家庭无线网络分享可行性研究——基于无线网络的流量银行wlanbank

在对当前无线网络供求特征分析的基础上,通过研究路由器Openwrt系统的网络架构,对该设计平台下实现无线网络分享的可行性进行探讨.基于Openwrt平台,将无线网络分享及流量平衡的理念引入方案设计中,利用C++语言实现并建立了无线网络流量银行Wlanbank(Wireless LocalArea Networks bank),并对该流量银行的功能和实用性进行了分析.该平台能够方便地实现家庭网络的相互分享,包括客户端与服务器的定时通信、流量结算以及路由器的远程管理等功能.该无线网络分享平台参考金融秩序中的货币流通方式,在流量银行Wlanbank系统中实现在用户互相之间的转账流量交易来获得无线网络的使用,遵循“分享才能使用”、“分享的越多才能使用的越多”的理念,在流量流通过程中制造一种类似金融秩序的平衡,在不损害用户利益的基础上,扩大无线网络覆盖率.     

基于HBV模型的淮河流域洪水致灾临界雨量研究

根据流域暴雨洪水致灾机制,文章提出了考虑前期基础水位的动态致灾临界雨量指标,并以淮河上游地区为例,基于HBV水文模型建立了降水-流量-水位关系,并根据这种关系确立了临界雨量确定的方法流程.首先基于历史水文数据率定和验证模型,得到适用于研究区的最优化模型参数,然后构建洪水上涨期水位流量关系,最后以是否达到致灾水位为标准,通过模型试算并结合水位流量关系曲线反推出致灾临界雨量值.在淮河上游地区的研究中,利用2002-2009年逐日气象水文数据对HBV模型进行了参数率定和检验,并针对洪水过程进行了参数优化,经过率定后HBV模型对王家坝以上流域具备较好的适用性,对典型洪水过程模拟的确定性系数和NASH效率系数均在0.8以上;根据王家坝站实测流量水位数据,构建了概化的单一关系曲线;结合HBV模型和水位流量关系得到了王家坝以上流域的动态致灾临界雨量指标,临界雨量值随前期基础水位升高而减小,并且随着前期水位的变化,临界雨量值呈现了明显的非线性响应特征.     

2010年7月重要天象预告

与去年有些类似,今年7月也将因日全食的发生而带动又一轮天文热潮。遗憾的是,本次日食在我国境内观测不到,而且全食带覆盖的绝大多数地区是海洋,尽管如此,世界各地的许多天文爱好者依然会前去观测。此外,7月虽然没有较大流量的流星雨活动,但除水星外的几颗行星观测条件都还不错,其中金星、火星和土星日落时出现在西南方天空中,且彼此角距离在逐渐减小。木星于晚22时从东方升起,后半夜的观测条件较佳。     

济南岩溶含水系统滞迟效应分析

济南岩溶含水系统的泉水位和泉流量明显滞迟于降水量。利用峰值时段差、原始序列回归等方法,并考虑了降水量、泉水位、泉流量周期性的影响,计算出济南岩溶含水系统的滞迟时间为2～6个月。以不同滞迟时间建立了泉流量预测模型,并进行了对比分析,滞迟时间6个月预测模型,预测精度较高,物理概念不明确;滞迟时间2个月预测模型,预测精度稍差,但物理概念明确,建议采用该模型进行泉流量预测。     

染色法测量坡面流流速的最佳测流区长度研究

染色法是测定坡面流流速最常用的方法,但对测流区长度的选择没有统一标准.统一测流区长度不仅能减少流速测定误差,还能提高不同试验间的可比性.本文采用室内变坡水槽试验,用染色法测量表面最大流速并计算平均流速时,选择6个常见测流区长度,以流量法计算的平均流速为参照值,选取5个统计参数(RRMSE、RE、NSE、R2、MAE)作为评价指标,将不同测流区长度下染色法与流量法所获得的平均流速进行比较,分析染色法测量坡面流流速的最佳距离.研究结果表明:当测流区长度为2m和3m时,RRMSE都较小;在2m处,RE、MAE达到最小,NSE、R2最接近1,此时染色法测定的流速与流量法计算的流速最为接近.因此,用染色剂法测量坡面流速度的最佳距离应选在2m.     

怀洪新河蓄水可行性研究

怀洪新河在现状工程条件下,将正常蓄水位由设计蓄水位抬升至校核蓄水位,将新增1.1×108m3调蓄库容,如果涉及复蓄,将新增2～3亿m3的可供水量,对缓解皖东北地区干旱缺水矛盾具有重要的战略意义.本文利用蚌埠闸46年水位资料及吴家渡57年流量资料,详细分析了怀洪新河蓄水的可行性与保证率,并提出了相应的管理措施,可供相关管理和规划部门决策时参考.     

Volume estimation of small scale debris flows based on observations of topographic changes using airborne LiDAR DEMs

This paper describes a geographic information system(GIS)-based method for observing changes in topography caused by the initiation, transport, and deposition of debris flows using highresolution light detection and ranging(LiDAR) digital elevation models(DEMs) obtained before and after the debris flow events. The paper also describes a method for estimating the volume of debris flows using the differences between the LiDAR DEMs. The relative and absolute positioning accuracies of the LiDAR DEMs were evaluated using a real-time precise global navigation satellite system(GNSS) positioning method. In addition, longitudinal and cross-sectional profiles of the study area were constructed to determine the topographic changes caused by the debris flows. The volume of the debris flows was estimated based on the difference between the LiDAR DEMs. The accuracies of the relative and absolute positioning of the two LiDAR DEMs were determined to be ±10 cm and ±11 cm RMSE, respectively, which demonstrates the efficiency of the method for determining topographic changes at an scale equivalent to that of field investigations. Based on the topographic changes, the volume of the debris flows in the study area was estimated to be 3747 m3, which is comparable with the volume estimated based on the data from field investigations.     

Water discharge variability of Changjiang （Yangtze） and Huanghe （Yellow） Rivers and its response to climatic changes

Influences of large-scale climatic phenomena, such as the E1Nifio/La Nifia-Southem Oscillation （ENSO） and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation （PDO）, on the temporal variations of the annual water discharge at the Lijin station in the Huanghe （Yellow） River and at the Datong station in the Changjiang （Yangtze） River were examined. Using the empirical mode decomposition-maximum entropy spectral analysis （EMD- MESA） method, the 2- to 3-year, 8- to 14-year, and 23-year cyclical variations of the annual water discharge at the two stations were discovered. Based on the analysis results, the hydrological time series on the inter- annual to interdecadal scales were constructed. The results indicate that from 1950 to 2011, a significant downward trend occurred in the natural annual water discharge in Huanghe River. However, the changes in water discharge in Changjiang River basin exhibited a slightly upward trend. It indicated that the changes in the river discharge in the Huanghe basin were driven primarily by precipitation. Other factors, such as the precipitation over the Changjiang River tributaries, ice melt and evaporation contributed much more to the increase in the Changjiang River basin. Especially, the impacts of the inter-annual and inter-decadal climate oscillations such as ENSO and PDO could change the long-term patterns of precipitation over the basins of the two major rivers. Generally, low amounts of basin-wide precipitation on interannual to interdecadal scales over the two rivers corresponded to most of the warm ENSO events and the warm phases of the PDO, and vice versa. The positive phases of the PDO and ENSO could lead to reduced precipitation and consequently affect the long-term scale water discharges at the two rivers.     

10颗近赤道弱源MK2VLBI观测结果

本文给出利用中国、意大利、南非射电望远镜对一个近赤道源样本在５ＧＨｚ频率上进行ＭＫ２ＶＬＢＩ普测中１０颗弱源的相关流量和其中部分源用ＨａｒｔＲＡＯ望远镜观测的总流量值，作为进一步的ＭＫ３或ＶＬＢＡ记录系统的ＶＬＢＩ观测依据．     

岩体裂隙粗糙度表征及其对裂隙渗流特性的影响

岩体裂隙粗糙程度对裂隙渗流特性的影响显著。利用三维光学扫描系统获取岩体裂隙面点云数据,结合SURFER和GEOMAGIC STUDIO等软件计算裂隙面节理粗糙度系数JRC和表面粗糙比率R_s,建立JRC与R_s的定量关系,开展应力、渗流和化学耦合作用下石灰岩裂隙渗流试验,研究JRC和R_s对粗糙裂隙渗流特性的影响。结果表明：JRC与R_s呈对数函数关系,其平方根R²为0.912 8,该表征公式与裂隙渗流试验结果最大相对误差MRE、平均绝对误差MAE和均方根误差RMSE分别为6.93%、0.34和0.27。JRC与渗流量、稳定期渗透率分别呈二次函数和对数函数关系,R_s和各参数的拟合关系与JRC相同。JRC值越大,渗流量和渗透率越小,且三场耦合作用下裂隙面JRC和R_s值均有所增大。该表征方法可用于岩体裂隙面粗糙度估算,由裂隙面JRC值可预测该裂隙渗流量和稳定时刻渗透率。