热力强迫对越赤道气流产生和维持的作用——定性分析

从原始方程出发，应用大气运动的对称反对称性理论，就赤道地区一呈偶极子分布的反对称冷热源对越赤道气流的形成和维持作用进行了定性分析。结果表明，非绝热加热的反对称分布对越赤道气流的影响是通过诱发和维持反对称的气压场分量来实现的。即在热源上空低层形成低压，高层形成高压；在热汇上空形成相反的气压场。这样，在赤道上空高、低层就将形成与相应气压梯度方向一致的越赤道气流     

一种粒子——烟团扩散模型的应用研究

本文运用随机游动模拟方法改进建立一种粒子－－烟团模式，成功地模拟了对流边界层条件下污染物扩散，粒子－－烟团模式的模拟结果与水槽试验的结果吻合较好。数值模拟试验结果表明粒子－－烟团模式能在旋放粒子数较少，从而运行时间很短的情况下，得到优于一般随机游动模式的模拟性能。用ＫＮＲＣ的资料对模拟性能作一验证，表明模式也能很好地模拟实际大气中不同稳定度情况下的扩散。     

Screening Effect of the Diffusive Boundary Layer in Sediments of Lake Aha in the Suburbs of Guiyang City,Guizhou Province

The redox cycle of iron and manganese is a major geochemica process at the boundary layers of lake sediments.Lake Aha,which lies in the suburbs of Guiyang City,Guizhou Province,China,is a medium-sized artificial reservoir with seasonally anoxic hypolimnion,Long-term sedimentary accumulation of iron and manganese resulted in their enrichment in the upper sediments,In the anoxic season,Fe^2 and Mn^2 ,formed by diological oxidation,would diffuse up to overlying waters from sediments.However,the concentration of oxidation,would diffuse up to overlying waters from sediments,However,the concentration of Fe^2 increased later and decreased earlier than that of Mn^2 .Generally,sulfate reduction occurred at 6 cm below the sediment-water interface.Whereas,in the anoxic season.the reduction reached upper sediments,inhibiting the release of Fe^2 ,The Fe concentration of anoxic water is quickly decreased from high to low as a result of reduction of the suplhur system.     

南极地区大气环流的流体物理实验(二)

经一系列物理实验,研究了南极大地形及其表面冷却对南极附近大气环流的影响.实验中的主要动力相似参数是热力Rossby数R_(OT)及Taylor数T_a.实验表明,在与大气接近的实验参数值条件下,在南极上空,在流体下层形成向外的排溢流,在中高层形成极地涡旋.极地涡旋包括3～4个沿极圈按顺时针方向东移动的低压槽,形成沿极地外围的行星波环流结构.发现东移行星波的波形及强度有准周期低频振荡,其振荡周期相当于地球大气的21d.东移的槽在110°E以东逐渐发展,在160°W的Ross海附近发展得最深,再往东则逐渐减弱.实验表明,南极大陆地形及其地面冷源强迫作用,对南极附近大气环流特征的形成非常重要.     

INTERANNUAL VARIATIONS OF ATMOSPHERIC HEAT SOURCES AND MOISTURE SINKS OVER THE EQUATORIAL PACIFIC AND THEIR RELATIONS TO THE SST ANOMALIES

The interannual variations of atmospheric heat sources and moisture sinks over the Equatorial Pacific and their relations with the SST anomalies are studied using ECMWF reanalysis data from 1979 to 1993. It is found by singular value decomposition (SVD)…     

CHARACTERISTICS OF ATMOSPHERIC HEAT SOURCE ASSOCIATED WITH THE SUMMER MONSOON ONSET OVER THE SOUTH CHINA SEA AND THE POSSIBLE MECHANISM RESPONSIBLE FOR ITS LATE OR EARLY ONSET

The characteristics of atmospheric heat source associated with the summer monsoon onset in the South China Sea (SCS) are studied using ECMWF reanalysis data from 1979 to 1993. A criterion of the SCS summer monsoon onset is defined by the atmospheric hea…     

参加美国气象学会第13届海洋-大气相互作用科学会议总结

美国气象学会“第13届海洋-大气相互作用科学会议”于2004年8月9～13日在美国缅因州波特兰举行。本届会议与16届边界层和湍流会议一起召开，部分专题报告会联合举行。参加两会的专家来自世界10多个国家，共200多人，其中参加海洋-大气相互作用科学会议专家近100人，88人作了口头报告，并安排晚上时间阅览了两会的大字报。     

“三圈环流”的教学设想

“三圈环流”是在热力环流的基础上，根据风的形成原理而形成的。“三圈环流”既是“大气运动”内容的进一步深化，又是学习“气候的形成和变化”的基础，所以它是本单元的重点和关键。但由于这部分内容的学习，要依赖学生较强的空间概念以及物理知识，而学生的空间想象能力较差，跨学科的知识迁移能力较弱，所以学生对教材内容的理解和掌握存在一定难度。