基于景区情境的西溪湿地游客环境破坏行为分析与治理对策

湿地公园的生态环境具有特殊性,因此游客环境行为的治理尤为重要,通过对景区情景的控制能够对湿地公园游客环境破坏行为起到一定抑制作用。以西溪国家湿地公园为研究对象,以问卷调查获取数据,分析了景区设施、景区氛围、自然环境、服务质量以及管理政策5个方面情境因素与游客环境破坏行为的相关性,基于景区情境视角提出了西溪国家湿地游客环境破坏行为的治理对策。结果表明:景区氛围、自然环境、服务质量和管理政策均会对游客环境破坏行为产生影响,西溪国家湿地公园可以通过加强景区管理建设、营造干净舒适的景区氛围、加强湿地生态环境保护、加强宣传以及提高景区服务质量等方面对游客环境破坏行为进行治理。     

高原湖泊湿地保护与恢复:以云南石屏异龙湖国家湿地公园为例

异龙湖是是我国最南端的高原淡水湖,也是候鸟迁飞的重要通道。以云南石屏异龙湖国家湿地公园为研究对象,提出异龙湖高原湖泊保护与恢复原则,通过湖滨退化湿地修复、入湖河口湿地恢复、栖息地及物种恢复等工程的实施,实现异龙湖湿地的保护和修复,为高原湖泊型的湿地公园保护与恢复提供借鉴和参考。     

Cross-shore suspended sediment flux in the salt marsh pioneer zone of Chongming eastern beach in the Changjiang Estuary in China

Between April 2002 and April 2003, in situ measurements of water depth, current velocity and suspended sediment content were carried out in edge region of East Chongming salt marsh and neighboring bald flat in the Changjiang (Yangtze) Estuary under different weather conditions. Cross-shore suspended sediment flux was calculated and analyzed. The results show that under calm weather conditions, the current velocity process in bald field and salt marsh area varied differently during semidiurnal tidal cycles. Owing to current velocity asymmetry, mean SSC during flood tide phase was 1.8 times higher than that of ebb tide phase. As a result, net onshore sediment flux controlled cross-shore suspended sediment transport process and salt marsh pioneer zone was generally accreting. There was significant positive correlation between total sediment flux and quartic power of maximum water depth. It indicates that tidal ranges dominate suspended sediment transport and sedimentation process in the salt marsh pioneer zone under the calm weather condition. The sedimentation rate on the adjacent mudflat was higher than the salt marsh, which induced stable accreting of salt marsh towards the sea. The wind events enhanced SSC and current velocity during the semidiurnal tides. And the remarkable onshore net sediment flux could occur on the high marsh and mudflat close to the marsh fringe during the short period under the rough weather condition.     

我国北方河口湿地植被储碳、固碳功能研究——以辽河三角洲盘锦地区为例

利用2007年7月和10月的CBERS卫星遥感数据,结合地理信息系统(GIS),采用混合分类法,解译分析了辽河三角洲盘锦地区湿地植被的空间分布格局。在湿地植被典型分布区设置4条调查带,共计40个调查样方,通过对采集样品的收割、烘干和称质量处理,测算得到了辽河三角洲主要湿地植被的生物量和净初级生产力,研究了该地区湿地植被的储碳和固碳能力。结果表明:稻田、河口水域和芦苇湿地为辽河三角洲盘锦地区湿地的主要组成类型。该地区植被的总储碳量达7.63×106t,芦苇和水稻是该区域最主要的固碳植被,其碳储量分别占该区域植被总储碳量的45.91%和37.03%;该地区植被的平均固碳量达17.68 t/(hm2.a),是我国陆地植被平均固碳能力的3.59倍、全球植被平均固碳能力的4.31倍;辽河三角洲盘锦地区湿地植被年固碳能力相当于相同面积、同等植被覆盖度条件下的温带落叶阔叶林固碳能力的1.01倍。