Damage pattern recognition of spatially distributed slope damages and rainfall using optimal GIS mesh dimensions

Damage assessment for slopes using geographical information system （GIS） has been actively carried out by researchers working on several government organizations and research institutes in Korea. In this study, 596 slope damages were examined to identify the types of damage associated with dip angles, dip directions, and heavy rainfall resulting from typhoons in South Korea. Heavy rainfall of 100 mm to 300 mm resulted in 80% at the investigated slope damages. A GIS database was developed for highways, rainfall, soil or rock geometry, and types of damage. A grid of rainfall intensity was generated from the records of maximum daily rainfall. Contours for slope damages and heavy rainfall using optimal GIS mesh dimensions were generated to visualize damage patterns and show substantially strong correlation of rainfall with slope damages. The combination of remote sensing with the GIS pattern recognition process described in this work are being expanded for a new generation of emergency response and rapid decision support systems.     

南阳凹陷致密储层钻井液损害评价及酸化改造对策研究

本文通过矿物使用的钻井液和酸化解堵液对储层岩石所作的损害评价试验证实，该区储层产能低的原因之一是钻井液和酸化解堵液使储层渗透率损害达35％－75％造成。针对该区储层实际，采用作者研制的酸液解堵模拟试验证实，可使储层渗透率恢复到原始值的89％－185％，平均恢复至原始值的110％，适用于该区储层的酸化解堵。     

朝阳沟油田扶余油层单井产能控制因素分析

以朝阳沟油田生产试验区为例，论述了朝阳油田扶余油层单井产能的控制因素；油藏地质条件和油气层损害。油藏地质条件从根本上决定了单井产能的大小，油层损害不同程度地降低了油井的产能。     

电梯的雷电防护技术研究

本文从电梯的构成、布局位置等方面分析了雷击对电梯造成损害的原因,研究了电梯遭雷击的损坏形式包括直接雷击、闪电电涌侵入、雷击电磁脉冲和反击,针对性地提出了直击雷防护、等电位连接、屏蔽、限制过电压、定时开展防雷检测等措施,为使用单位采取电梯雷电防护措施提供技术指导。     

Effects of structural characterizations on fragility functions of bridges subject to seismic shaking and lateral spreading

This paper evaluates the seismic vulnerability of different classes of typical bridges in California when subjected to seismic shaking or liquefaction-induced lateral spreading. The detailed structural configurations in terms of superstructure type, connection, continuity at support and foundation type, etc. render different damage resistant capability. Six classes of bridges are established based on their anticipated failure mechanisms under earthquake shaking. The numerical models that are capable of simulating the complex soil-structure interaction effects, nonlinear behavior of columns and connections are developed for each bridge class. The dynamic responses are obtained using nonlinear time history analyses for a suite of 250 earthquake motions with increasing intensity. An equivalent static analysis procedure is also implemented to evaluate the vulnerability of the bridges when subjected to liquefaction-induced lateral spreading. Fragility functions for each bridge class are derived and compared for both seismic shaking （based on nonlinear dynamic analyses） and lateral spreading （based on equivalent static analyses） for different performance states. The study finds that the fragility functions due to either ground shaking or lateral spreading show significant correlation with the structural characterizations, but differences emerge for ground shaking and lateral spreading conditions. Structural properties that will mostly affect the bridges＇ damage resistant capacity are also identified.     

我国海洋生态补偿机制的现实进展与发展进路

海洋生态补偿机制是促进海洋资源科学开发利用与海洋生态环境质量改善、推动海洋经济高质量发展的一项重要环境经济手段。文章结合新时期海洋生态文明领域政策演进的新动向,梳理近年来我国主要沿海省(自治区、直辖市)海洋生态补偿制度实践的进展情况,从系统性视角总结分析国家和地方层面海洋生态补偿政策与法律制度建设的经验和差距。着眼于海洋生态补偿政策体系完善和地方管理机制的改进需求,从统筹协同角度,建议未来从政策协同、多元机制协同、跨部门协同、跨区域协同和信息资源协同等方面,推动建立完善陆海统筹的海洋生态补偿协同治理体系。     

基于无人机载多光谱相机的海面溢油分类方法研究

海洋溢油事故发生后,及时准确地探测油污分布情况极为重要.无人机载多光谱探测海面油膜是高效的溢油监测手段之一,它能弥补卫星遥感的滞后性、精度低等不足,具有灵活性高、实时性强等优点.本研究研制了无人机载多光谱油污探测系统并进行了水面油膜机载探测实验,分别利用最大似然法、最小距离法以及光谱角填图法对成像结果进行分类,并将3种...