应用波浪数值模式对北印度洋海浪场进行计算和统计分析

以11年QSCAT/NCEP混合风场数据为输入,采用WAVEWATCH-Ⅲ波浪模式,对北印度洋海域1999-2009年的海浪场进行了数值计算。与Janson-1高度计波浪资料进行对比验证后发现,波浪计算结果较好。将计算结果进行统计分析,得出北印度洋风浪有如下特点:(1)冬季盛行东北向浪,夏季盛行西南向浪;(2)北印度洋中部波高较大,北部和南部较小。夏季波高全年最大,较冬季强盛得多;冬季次之,春季最小。     

Experimental Investigation of Irregular Wave Uplift Force on Deck of Exposed High-Pile Jetties

A laboratory setup was developed to investigate irregular wave uplift loads on exposed high-pile jetties.It is shown that the dimensionless uplift load increases to the maximum with an increasing relative clearance and then decreases.The relative clearance corresponding to the peak force is linked to a range from 0.4 to 0.8.When the relative clearance exceeds a certain value,the wave can not reach the underside of the deck and the force becomes zero.Distinct trends of dimensionless force with a relative width of deck show that the force tends to decrease as the relative deck width increases,and then the decrease slows down after the relative deck width increases or decreases to a certain value.The pressure distribution length associated with the maximum uplift force is equivalent to the wave contact width x.When x is larger than the width of deck B,it is taken as B.The statistical distribution of loads obeys the Weibull distribution.The results from the analyses of the real data suggest a new dimensionless prediction model on wave-in-deck uplift loads and the conversion ratio between wave loads at different exceedance probabilities.A comparison is made between the new prediction model and the existing widely used three prediction models.These results are used as useful references for structural design of the jetty.     

基于小波变换法定义的波群参数

通过小波变换分析的波能过程定义了两个描述波浪群性的参数,由数值模拟波浪和实测波浪资料对其与常用的波群参数进行对比分析,结果表明基于小波波能过程定义的群性参数是有效的,从而展示了小波变换用于在时频域上分析波群的能力。详细探讨了波浪记录长度对群性参数稳定性的影响,分析结果表明,波浪观测长度对于波群参数的影响较大,在考虑波浪群性的波浪模拟及分析时,建议模拟时间长度应在400~500个波以上。     

Sub-seasonal variability of Luzon Strait Transport in a high resolution global model

The Luzon Strait is the main impact pathway of the Kuroshio on the circulation in South China Sea (SCS). Based on the analysis of the 1997–2007 altimeter data and 2005–2006 output data from a high resolution global HYCOM model, the total Luzon Strait Transport (LST) has remarkable subseasonal oscillations with a typical period of 90 to 120 days, and an average value of 1.9 Sv into SCS. Further spectrum analysis shows that the temporal variability of the LST at different depth is remarkable different. In the upper layer (0–300 m), westward inflow has significant seasonal and subseasonal variability. In the bottom layer (below 1 200 m), eastward outflow exhibits remarkable seasonal variability, while subseasonal variability is also clear. In the intermediate layer, the westward inflow is slightly bigger than the eastward outflow, and both of them have obvious seasonal and subseasonal variability. Because the seasonal variation of westward inflow and eastward outflow is opposite, the total transport of intermediate layer exhibits significant 50–150 days variation, without obvious seasonal signals. The westward Rossby waves with a period of 90 to 120 days in the Western Pacific have very clear correlationship with the Luzon Strait Transport, this indicates that the interaction between these westward Rossby waves and Kuroshio might be the possible mechanism of the subseasonal variation of the LST.     

Analytical method of radiation by a wave energy device with dual rectangular floating bodies

The system with one floating rectangular body on the free surface and one submerged rectangular body has been applied to a wave energy conversion device in water of finite depth. The radiation problem by this device on a plane incident wave is solved by the use of an eigenfunction expansion method, and a new analytical expression for the radiation velocity potential is obtained. The wave excitation force is calculated via the known incident wave potential and the radiation potential with a theorem of Haskind employed. To verify the correctness of this method, an example is computed respectively through the bound element method and analytical method. Results show that two numerical methods. are in good agreement, which shows that the present method is applicable. In addition, the trends of hydrodynamic coefficients and wave force are analyzed under different conditions by use of the present analytical method.     

Dominant climate factors influencing the Arctic runoff and association between the Arctic runoff and sea ice

介绍了星载雷达波谱仪的观测原理及误差分析模型,并在Hauser等提出的SWIM(sea wave investigation and monitoring by satellite)的基础上分析了波谱仪反演海浪谱的波长分辨率和角度分辨率。为了减小反演调制谱的波动,在数据处理过程中时域和波数域相邻单元的平均个数分别为10和8个。系统在不同的模式下工作,为了获取20°的角度分辨率,对调制谱平均次数分别取3次(模式1)、7次(模式2)、10次(模式3)。使用解析法和仿真法分析了SWIM工作在模式2时海浪谱观测的能量误差,两种方法的结果一致。对于给定的海浪条件,能量误差小于20%。     

大洋中脊热液活动与轴部岩浆房的分布、深度以及熔融程度之间的关系

热液活动,特别是高温流体释放,通常与轴部存在岩浆房（AMC）有关,然而这种关系尚未得到系统的验证。通过对6个区域性较长（长度在170—560km之间）的洋脊段进行连续的AMC以及热液羽流调查,就有可能定量比较热液活动的分布、强度与AMC范围、深度以及在部分站位岩浆熔融程度之间的关系。这六个区域性洋脊的扩张速率在55—145mm／a之间,共包含20个次级的洋脊段。在洋脊段尺度上（除去受到热点影响的加勒帕戈斯扩张中心）,热液羽流的发生率随着AMC的发生率（AMCr,r^2=0．64）增加而线性增加。对所研究的6个区域性洋脊段而言,热液羽流的发生率随着AMC的深度减小而增加（AMCZ,r^2=0．66）。在次级洋脊段尺度上,热液羽流的发生率与AMCr（r^2=0．12）以及AMCz（r^2=0．25）相关性很差。最后在亚段尺度上,或者在局部尺度上（0．75km长的区间内）,热液羽流的强度随着AMCz的变浅而增强（r^2=0．85）。羽流强度越强的区间也就越接近它们的海底来源,其中68±13％直接位于AMC之上。这种分布与现在已知的40个高温喷口场中至少有37个位于AMC之上的分布相似。现在的数据能够允许我们验证AMC与热液活动相互之间关系的假设。尽管现存的数据很少,不支持如下假设：熔融富集的岩浆透镜体优先发育强烈的、持续周期长的热液喷发。同时,在任何洋脊段也未能为如下提议找到证据：在段尺度上,热液冷却的增加可以在局部亚段上降低AMCz。在慢速洋脊,岩浆房存在的证据相当稀少,然而这些数据却与那些具有更快扩张速率洋脊的数据相一致。对所有扩张速率洋脊的观察结果表明,几乎所有的高温热液场均与岩浆或者推断的岩浆有关;而“热岩”或者非岩浆热源不足以引起高温热液喷发。     

绿鳍马面鲀重复发育雄性生殖腺结构与发育组织学观察

采用常规石蜡切片、HE组织染色法研究了性成熟绿鳍马面鲀雄性生殖腺结构和发育组织学。结果表明,性成熟绿鳍马面鲀精巢从外形上明显分为上、下两段,上段为生精部,下段为贮精囊。生精部分为2支,呈黄色、长条状;生精部为典型的小叶型结构;精小叶间有间质(Leydig)细胞。其生精部的发育历程可分为重复发育Ⅲ期、精子形成Ⅳ期、精子成熟Ⅴ期和退化吸收Ⅵ期。贮精囊位于精巢的后方并通过壶腹与生精部相连,贮精囊为椭圆形,白色不分支,其组织结构与贮存精子功能相适应,由许多被结缔组织分开的管状囊腔组成;贮精囊组织学变化与生精部周期性的变化相关,又有相对的独立性,也有周期发育,可分为恢复期、生殖期和退化期。     

Theoretical Analysis of A Buoyant Jet Interacting with Small Amplitude Waves

A new theoretical solution is presented here for the dynamic characteristics of a buoyant jet due to opposing small amplitude waves.The conservation equations of mass,tangential momentum and vertical momentum are solved by the integral method which encompasses the Gaussian profiles of velocity and density.The action of waves is incorporated into the equations of motion as an external force and a new exact solution is obtained to predict the trajectory,velocity distribution and boundary thickness of the buoyant jet over an arbitrary lateral cross section.It is found that the velocity along the centerline is inversely proportional to the ratio of the momentum of the wave to the buoyant jet.The averaged boundary width varies with the fluctuation of the boundary width,the distance from the orifice and the velocity correction function.Owing to the motion d waves,the fluctuation of the boundary width is proportional to the wave steepness.     

完全非线性孤立波的稳态解

报道了应用边界积分方法模拟完全非线性孤立波的传播,给急剧记解的波形,流束和数值计算结果。结果表明,本模型对计算孤立波的传播是有铲的。当ａ／ｈ〉０．３时,自由液面上的水平流速、底部流速和垂向平均流速之间的差别是明显的。三阶Ｂｏｕｓｓｉｎｅｓｑ方程的孤立波解比低阶方程的孤立波解更接近本文完全非线性的数值解。