基于径流和潮汐的长江口盐水入侵统计预测研究

根据2008年1月—2010年4月长江口主要盐度测点的最新资料,讨论枯季北支盐水倒灌过程中,北支青龙港盐度对于南支主要测站盐度变化的时间和强度响应,通过大量的数据试验,建立盐度、径流和潮差三者之间的多元回归关系,得到青龙港盐度统计预测模型,通过定量化青龙港日特征盐度的预报,可以较好地预测南支受到盐水入侵影响的时间和强度,为预防长江河口盐水入侵灾害起到一定的警示作用。该统计模型在长江口盐水入侵后报(2009年10月到2010年4月)以及预报(2011年上半年)工作中结果均良好,为陈行、宝钢水库等水源地的安全供水进行合理调度、避咸蓄淡等工作具有一定的指导意义。     

宁波大榭实华45万吨原油码头最佳靠泊时间分析

船舶在停靠码头时,需要根据潮汐、潮流条件选择合适的靠泊时间,特别是对于大型重载船舶,合适的靠泊时间是靠泊安全的基础。文中通过对宁波大榭实华45万吨原油码头一个月的潮汐、潮流资料进行统计和分析,确定码头的最佳靠泊时间,为码头的安全靠泊和引航员的实际操作提供科学建议。     

The roles of different mechanisms related to the tide-induced fronts in the Yellow Sea in summer

In summer, the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass （YSCWM） is a stable water mass of low temperature lying at the bottom of the central Yellow Sea （YS）. It is fringed by some typical tidal fronts, which separate deep, stratified water on the offshore side from the well-mixed, shallow water on the inshore side. Three striking fronts--Subei Bank Front （SBF）, Shandong Peninsula Front （SPF）, and Mokpo Front （MKF; a front off the southwestern tip of the Korean Peninsula）--have been iden- tified by various studies from both satellite observations and model results. Tide plays an important role in the formation and maintenance of these fronts. However, it is still a matter of debate as to the roles these two kinds of mechanisms of upwelling and tidal mixing play, and how importance they are in the maintenance processes of the above three fronts. Basing a nested high-resolution model HYCOM （the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model）, this study focuses on the different mechanisms of tidal effects on the thermal fronts in the YS in summertime. Through comparative experiments with and without tidal forcing, the results indicate that the MKF is mainly driven by tide-induced upwelling. For the SPF, tidal mixing is the dominant factor, when lower cold water is stirred upwards along the sloping topography of the western YS. Meanwhile, the combined effect of upwelling and tidal mixing is the main cause of the formation of the SBF. Diagnostic analysis of thermal balance shows that horizontal nonlinear advection induced by strong tidal currents also contributes to the thermal balance of frontal areas.     

潮汐河口水库中水力充填堤坝结构的渗控关键技术研究

随着近些年水力充填堤坝结构在潮汐河口水库中的应用和发展,渗流控制技术也随之不断完善。本文以上海青草沙水库工程中的北堤工程为例,论述了水力充填堤坝应用在潮汐河口水库中,其渗流控制技术研究分析过程,为类似工程的设计和研究提供了经验和参考。     

十三陵地震台gPhone重力仪的仪器性能与水文响应分析

对安置于十三陵地震台的两台gPhone重力仪(109、118号)在2013-04~08的连续观测数据进行潮汐分析和提取重力残差处理。结果表明,gPhone重力仪监测到降水导致μGal量级的重力变化;gPhone重力仪获取的二阶重力残差变化与距离十三陵地震台15km的沙河地震台静水位变化之间存在4d左右延迟的正相关对应关系,显示了地下水位观测对重力观测解释的必要性。因此,有必要对我国的连续重力观测网补充地下水位观测,提高连续重力观测的数据处理精度。     

南极国际GPS跟踪站的海潮位移改正

This paper describes the ocean loading tides corrections of GPS stations in Antarctica, such as the Great Wall station and Zhongshan station. Based on the theory of ocean loading tides, the displacement corrections of ocean loading tides on GPS stations in Antarctica are calculated by using the CRS4.0 ocean loading tides model. These corrections are also applied to GPS data processing. The GPS data are analyzed by the GAMIT software with and without these corrections. We compared and analyzed the GPS baseline components to get the differences. The results show that the ocean tidal displacement corrections have obvious effects upon GPS baseline components. Therefore, we should not ignore the ocean loading tides corrections of GPS stations in Antarctica to obtain precise and reliable results.     

银河系恒星潮汐流的探测进展

银晕外区存在众多星流,它们或源自银河系的矮伴星系,或源自晕族球状星团,常分别称为矮星系星流和球状星团潮汐尾。星流可以利用各类示踪星,并通过不同的途径加以探测,对若干代表性矮星系星流和球状星团潮汐尾的探测进展做了简要的介绍。     

潮汐对精密单点定位的影响

基于IERS2003协议,介绍了地球固体潮,海潮,极潮等改正模型,叙述了各潮汐项改正步骤,分析了各类潮汐改正模型的量级及对精密单点定位的影响。