热带太平洋上层热力状况季节变化的正压特征——海表至深400m热储量的季节变化

使用斯克里普斯海洋研究所（SIO）整编的海洋上层（海表至400m）热储量资料，研究了热带太平洋上层热力状况季节变化的正压特征，指出与SST的分布不同，热储量在北纬5°N～10°N之间有一东西贯穿整个太平洋的带状热储量低值区，其季节变化率的分布特征分为两种，一是11月至2月为代表的“北半球冬季型”和5～8月的“北半球夏季型”，3月、4月和9月、10月为过渡阶段. 北半球10°N和2°N的季节变率的时间变化反位相，南半球的10°S、2°S?其季节变率随时间变化的位相则比较一致且与沿10°N位相大致相反. 东太平洋季节变化明显早于中、西太平洋，具有明显自东向西传播的特征. 10°S与10°N之间东、西太平洋的季节变率随时间的演变也基本上呈现反位相特征.     

在我国阳江以西登陆的热带气旋对韶关的影响分析

本文利用1970-2001年的资料进行比较分析，得知在阳江以西登陆的热带气旋，一般不会对韶关造成太大的影响，但北方有弱冷空气南下影响粤北地区，在热带低压倒槽和弱冷空气的共同作用下，则会造成韶关的明显降水过程，而热带气旋登陆后往北偏东移动，进入广西东北部或广东的西偏北地区或穿过韶关，韶关地区都有大范围的强降水。     

ERS—1／ATSR海表温度在热带太平洋和西北太平洋的印证与分析

海表温度是气候变化研究的关键参量。ERS／ATSR的设计目标是提供高精精度的海表温度，以满足气候研究的要求。利用美国海洋大气局太平洋海洋环境实验室在热带太平洋的浮标数据和日本气象厅在西北太平洋的浮标数据对1991年至1992年间ESR－1／ATSR数据反演的海表温度进行了印证。在热带太平洋，三通道双观测角算法反演的ATSR海表温度与热带浮标海表温度的平均偏差为－0．22K，标准偏差为0．25K；在西北太平洋，平均偏差为－0．51K，标准偏差为0．61K。结果表明，即使在火山气溶胶的影响下，ATSR海表温度在热带太平洋仍具有较高的精度，可以满足其设计目标。利用大气辐射传输模式LOWTRAN－7，对印证结果进行了分析。     

上海“0185”特大暴雨的MCS形成条件分析

在分析影响系统的基础上，结合GMS-5卫星云图、WSR-88D雷达资料对2001年8月5日夜间上海城市特大暴雨作了初步剖析。分析发现，中尺度对流系统（MCS）更替发展加强是产生强降水的直接原因；有利的环流背景导致了中尺度对流系统（MCS）的产生和稳定少动；上海三面环水的特殊地理条件为中尺度对流系统提供了充足的水汽。     

热带气旋中β偶极涡的数值模拟

通过数值模拟来研究热带气旋中的β偶极涡环流，结果可见，在中层的偏差流场上，有清晰的β偶极涡环流，即涡旋中心以西为气旋性环流，以东为反气旋性涡旋，理论分析表明，该β偶极涡环流是由地转涡度平流造成的。     

WAVELET ANALYSIS OF INTERANNUAL VARIATION OF TROPLCAL CYCLONES IN GUANGDONG

Climatological laws are studied for the annual frequency of tropical cyclone occurrence and the date of the yearly first landfall,which take place in the Guangdong province or pose serious threats on it from 1951 to 1999,using the data in the Yearly Book on Typhons.A new method that has developed over recent years for the study of temporal sequences,the wavelet analysis,is used,in addition to more common statistical approaches.By analyzing two wavelet functions,HAT and MORLET,we have compared the results of transfor proaches.By analyzing two wavelet functions,MHAT and MORLET,we have compared the results of transformation of the wavelets provided that ther conditions remain unchanged.It is discovered that the variance of MORLET wavelet has better indication of primary periods; period-time sequence charts can reflect major affecting periods for individual sections of time;when compared with the orginal sequence,the chart shows a little shift.On the other hand,such shift is absent in the MHAT wavelet.but its higher frequency part of variance covers up the primary periods to make its variance less pedominant as compared to the MORLET wavelet.Besides,the work compares two different assumptions of an amplifying factor a.It is found that primary periods can be shown more clearly in the variance when a takes the exponential of 2 than it takes values continuously.Studying the annual frequency of tropical cyclones and the date of first appearance for periodic patterns ,we have found that the primary peroids extracted by this approach are similar to those obtained by wavelet transformation.     

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTERANNUAL VARIATION OF MERIDIONAL WIND ANOMALIES IN TROPICAL PACIFIC AND SSTA

The Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) method is used to conduct studies of periodicity of the SST and meridional winds in tropical Pacific Ocean. The results show that the air-sea system for the Pacific varies on quasi-4-year, quasi-2-year and interannual scales, with the quasi-4-year scale having the highest variability. Depending on the scale, the wind field has a varying degree of association with the SST anomalies. Difference is also found in the evolution of phase. In addition, the work discusses the difference in SSTA resulted from wind fields for quasi-4-year and quasi-2-year components.     

ON THE PREDICTION OF TROPICAL CYCLONE LANDFALL AND INFLUENCE ON SOUTHERN CHINA USING MONTHLY OLR ANOMALIES FOR PRIME SUMMER

With the OLR data,the landfall and activity of tropical cyclones(TC) in southern China over a 20-year period(1975～1994) are studied.The result shows that the variation of the monthly anomalous OLR is somewhat teleconnected with the TC activity in southern China.The former is used to predict short-term climate for the latter over months with frequent or no TC influence.To some externt,the relationship between the TC activity in southern China and the monthly mean OLR anomalies is dependent on the climatological location of the subtropical high in northwestern Pacific region.