Zn^2＋对缢蛏胚胎和幼虫的效应及EDTA解毒作用

本文研究了Zn~(2 )对缢蛏受精卵、担轮幼虫、D型面盘幼虫和稚贝生长发育的影响,及EDTA对上述不同发育阶段生物体中Zn~(2 )的解毒作用。     

麻痹性贝毒（PSP）在食物链的传递

扼要介绍织纺螺食物链中麻痹性贝毒（ＤＳＰ）的传递，因误食织纺引起民中毒事件。同时介绍什么是ＰＳＰ，ＰＳＰ的来源，全球ＰＳＰ中毒事件的记录、国内食织纹螺引发ＰＳＰ中毒事件及ＰＳＰ中毒症状和致死量。提醒喜食海鲜的人们提高警惕，在发生赤潮的前后时期尽量不吃或少食贝类海鲜，同时，呼呈医学部门和海洋环境部门积极加大投入、研制解药和保护好海洋环境，大力宣传ＰＳＰ对人们生命安全的威胁。增强科普知识，加强包含安全     

四氯化碳对杜氏盐藻的毒性实验

按等浓度对数间距0．2设置毒物四氯化碳(CCl4)浓度对杜氏盐藻进行了毒性实验，根据细胞的生长以及β-胡萝卜素含量的变化，观察CCl4,对盐藻的毒性效应。结果表明，CCl4浓度小于0．13％时对盐藻生长及β-胡萝卜素累积几乎没有影响。盐藻对CCl4的最大耐受浓度为0．20％。CCl4浓度达到0．32％时，5天之后造成细胞全部死亡和β-胡萝卜素累积消失。     

莫桑比克罗非鱼孵卵期间口腔粘膜变化的研究

用组织学、组织化学和酶技术,对雌性莫桑比克罗非鱼在孵卵前后口腔粘膜的组织结构、抗菌酶的比活力变化进行初步研究。结果表明:在口腔粘膜的上皮中,杯状细胞是一个重要的结构,它随着雌鱼的生理状态的改变而变化。雄鱼、雌鱼和孵卵期的雌鱼口腔粘膜上皮中的杯状细胞数量上的差别显著。孵卵期的雌鱼口腔粘膜类似于哺乳动物的子宫粘膜也是受性激素影响的靶器官。该种鱼的口腔粘膜中存在着两种抗菌酶;蛋白质水解酶和壳多糖酶。孵卵前后,这两种酶的比活力分别提高1.4—2.03倍。说明孵卵时,口腔粘膜为使卵及仔鱼健康的发育,增强了抗菌能力。研究结果证明:抗菌力的增加与口腔粘膜中的杯状细胞的大量增生有着密切的关系。     

表观增氧量在近岸海域赤潮快速评价与预警中的应用

本文根据浮游植物光合作用原理和氧的海洋生物地球化学过程,提出了"表观增氧量(AOI)"概念,并研究了赤潮发生期间,海水中表观增氧量与赤潮藻细胞密度的相关模式及其在赤潮评价中的应用.研究结果表明,表观增氧量可较准确、客观反映赤潮生物量,可作为具有光合作用能力藻的赤潮评价指标.判断赤潮发生的表观增氧量标准为2.0mg/dm3,预警值为0.5mg/dm3.本研究推荐按AOI值将赤潮强度分为轻度、中度和重度三级,轻度为2mg/dm3≤AOI≤5 mg/dm3,中度为5mg/dm3＜AOI≤10mg/dm3,重度为AOI＞10mg/dm3.用表观增氧量评价赤潮,具有简便、快速、可信等优点,在赤潮监测中,具有重要的应用价值.     

Preliminary studies On the colonial form of Cylindrotheca sp. （Bacillariophyceae）

From a stock culture of Cylindrotheca sp., non-motile colony-forming cells were observed and isolated.Colony-forming cells produced both single cells and colony-forming cells in liquid medla.the rate of single cell production varied among clones.     

孔雀绿对中国对虾各期幼体急性毒性试验

孔雀绿(Malachite)也叫苯甲醛绿(Benzaldehyde green),是一种三苯甲烷染料,分子式为C_(23)H_(25)N_2C1;通常应用的商品为其草酸盐2(C_(23)H_(25)N_2)·3C_2H_2O_4。 在目前中国对虾人工育苗过程中,应用孔雀绿治疗虾卵孵化过程中的真菌侵袭,防治各期幼体的真菌病较为广泛。但是,孔雀绿对各期幼体的毒性,至今尚未见报道。本文通过孔雀绿对对虾受精卵、各期幼体的急性毒     

4种重金属离子对海洋三角褐指藻生长影响的研究

于１９９３年４月－１９９３年５月以Ｚｎ＾２＋，Ｃｄ＾２＋，Ｐｂ＾２＋，Ｃｕ＾２＋不同浓度的海水对三角褐指藻进行生长影响的研究。实验表明，Ｃｕ＾２＋对三角褐指藻生长的毒性最大，其９６ｈＥＣ５０为０．０１７ｍｇ／Ｌ。Ｐｂ＾２＋的毒性最小，其９６ｈＥＣ５０为０．４６８ｍｇ／Ｌ。４种重金属离子的毒性顺序是Ｃｕ＾２＋＞Ｃｄ＾２＋＞Ｚｎ＾２＋＞Ｐｂ＾２＋，除Ｃｄ＾２＋外，其他３种金属离子对该单细胞藻的生长安全     

Rapid detection of virulent protease secreted by Vibrio anguillarum by dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （dot-ELISA）, indirect ELISA and Westem blot were performed to detect the virulent protease secreted by Vibrio anguillarum which was isolated from the diseased left-eyed flounder, Paralichthys olivaceous. Sensitivity results showed that dot-ELISA is a more sensitive, rapid and simple technique for the protease detection. The minimal detectable amount of protease is about 7 pg in the dot-ELISA test, while 7.8 ng in the indirect ELISA and 6.25 ng in the Westem blot respectively. Protease could be detected 2 h after incubation of V. anguillarum in the 2216E liquid medium but enzyme activity was very low at that period. From 6 to 12 h, the amount and enzyme activity of protease increased markedly and reached maximum at stationary phase. Analysis of serum samples periodically collected from the infected flounders showed that after 2 h of infection by V. anguillarum, the pathogenic bacteria could be detected in the blood of the infected flounders but no protease was found. It was 5-6 h after infection that the protease was detected in blood and then the amount increased as infection advanced. Quantitative detection of protease either incubation in the medium or from the blood of infected flounders could be accomplished in virtue of positive controls of quantificational protease standards （＂marker＂） so that the alterations ofprotease secretion both in vitro and in vivo could be understood generally. In addition, the indirect ELISA and dot-ELISA were also performed to detect V. anguillarum cells. Results indicated that the sensitivity of indirect ELISA to bacteria cells is higher than that of the dot-ELISA, and that the minimal detectable amount is approximately 10^4 cell/mL in the indirect ELISA, while 10^5 cell/mL in the dot-ELISA.