Discovery of Early Tertiary Hydrothermal Activity and Its Significance in Oil／Gas Geology,Dougpu Depression,Henan Province,China

Data from the super-deep wells(PS10,PS14 and YS1)led to the discovery of widespread met-al-bearing hydrothermal fluids (or hot brines) related to basic magmas in the Lower Tertiary clastic sequence in the Dongpu Depression .In terms of SEM and EDAX analyses, pore-casting thin section examination of sandstone ,the composition and forming temperature of fluid inclusions ,the trace ele-ment composition of mustone and kerogen and organic geochemical analyses, it is demonstrated that the hydrothermal fluids existing in the area studied are ejecting fluids, which have a close bearing on diagenesis and sedimentation, rather than intrusive veins along the tectonic fractures.The main indicators of hydrothermal activity are:(1)abnormal alteration of kerogen;(2) high-temperature altered mineral assemblage;(30abnormal distribution of hydrocarbons;(4) specific assemblages and abnormal contents of heavy metals in mudstone and kerogen;(5) specific composi-tion of complex compounds and assemblages of fluid inclusions in sandstone;(6) periodic basaltic magma activity.Results of geological observations and laboratory simulating experiments demonstrated that the hydrothermal fluids have a close bearing on hydrocarbon generation in the Dongpu Depression. Two aspects of the effect of hydrothermal fluids are noticed:hydrothermal hydrocarbon production and strong metal catalysis in oil and gas generation.     

Physicochemical Conditions of the Formation of Beryl and Aquamarin in Mufushan Granopegmatite Deposit,Hunan Province,China

The formation of the Mufushan granopegmatite was closely related to the Late Yenshanian multiphase and multistage magmatic activities,More than one generation of beryl and aquamarine occur in different types of pegmatite in the granites.The presence of melt and melt-fluid inclusions strongly indicates a melt-solution character of the pegmatitic magma.Forming temperatures of the different generations of beryl in a Na^ -K^ ,Ca^2 -CO3^2--Cl^--SO4^2- solution ranges from 990℃to 200℃.Aquamarine was formed at 720-180℃.The contents of alkali metals(Na^ K^ )in th ore-formming solution of aquamarine are lower than those in the beryl,but the contents of alkali earths(Ca) and salinity are higher,The granite was generated by remelting of the basement formation(meta-sedimentary rocks of the Lengjiaxi Group)which also served as the source of ore-forming material.Beryllium in the pegmatite was transported mainly in the form of Na[Be(CO3)2],with part of it being complexed with Cl^- and SO4^2-.During the generation and evolution of the pegmatite,equilibrium might have been reached in the solid-melt-fluid or solid-fluid system.The intergranular solutions may have reacted with the early crystallized minerals,resulting in potash-feldsparization,albitization and muscovitization during which the ore-forming elements were mobilized and transported in favour of ore deposition.     

内蒙赤峰莲花山金矿床成矿流体性质及矿床成因

内蒙赤峰莲花山金矿床成矿流体性质及矿床成因姜能（中国科学院地质研究所，北京１０００２９）关键词莲花山金矿床，流体性质，矿床成因１矿床地质特征莲花山金矿床位于赤峰市以南、华北地台北缘内蒙台隆的喀喇沁断隆中。矿区内出露岩层从老到新有：太古界建平群斜长角闪...     

滇西砂岩铀矿的断裂-热水成因特征

滇西砂岩铀成矿带位于印度次大陆与亚洲大陆碰撞边界的邻近地区。以花岗质岩石为基底的晚第三纪盆地中堆积了浅色古煤碎屑岩建造，砂岩铀矿即产于其中。本文从富铀花岗质基底岩石、铀矿源层、断裂系统、地热流体和铀成矿时代与地热活动的关系等方面，探讨了滇西砂岩铀矿的断裂-热水成因特征。滇西砂岩铀矿是一种热水改造矿床。     

地壳流体—岩石氧氧同位素交换反应动力学研究现状

矿物－流体体系氧同位素交换反应动力学模型主要分为５种：封闭、“封闭”、一般开放、流体缓冲体系以及岩石缓冲体系。交换机制主要为扩散控制和表面控制。层状辉长岩上部、下部岩系辉石往往表现出不同的交换速率和交换程度，流体的初始δ＾１８Ｏ值也显示出较大的不均一性。花岗岩－流体氧同位素交换反应绝大多数为开放体系不平衡类型。中深成岩基与浅成岩体在有效反应时限、流体标准化渗透率方面不同。前寒武纪条带状硅质铁建造分