松潘甘孜地块与秦岭褶皱带、扬子地台的关系及其发展史

松潘甘孜地块存在与否是个有争议的问题。本文论证了地块的古老基底为前震旦纪花岗质岩系。地块与南秦岭褶皱带可能都是古扬子地台的一部分。由于早古生代末的加里东运动造成的裂陷,使地块从扬子地台的西北部解体出来,但这次解体并不彻底,裂陷槽后来逐渐被弥合填平。茅口期开始的峨眉地裂运动使地块再次从扬子地台解体出来,裂陷线大致沿木里、平武一线。这次裂陷是扬子地台周缘及内部同期张裂的一部分,反映扬子地台迅速北移造成的后缘、侧缘及内部的拉张作用,使地块连同南秦岭地区一起与邻区割裂开来。拉丁期时,松潘甘孜地块与南秦岭区整体强烈下陷,直至晚三叠世末晚印支运动将其海槽关闭,全部褶皱隆起成山。     

新疆托里萨Ⅰ金矿床的地质特征及成因研究

新疆托里萨I金矿床产于托里蛇纹岩套的超镁铁岩相内,与超镁铁岩的蚀变交代作用有关.矿床地球化学研究表明该矿床的形成与海底热泉活动有关,是一种新的金矿床类型.     

样品重量在矿物热分析中的作用

目前,热分析的发展趋向于微量化,但样品重量过少时有些矿物差热曲线的形态特征就要发生改变。本文从实践的结果论述样品重量与差热曲线、热量曲线特征之间的关系,以寻求合理的样品重量。     

沉积物中冷水碳酸盐的古气候意义：以贵州草海两个钻孔剖面为例

本文以草海两个钻孔剖面的孢粉资料为佐证,讨论了该区晚上新世晚期以来不同气候条件下形成的沉积物中,CaCO_3等作古气候指示剂的可能性。研究表明:在大陆湖盆沉积区与溶蚀区(物源区)相距不远、沉积区没有远源物质加入的情况下,寒冷气候时期,沉积盆地的堆积物中CaCO_3的含量较高;而温暖气候时期沉积物中的CaCO_3含量较低。     

阿尔泰原生金矿成矿地球化学特征

据新疆阿尔泰新发现的多拉纳萨依、沙尔布拉克等7-9个成型金矿的成矿流体化学成分、盐度、密度、矿化度、还原参数、成矿温度、成矿压力、氧逸度、硫逸度、pH值、Eh值、硫同位素、碳氧同位素和氢氧同位素的系统研究认为．矿床成矿物质具多来源，但主要来源于围岩；成矿溶液水介质也具多来源，但主成矿阶段主要来源于大气降水；成矿环境以富碱质元素的中性一弱碱性强还原中低温低压环境为主；矿床具多期多阶段、多成因特点。     

Micro area transportation of residues： A style forming the red weathering crusts of carbonate rocks

The red weathering crusts of carbonate rocks are usually characteristic of thick-bedded intensely weathered profiles and strongly undulate basement rock surface （i.e., alternative distribution of solution grooves and stone teeth）. In this work a typical red weathering crust of carbonate rock, whose parent rock is of homogeneity in composition, is selected in karst terrace, middle Guizhou Province, China. Via field geology, geochemistry, mineralogy, grain size analyses, and in comparison with two neighbouring limestone soils as well, the authors have discussed forming process of the red weathering crusts of carbonate rocks, and demonstrated that micro area transportation of acid-insoluble residues of carbonate rocks is a style of forming the red weathering crusts of carbonate rocks. The weathering front is a main place of geochemical reaction, and at this limited-thick interface, with quick dissolution of carbonates, acid-insoluble residues begin to obviously decompose.     

Aqueous geochemistry of rare-earth elements in karst lakes, southwestern China

Due to the unique chemical properties that are similar but still progressively change, the rare earth elements （REEs） are useful tracers of various geochemical processes in the lithosphere and hydrosphere. However, despite many studies of REE geochemistry in the ocean, the aqueous geochemistry of REEs in lake waters has been poorly documented. In the present study, two special karst lakes are chosen as case studies to investigate the distributions of dissolved REEs in lake water. Although the two lakes, Hongfeng and Aha, are both alkaline and have high pH from 7.9 to 8.7 and high carbonate concentrations, the Aha Lake has been more severely affected by acidic mining drainage with high Fe, Mn and SO42 concentrations. In the present study, the concentrations of dissolved rare-earth elements in lake waters were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The result shows that the concentrations of dissolved REEs in the studied alkaline karst lakes, as compared to the concentrations of REEs in seawater, are much lower than the other investigated terrestrial surface waters in previous studies. The key factor controlling dissolved REE distributions is pH value which is negatively correlated with REE concentrations. Due to high concentration of carbonate ion and alkaline character of water chemistry, the shale （PAAS） normalized patterns of dissolved REEs show marked HREE enrichment in all water samples. This is primarily the result of the preferential formation of stronger carbonate complexes with the HREEs. In alkaline or intermediate waters, REE-carbonate complexes are the dominant and typical species, which account for about more than 90% of the total dissolved REEs.     

Re-evaluation of linearity and precision of Gas Bench II-IRMS system and potential implications for carbon and oxygen isotope measurements on small-sized carbonate samples

In this study, the δ^13C and δ^18O values were systematically measured on NBS-18, NBS-19 and IAEA-CO-1 with different sample sizes, with the objective to examine the stability and reproducibility of previously developed linearity correction strategy especially for small-sized samples （e.g. 〈50 μg）. Firstly, the δ^13C and δ^18O values of NBS-19 standards （6-10 samples per run） with sample sizes scattered below -100 μg were determined in three different runs. The logarithmic regressions were performed on the plots of δ-values vs. peak area （sample size） for each run and the correction was applied using peak area of the first peak. Results show that two of the three data sets have almost the same regressive equations for both δ^13C and δ^18O values. The maximum difference in δ^13C values calculated by three equations when sample size varies between -10 and -100 μg is better than 0.15‰, compared with the maximum 0.82‰ for δ^18O values. Since alteration of phosphoric acids could not influence carbon isotope, the 〈0.15‰ difference in calculated δ^13C values should reflect the stability of mass spectrometer conditions. In contrast, the large difference in regressive equations for δ^18O values may be attributed to changed oxygen isotope in phosphoric acids due to exchange with atmosphere through time. It means that standards with sample sizes properly distributed should be arranged in every run for subsequent linearity correction of δ^18O values of small-sized samples （e.g. marine ostracode）.