应用反相高效液相色谱定性和定量浮游植物光合色素

利用本实验室建立的反相高效液相色谱实验体系分析了19 种高纯度的浮游植物光合色素标准样品的特征参数。结果显示, 该体系可将各种光合色素较好分离, 但个别色素的保留时间、洗脱顺序、最大吸收波长及响应因子与文献报道的其他实验体系有所差异。表明在利用反相高效液相色谱定性、定量光合色素时不仅要参考其保留时间, 还要参考其最大吸...     

温度对全缘马尾藻幼孢子体生长和生理组分的影响

为探究全缘马尾藻(Sargassum intrgerrimum)幼孢子体对温度的适应性,在照度为10 000 lx,光照周期为12L:12D,温度分别为11.0、16.0、21.0、26.0、31.0、36.0℃的条件下,研究不同温度对全缘马尾藻幼孢子体生长、光合色素含量、SOD活力和CAT活力的影响。结果表明,幼孢子体在16.0~26.0℃的温度范围内生长明显,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05),温度为21.0℃时生长最快;温度为11.0℃时生长缓慢,温度为31.0和36.0℃时幼孢子体的生长因温度过高有溃烂现象。在本实验条件下,全缘马尾藻幼孢子体的适宜温度范围为16.0~26.0℃,最适温度为21.0℃。     

Phytoplankton composition and its ecological effect in subsurface cold pool of the northern Bering Sea in summer as revealed by HPLC derived pigment signatures

CHEMTAX analysis of high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) pigment was conducted to study phytoplankton community structure in the northern Bering Sea shelf, where a seasonal subsurface cold pool emerges. The results showed that fucoxanthin(Fuco) and chlorophyll a(Chl a) were the most abundant diagnostic pigments, with the integrated water column values ranging from 141 to 2 160 μg/m2 and 477 to 5 535 μg/m2, respectively. Moreover, a diatom bloom was identified at Sta. BB06 with the standing stock of Fuco up to 9 214 μg/m3. The results of CHEMTAX suggested that the phytoplankton community in the northern Bering Sea shelf was dominated by diatoms and chrysophytes with an average relative contribution to Chl a of 80% and 12%, respectively, followed by chlorophytes, dinoflagellates, and cryptophytes. Diatoms were the absolutely dominant algae in the subsurface cold pool with a relative contribution exceeding 90%, while the contribution of chrysophytes was generally higher in oligotrophic upper water. Additionally, the presence of a cold pool would tend to favor accumulation of diatom biomass and a bloom that occurred beneath the halocline would be beneficial to organic matter sinks, which suggests that a large part of the phytoplankton biomass would settle to the seabed and support a rich benthic biomass.     

16S rRNA is a better choice than COI for DNA barcoding hydrozoans in the coastal waters of China

Identification of hydrozoan species is challenging, even for taxonomic experts, due to the scarcity of distinct morphological characters and phenotypic plasticity. DNA barcoding provides an efficient method for species identification, however, the choice between mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I（COI） and large subunit ribosomal RNA gene（16S） as a standard barcode for hydrozoans is subject to debate. Herein, we directly compared the barcode potential of COI and 16S in hydrozoans using 339 sequences from 47 pelagic hydrozoan species. Analysis of Kimura 2-parameter genetic distances（K2P） documented the mean intraspecific/interspecific variation for COI and 16S to be 0.004/0.204 and 0.003/0.223, respectively. An obvious ＂barcoding gap＂ was detected for all species in both markers and all individuals of a species clustered together in both the COI and 16S trees. These results suggested that the species within the studied taxa can be efficiently and accurately identified by COI and 16S. Furthermore, our results confirmed that 16S was a better phylogenetic marker for hydrozoans at the genus level, and in some cases at the family level. Considering the resolution and effectiveness for barcoding and phylogenetic analyses of Hydrozoa, we strongly recommend 16S as the standard barcode for hydrozoans.     

Involvement of anti-oxidative enzymes, photosynthetic pigments and flavonoid metabolism in the adaptation of Reaumuria soongorica to salt stress

Reaumuria soongorica is a short woody shrub widely found in semi-arid areas of China. It can survive severe environ- mental stress including high salinity in its natural habitat. Thus, we investigated the involvement of anti-oxidative enzymes, photosynthetic pigments and flavonoid metabolism in the adaptation of R. soongorica to saline environments. R. soon- gorica was treated with 0, 100, 200 and 400 mM NaC1 solutions for 14 days. Soil salt content increased significantly by watering with high content of NaC1 solution, and no variation between 8 and 14 days during treatment. The levels ofpe- roxidation of lipid membranes （measured by malondialdehyde content） and the activities of three antioxidant enzymes （superoxide dismutase （SOD）, peroxidase （POD） and ascorbate peroxidase （APX）） increased under salt stress. Chlorophyll and carotenoid content decreased with increasing salt content. The ratio of Chl a/Chl b and carotenoid/Chl exhibited sig- nificant increase under 400 mM NaC1. However, total flavonoid and anthocyanin contents and key enzyme activities in the flavonoid pathway including phenylalanine ammonialyase （PAL） and Chalcone isomerase （CHI） decreased under salt stress. These findings possibly suggest that R. soongorica has an adaptation protection mechanism against salt-induced oxidative damage by inducin~ the activity of antioxidant enzymes and maintaining a steady level of carotenoid/Chl.     

对虾壳色素提取及部分性质研究

以水产加工废弃物 (对虾壳 )为原料 ,经过对对虾壳的烘干、碾碎、提取、洗涤和分离 ,提取了对虾壳色素。探讨了该虾壳色素的部分性质 ,得到如下初步结论 :在可见光区对虾壳色素的 λmax为 470 nm,在 1 0 0℃加热时间不超过 1 5 min的条件下对虾壳色素对热较稳定 ,耐氧化 ,光照影响对虾壳色素的稳定性。     

用改进单纯形优化法同时测定混合色素的研究

本文以苋菜红、胭脂红组成的两组份混合体系为研究对象,应用改进单纯形优化法对混合色素进行同时测定的研究。结果表明,采用该法优化混合物的各组份浓度具有可行性。     

管藻目绿藻刺松藻(Codium fragile)PSI色素蛋白复合物结构及多肽组成

采用温和的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（PAGE）法，从管藻目录藻刺松藻中分离到不同解离程度的光系统I（PSI）复合物，以及核心复合物CCI、捕光复合物LHCI和LHCI的亚组分，并就其多肽组成及相互关系做了研究。纯化的CCI复合物只含有66和56kDa多肽，荧光发射主峰在714－715nm；LHCI的77K荧光峰在683－684nm，没有高等植物730nm特征荧光，含有PSI复合物中的全部4种24.7-27.5kDa多肽。将中心复合物CPI再电泳，得到了只含24．5和27．2kDa多肽的LHCI亚组分。从而证实刺松藻LHCI也可分裂为含有光合色素的两个部分，它们与CCI结合的紧密程度不同。