江流域的温度略低于现代.降水量的增加对内陆水系的合并和外流的黄河和长江流域等产生重大影响.渤海西侧、长江三角洲南北与珠江三角洲南部出现重大海侵,当时海平面高度仅低于现代海平面8～10m.当时暖湿气候与海侵的主要动力是岁差周期导致的中、低纬度太阳高辐射所提供的热力促使冰盖消融萎缩,海洋扩涨,青藏高原热低压增强,吸引季风降水,中、低纬度区海洋加热蒸发,增强夏季风与西风环流的水汽含量导致我国全境暖湿.高分辨率的西昆仑山古里雅冰芯记录和南京汤山洞穴石笋记录表明气候有许多百年级高频振荡波动,不是稳定暖湿,要作更深入研究才能说明其表现和影响.     

五大连池等地钾质碱性玄武岩、幔源包体的微量元素特征及成因信息

黑龙江省五大连池、科洛、二克山火山岩的成因,是一个重要而又复杂的问题.作者根据岩相学、地球化学、模式计算等一系列工作,认为这组钾质玄武岩是含金云母的尖晶石二辉橄榄岩低度局部熔融的产物。岩浆在上升过程中,经历了结晶分异和同化混染,从而形成一套具成因联系的新生代大陆板内钾质碱性玄武岩。本文试从微量元素方面对此结论提供证据,并显示钾质熔岩及幔源包体的微量元素特征,由此说明地幔交代作用在钾质系列岩浆形成过程中的重要性。     

Tempo-spatial Variation of Nutrient and Chlorophyll-a Concentrations From Summer to Winter in the Zhangzi Island Area （Northern Yellow Sea）

Nutrient and Chlorophyll-a （Chl-a） concentrations were investigated monthly along three transects extending from a mariculturc area to open waters around the Zhangzi Island area from July to December 2009. The objective of this study is to illus- trate food availability to the bottom-sowed scallop Patinopecten yessoensis under the influences of the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass （YSCWM）, freshwater input and feedbacks of cultivated scallops. Significant thermal stratification was present in open waters from July to October, and salinity decreased in July and August in surface layers in the mariculture area. Nutrient concentrations increased with depth in both areas in summer, but were similar through water column in November and December. On average, nutrient in- creased from summer to autumn in all components except ammonia. Nutrient concentrations lower than the minimum thresholds for phytoplankton growth were present only in upper layers in summer, but stoichiometric nitrogen limitation existed in the entire inves- tigation period. Column-averaged Chl-a concentration was lower in open waters than in mariculture area in all months. It increased significantly in mariculturc area in August and October, and was less variable in open waters. Our results show that nutrients limita- tion to phytoplankton growth is present mainly in upper layer in association with stratification caused by YSCWM in summer. Freshwater input and upwelling of nutrients accumulated in YSCWM can stimulate phytoplankton production in mariculture area. Farming activities may change stoichiometric nutrient ratios but have less influence on Chl-a concentration.     

山东省地层划分对比厘定意见

山东省地层大部属华北地层大区晋冀鲁豫地层区,再分为华北平原、鲁西及鲁东三个地层分区,鲁东南海域日照市平岛、达山岛及车牛山岛等属华南地层大区扬子地层区连云港地层分区。岩石地层分为27个(岩)群120个(岩)组12个正式段,还有相当数量的非正式段。恢复奥陶纪东黄山组、北庵庄组、土峪组、五阳山组、阁庄组、八陡组,并6个组为马家沟群;恢复二叠纪黑山组、万山组、奎山组和孝妇河组,并4个组为石盒子群;在青州—临朐地区识别出奥陶纪亮甲山组。地质代号原则上遵从最新的国家标准及行业标准。