合肥新桥国际机场膨胀土工程性质的试验研究

本文通过大量室内试验,对合肥新桥国际机场膨胀土的工程性质进行研究,从试验所得一系列试验参数对研究区内的膨胀土进行分类,并采用掺石灰处理方法对研究区的石灰改性膨胀土进行研究,提出地基处理方案。     

风沙治理工程综合效益分析——以敦煌黑山嘴风沙口为例北大核心CSCD

通过对敦煌黑山嘴风沙工程治理区和未治理区近地表风动力环境与土壤理化性质对比分析,研究了风沙治理工程下黑山嘴的防风固沙与土壤改良的综合效益,为今后该区域近地表风沙动力过程的深入研究和风沙灾害综合治理提供了借鉴。结果表明:相较于未治理区,敦煌黑山嘴工程治理区的平均风速、起沙风频率均明显降低,输沙强度减小,年输沙势降低85%,大风天气减少;工程治理区土壤各养分及水盐含量也在一定深度明显增加,全氮、全磷、全钾含量在5 cm土层深度增长率分别达到了322.5%、49.3%、15.1%,全氮、易溶盐对其他组分影响增大,土壤肥力显著提升;两区域土壤电导率与易溶盐含量变化趋势相同,但工程治理区两者含量在土壤表层明显增加,应警惕发生地表盐渍化。     

Soil and vegetation seasonal changes in the grazing Andean Mountain grasslands

Andean grasslands ecosystems are fragile environments with rigorous climatologic conditions and low and variable food for the grazing. The Apolobamba area is located in the Bolivian Andean Mountains. Its high grasslands provide a natural habitat for wild and domestic camelids such as vicuna（Vicugna vicugna） and alpaca（Lama pacos）. The botanical diversity plays an essential role in maintaining vital ecosystem functions. The objectives of this research were to determine the seasonal changes in soil properties, to study the vegetation changes during the wet and dry seasons and the influence of soil properties and camelid densities on the vegetation in the Apolobamba grasslands. Four zones with different vicuna populations were selected to be studied. The following soil parameters were determined： total organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorous, cation exchange capacity, exchangeable cations, pH and texture. The vegetation season changes were studied through botanical identification, above-ground biomass, plant cover and species richness. Results showed that some soil properties such as C/N ratio, CEC, silt and clay percentages kept stable against the seasonal changes. Generally, soil nutrients were relatively higher during the dry season in the surface and subsurface. The results did not point out the predominant vegetation growth during the wet season. The seasonal vegetation growth depended on each species. Thegood soil fertility corresponded to the highest plant cover. Soil fertility presented no influence on the above-ground biomass of the collected species. The negative influence of camelid grazing on soil properties could not be assessed. However, overgrazing could affect some plant species. Therefore, protection is needed in order to preserve the biodiversity in the Andean mountain grasslands.     

Root structure,distribution and biomass in five multipurpose tree species of Western Himalayas

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The tree root distribution pattern and biomass of seventeen year old trees of Grewia optiva, Morus alba, Celtis australis, Bauhinia variegata and Robinia pseudoacacia were studied by excavation method. B. variegata roots penetrated to a maximum depth of 4.78 m, whereas, M. alba roots were found down to 1.48 m depth. Lateral spread was minimum in B. variegata （1.10 m）and maximum inR. pseudoacacia （7.33 m）. Maximum root biomass of 6.30 kg was found in R. pseudoacacia and minimum （2.43 kg） was found in M. alba. For four species viz.,G. optiva, M. alba, C. australis andR. pseudoacacia, 68%-87% root biomass occurred within top 0-30 cm soil depth, but forB. variegata this was only45%. The soil binding factor was maximum in G. optiva and minimum in B. variegata. Soil physico-chemical properties also showed wide variation. The study suggests thatB. variegata with a deep root system is the most suitable species for plantation under agroforestry systems. R. pseudoacacia and G. optiva with deep root systems, more lateral spread and high soil binding factor are suitable for plantation on degraded lands for soil conservation.     

基于核磁共振测井资料构建水谱库的流体性质识别方法

以海拉尔地区为例,提出了基于核磁共振T2谱构建水谱库进行流体性质识别的一种新方法,实测核磁谱包含了孔隙结构、水和油气的信息,构建的水谱来自于水层的核磁实测谱,相当于消除了油气的影响,其基本原理是应用构建的水谱库与实测谱的差异识别流体性质。通过在海拉尔地区应用,得到了较好的应用效果。     

Monitoring of small and medium embankment dams on permafrost in a changing climate

Global climate warming which began in the second half of the twentieth century is continuing. It is associated with increased risks for ecological management, especially in permafrost areas comprising over 65% of Russia. Of special concern are dams constructed on permafrost. They are subject not only to climatic impacts, but also to additional hydrothermal loads from water reservoirs. This paper presents the concept of geocryological monitoring of dams and other water resource projects and substantiates its necessity in view of climatic change. It also presents methods, scope and implementation of geocryological monitoring at medium and small dams, considering the specific nature of Far Northern areas, as well as the complicated geotechnical, hydrogeological and permafrost conditions.     

确定了党对红军实行绝对领导的原则 确定了人民军队建军的基本原则 确定了红军的性质宗旨任务 古田 以光辉的古田会议耀亮了其地名绚彩

古田,著名的红色圣地、中央苏区、革命老区。这里革命遗迹众多,是全国首批历史文化名镇。古田气候宜人,四季如春,被誉为＂北回归线荒漠地带上的绿色翡翠＂。国家级梅花山自然保护区内有中国虎园、红豆杉生态园旅游景区,素有＂神奇的宝山＂、＂动植物基因库＂之美誉。1929年12月28日至29日,中国工农红军第四军第九次党的代表大会,即著名的古田会议,在福建省上杭县古田村召开。古田会议解决了如何把一支以农民为主要成分的军队建设成为共产党领导下的新型人民军队的问题,它所确定的着匝从思想上建党和从政冶上建军的原则,为后来的农村包围城市、武装夺取政权道路思想的形成、发展和成功实践奠定了基础。古田会议因此成为我党我军建设史上的重要里程碑,具有深远的历史意义和重要的现实意义。     

Thermodynamic properties of snow cover on sea ice during the austral summer in Prydz Bay,East Antarctica

The thermodynamic properties of snow cover on sea ice play a key role in the ice-ocean-atmosphere system and have been a focus of recent scientific research. In this study, we investigated the thermodynamic properties of snow cover on sea ice in the Nella Fjord, Prydz Bay, East Antarctica(69°20′S, 76°07′E), near the Chinese Antarctic Zhongshan Station. Our observations were carried out during the 29th Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition. We found that the vertical temperature profile of snow cover changed considerably in response to changes in air temperature and solar radiation during the summer. Associated with the changes in the temperature profile were fluctuations in the temperature gradient within the upper 10 cm of the snow cover. Results of previous research have shown that the thermal conductivity of snow is strongly correlated with snow density. To calculate the thermal conductivity in this study, we measured densities in three snow pits. The calculated thermal conductivity ranged from 0.258–0.569 W?m-1?K-1. We present these datasets to show how involved parameters changed, and to contribute to a better understanding of melting processes in the snow cover on sea ice.     

Spatial heterogeneity of soil mineral oxide components in depression between karst hills,Southwest China

In karst regions,the spatial heterogeneity of soil mineral oxides and environmental variables is still not clear.We investigated the spatial heterogeneity of SiO2,Al2O3,Fe2O3,CaO,MgO,P2O5,K2O,and MnO contents in the soils of slope land,plantation forest,secondary forest,and primary forest,as well as their relationships with environmental variables in a karst region of Southwest China.Geostatistics,principal component analysis(PCA),and canonical correlation analysis(CCA)were applied to analyze the field data.The results show that SiO2was the predominant mineral in the soils(45.02%–67.33%),followed by Al2O3and Fe2O3.Most soil mineral oxide components had a strong spatial dependence,except for CaO,MgO,and P2O5in the plantation forest,MgO and P2O5in the secondary forest,and CaO in the slope land.Dimensionality reduction in PCA was not appropriate due to the strong spatial heterogeneity in the ecosystems.Soil mineral oxide components,the main factors in all ecosystems,had greater influences on vegetation than those of conventional soil properties.There were close relationships between soil mineral oxide components and vegetation,topography,and conventional soil properties.Mineral oxide components affected species diversity,organic matter and nitrogen levels.     

洛阳市城市区工业企业搬迁改造实施办法出台

正4月29日,洛阳市政府下发了洛阳市城市区工业企业搬迁改造实施办法,提出了鼓励城市区原有工业企业实施异地搬迁改造的推进程序、补偿标准,明确了牵头单位和办理时限,使城市区原有工业企业搬迁改造的各项工作均有章可循。根据办法规定,该办法适用于城市区范围内,现有厂区土地已在洛阳市城市总体规划范围内,且规划用地性质经市规划委员会研究后,可调整为非工业用地,腾退现有土地,在洛阳市辖区内的产业集聚区或专业园区内通过新建产业升级项目进行搬迁改造的工业企业。