太平洋命名的历史

在一个风帆远航为海上最快速交通工具的时代里,大陆和海洋向着不可知的远方延伸着,人类显然无法测定各大海域的界限。在一些有关混沌初开的神话传说里,人类深感大海的浩渺辽阔,以人类自身的渺小,如何给这片无边无际的永恒大海命名呢?     

ANALYSIS OF DRIVING FORCES ON THE CHANGE OF HISTORICAL FARMLAND USE IN SHANDONG PROVINCE DURING THE QING DYNASTY （1644-1911）

How land-cover has been changed by human use over the last 300 years is one of the five overarching questions guiding the Land-use/Cover Change (LUCC) Science/Research Plan. China has variety of historical docu-ments providing unique data superiority. So the characteristics of farmland area in Shandong Province during the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) are summarized firstly: 1) the rising trend of farmland area was striking; 2) farmland area had re-markable fluctuation; 3) farmland area per capita decreased dramatically; 4) wasteland reclamation index increased rapidly. Then, the driving forces of farmland area change are analyzed. It is concluded that natural and human factors are jointly influential. Among the driving forces, human dimensions are the main factors of farmland area change,which direct the general tendency of the changes mentioned above. And the natural factors influence the stability of farmland area as well. Variation of the natural factors would act as the major contributory factor to farmland area change during years or periods of abrupt climatic changes, or during the intensive occurring periods of natural hazards.Besides, the passive aspects of human factors, such as war chaos also influenced the fluctuation of the farmland area.This research indicates that it is feasible to study the land-use/cover change by Chinese historical literatures, which has huge potential to provide a comprehensive picture of the growing dominance of human land-use and land-cover pat-terns that can be used in many global change research oroiects.     

The Lagoon of Venice： geological setting,evolution and land subsidence

The paper deals with the geological setting, history and subsidence of the Venetian Plain. Major attention is paid to the Pleistocene-Holocene stratigraphic sequence in the Lagoon of Venice, in relation to its origin that datesback to 6-7 kyr BP. Geological land subsidence, which played an important role in the origin and the evolution of the lagoon, and anthropogenic subsidence, that has recently assumed a major importance for the Venetian environment, are discussed. Considering also the sealevel rise, 23 cm loss in land elevation has occurred in the last century, leading to increased flooding events and environmental problems that require protective works.     

疏散星团的最新研究进展

疏散星团在天文学和天体物理学研究中有着多方面的重要性。近年来在观测和理论工作上都取得了显著的进展。综述了疏散星团的研究现状，对成员判别、基本参数确定、团与恒星的演化、团的结构和动力学进行了详细评述。     

中子星的磁场演化

中子星磁场的起源与演化问题一直没有满意解决。本文就近年的磁场观测统计分析和理论解释进行了系统介绍，并总结出中子星磁场演化的观测结论。     

山东省区域地质构造演化探讨

山东省区域地质构造演化分为5个阶段.①陆核形成阶段形成太古宙高级区,地壳分异成稳定的花岗岩穹窿和活动的绿岩带,第一次克拉通化完成.②陆块发生形成阶段地壳向刚性发展,在华北陆核硅铝壳的基础上先后有3次张开、闭合裂谷作用,第二次克拉通化完成.这一阶段演化在鲁西地区主要表现为挤压作用,形成大量造山花岗岩;鲁东地区则以拉张作用为主,形成海槽,产生沉积.③秦昆洋形成演化阶段四堡期沿鲁东南部地壳拉张,在华北板块与扬子板块间形成秦昆洋.晋宁期秦昆洋关闭,华北板块与扬子板块对接碰撞,沿胶南造山带产生大量同碰撞花岗岩,同时产生超高压变质作用及形成丰富多彩的碰撞构造.晋宁运动最终形成统一的原始中国古陆,第三次克拉通化完成.④陆块发展阶段鲁西地区地壳频繁升降,形成广泛的海相及海陆交互相沉积;鲁东地区则以造山抬升为主,地层沉积较少.⑤滨太平洋发展阶段该阶段的主要特征是断块构造发育,形成盆岭构造格局,产生大陆边缘花岗岩,构造体系由古亚洲构造域转向滨太平洋构造域.     

邹城市峄山省级地质公园揭碑开园

9月15日上午，峄山省级地质公园揭碑开园仪式在邹城市峄山举行。山东省国土资源厅领导及济宁市、邹城市有关领导和部门负责同志出席了揭碑开园仪式，并参观游览了峄山地质公园。峄山省级地质公园位于邹城市市区东南部，总面积约80平方千米。主要包括“七山一水”为主的自然地质景观和人文历史景观。作为主要标志、第一高峰的峄山，海拔582．8米，素有“邹鲁灵秀”、“岱南奇观”之美誉，被誉为“神州怪石第一山”、“天下第一奇山”。区内纵横交错的花岗岩节理，直插天表的花岗岩奇峰，