中石化上游板块实现东稳西增

岁末盘点,胜利油田喜获丰收：2009年生产原油2791×10^4t,连续10年保持稳定增长,连续13年保持储采平衡。西部上产步伐进一步加快：西北油田分公司2009年生产原油660×10^4t,同比增长60×10^4t,生产天然气13．1×10^4m3,全面完成2009年度勘探开发任务。     

国土资源部检查南阳基本农田保护工作

4月14～15日,国土资源部土地整理中心副主任郧文聚为组长的检查组一行四人,在省国土资源厅副厅长李志民的陪同下,到南阳市检查2008年耕地占补平衡和基本农田保护工作。     

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国土资源部检查南阳基本农田保护工作本刊讯4月14～15日,国土资源部土地整理中心副主任郧文聚为组长的检查组一行四人,在省国土资源厅副厅长李志民的陪同下,到南阳市检查2008年耕地占补平衡和基本农田保护工作。     

绥化市六年实现耕地占补平衡

本报讯 绥化市坚持占用与开发相结合、保护与。整理复垦双管齐下的原则,切实保障耕地总量6年实现动态平衡。     

保护、调整、平衡、优化大上海土地利用之路

上海是大城市、小郊区,土地面积仅占全国土地面积的0.07%.在全国特大城市中,上海市土地面积只及北京市面积的37.7%.为天津市面积的56%.     

“双保”博弈——增长VS红线：4万亿投资平衡术

在有限的土地总盘子里,如何既保证大量投资工程项目的建设用地,又要落实好严格的耕地红线保护政策？保增长、保红线这二者看似矛盾,其实都箭指同一个节点,即尽量用最少的土地做最多的事情。正在建设中的武广客运专线湖南段,树立了一个因地制宜运作力争实现增长和红线双保险的典范,它足以证明,“双保博弈”并不是你死我活的对立面．从调整局部利益的让利层面多做考虑．我们会发现二者并非难以调和。     

Estimation of the Land Surface Emissivity in the Hinterland of Taklimakan Desert

An accurate accounting of land surface emissivity(ε) is important both for the retrieval of surface temperatures and the calculation of the longwave surface energy budgets.Since ε is one of the important parameterizations in land surface models(LSMs),accurate accounting also improves the accuracy of surface temperatures and sensible heat fluxes simulated by LSMs.In order to obtain an accurate emissivity,this paper focuses on estimating ε from data collected in the hinterland of Taklimakan Desert by two different methods.In the first method,ε was derived from the surface broadband emissivity in the 8–14 μm thermal infrared atmospheric window,which was determined from spectral radiances observed by field measurements using a portable Fourier transform infrared spectrometer,the mean ε being 0.9051.The second method compared the observed and calculated heat fluxes under nearneutral atmospheric stability and estimated ε indirectly by minimizing the root-mean-square difference between them.The result of the second method found a mean value of 0.9042,which is consistent with the result by the first method.Although the two methods recover ε from different field experiments and data,the difference of meanvalues is 0.0009.The first method is superior to the indirect method,and is also more convenient.     

氮钾配施对生姜产量和砂姜黑土肥力的效应

研究了淮北平原砂姜黑土地区生姜氮钾配施的增产效应和对土壤养分的影响。结果表 明:氮钾配施可以大幅度提高生姜的产量,施钾的增产幅度,柴姜为15.3%～58.4%,平均增产率 为35.8%;狮子头姜产量提高18.2%～46.9%,平均增产28.7%。增施氮钾肥可有效提高土壤有 机质、全N、有效P、速效K、缓效K、有效Ca和有效Mg含量,降低NO3-盐含量,促使土壤pH趋于 中性,对全P和碱解N含量影响较小。土壤N素和P素大量盈余,不施钾时土壤K亏损严重,施钾 处理土壤钾基本上处于盈余状态,有利于维持和提高土壤肥力。     

板块俯冲带岩浆作用过程的研究

综合分析了板块俯冲带岩浆活动的物质来源、岩浆上涌直至喷出的地球化学过程以及与这些过程相对应的时间尺度等研究的进展,指出了目前研究中存在的主要问题,并建议我国在该领域开展相关的研究中应:1)首先利用独有的地理优势,以处于弧后扩张作用早期的冲绳海槽为研究对象,开展相关的调查与研究;2)积极引进先进的技术手段;3)通过加强国际合作,积极参与国际合作项目,拓展研究领域.     

Impacts of systematic precipitation bias on simulations of water and energy balances in Northwest America

At high latitudes and in mountainous areas, evaluation and validation of water and energy flux simu-lations are greatly affected by systematic precipitation errors. These errors mainly come from topographic effects and undercatch of precipitation gauges. In this study, the Land Dynamics （LAD） land surface model is used to investigate impacts of systematic precipitation bias from topography and wind-blowing on water and energy flux simulation in Northwest America. The results show that topographic and wind adjustment reduced bias of streamflow simulations when compared with observed streamflow at 14 basins. These systematic biases resulted in a -50%-100% bias for runoff simulations, a -20%-20% bias for evapotranspiration, and a -40%-40% bias for sensible heat flux, subject to different locations and adjustments, when compared with the control run. Uncertain gauge adjustment leads to a 25% uncertainty for precipitation, a 20% 100% uncertainty for runoff simulation, a less-than-10% uncertainty for evapotranspiration, and a less-than-20% uncertainty for sensible heat flux.