圆柱涡激振动研究进展与展望

圆柱涡激振动广泛存在于机械工程、海洋工程等诸多领域,研究者们取得了许多研究成果,而系统综述圆柱涡激振动的论文距今已近10 a,因此,有必要对近10 a的研究进展进行系统分析。文中系统地总结了近10 a圆柱涡激振动研究成果,阐述了圆柱涡激振动的尾流模态和其对应的响应分支之间的因果关系,分析了影响圆柱涡激振动的关键因素(如质量比、阻尼比和雷诺数)对涡激振动响应的影响,介绍了圆柱涡激振动最大响应振幅的曲线拟合公式及其局限性,最后对圆柱涡激振动的研究方向提出建议。     

中朝地台东北缘地区的地震层析成像

Based on 38?000 P wave arrival times recorded during the period of 1980 to 1997 in the northeast margin area of Sino Korean platform （117°00′\126°00′E, 36°00′\44°00′N） the 3D velocity structures of the crust and upper mantle have been reconstructed by using orthogonal projection. The tomography results have been proved to be reliable by analyzing and comparing in detail the results with the deep seismic prospecting profiles. It is shown that there exists obvious lateral inhomogeneity in the medium of the crust and upper mantle which is still distinct even at the 120km depth in the northeast margin area of Sino Korean platform. It is reflected clearly in the velocity image of the upper crust that the distribution of all kinds of rock elements corresponds to that of rocks with different nature in this area. Several lower velocity anomaly regions （i.e. regions with velocity reversed layer） have been discovered in the studied area from the velocity images of upper and middle crust, such as Haicheng, Chaoyang?Yixian, south of Dandong, Tangshan etc., among which the lower velocity layers in Haicheng, Tangshan, Chaoyang have also been proved by the deep seismic sounding data. In the area several strong continental earthquakes all happened in crispy medium with higher velocity above lower velocity layers in the crust, whereas in Bohai sea all strong earthquakes happened in positions where the medium velocity changes abruptly and clearly in horizontal. At different depth, Pulandian Shanhaiguan lower velocity anomaly zone across Bohai sea with strike NW has been found. Comparison of the velocity images obtained from 2D seismic tomography with that from deep seismic sounding data, we can consider to gain similar effect with deep seismic sounding by taking advantage of seismic tomography under certain condition in this area.     

考虑人体舒适度的大型火车站房楼盖振动控制研究

近年来,各地纷纷兴建大型火车站房,这类建筑中的楼盖大多为大跨、轻质和低阻尼结构,本文基于人体舒适度考虑,对这些大跨楼盖进行振动舒适度的分析。首先,建立某大型火车站房的整体有限元模型,研究这类建筑中大跨楼盖的振动特性;随后,对楼盖在各种不利工况人群荷载作用下的振动舒适度进行分析;最后,在已有研究的基础上,提出了大跨楼盖多重调谐质量阻尼器（Multiple Tuned Mass Dampers,简称MTMD）减振设计方法。结果表明,利用该方法设计MTMD减振系统,可以有效地控制大跨楼盖的竖向振动,各工况下的平均减振率可达34%,从而使结构在使用时满足人体舒适度的要求。     

《地震工程与工程振动》1995～1999年论文的统计分析

本文对《地震工程与工程振协》１９９５￣１９９９年５年间刊载的论文、作者和引文进行了较全面的统计,运用文献计量学的原理与方法,分析了文献群内存在的数量规律;定量地描述了期刊论文的平均载文量、作者合作度、核心作者和引文情况;对其进行了客观的评价以期为地震工程学科的发展和本刊的发展提供可参考数据。     

环肋椭圆柱壳-流场耦合系统自由振动的解析求解方法

提出了分析环肋椭圆柱壳-流场耦合系统自由振动的一种解析求解方法。环肋通过"刚度均摊"到均质椭圆柱壳体上,考虑流场对壳体振动特性的影响,通过Helmholtz方程描述声介质的波动,建立环肋椭圆柱壳-流场耦合系统的自由振动方程,进而求得耦合系统的自由振动固有频率。为了验证方法的准确性,将水下环肋椭圆柱壳退化成水下环肋圆柱壳和不加肋的水下椭圆柱光壳,两个退化模型的计算结果与已有文献结果吻合良好。并详细讨论了椭圆度、环肋间距等主要参数对耦合系统自由振动特性的影响。     

水平裂隙发育储层垂直井声波测井响应研究

裂隙在地壳中广泛存在,裂隙检测及裂隙油气藏的识别是当前石油勘探与开发中急需解决的难题。在各向同性岩石的背景上,裂隙的存在会导致各向异性。裂隙的形态及发育程度不同,其岩石物理性质及声波测井响应也不同。在Eshelby-Cheng裂隙介质模型的基础上,结合横向各向同性介质实轴积分全波模拟方法,研究了水平裂隙分布介质储层(VTI)声波测井响应特征,模拟了裂隙参数对声波测井的影响。从理论上为利用声波测井方法寻找油气提供了模拟结果根据,也为裂隙储层裂隙参数反演提供了一种有效手段。     

悬跨海底电缆涡激振动特性及疲劳损伤分析

悬跨海底电缆作为细长柔性结构,在静力平衡状态下具有一定的垂度,在水流作用下的涡激振动特性与海底管线和海洋立管等结构也有很大的不同,其振动模态受垂跨比影响很大。通过物理模型试验开展了不同垂跨比下悬跨海缆的涡激振动和疲劳损伤特性研究。试验模型按照水弹性相似准则设计,试验中测量了不同流速下海缆模型产生涡激振动时的应变历时数据,采用模态分析法获得了模型涡激振动时的振动模态和振幅。分析了不同流速下海缆模型的振动模态、应变和疲劳损伤的变化和分布特征。试验结果表明：垂跨比显著影响了海缆的涡激振动模态和应变幅值大小。在本试验流速范围内,对一定长度的悬跨海缆模型,当垂跨比较大时,随着流速的增大,模型涡激振动的主响应振动依次出现反对称1阶和对称1阶模态;当垂跨比较小时,模型涡激振动的主响应模态依次出现反对称1阶和对称2阶模态。当涡激振动主响应模态为反对称1阶时,疲劳损伤最大值达到0. 1~0.7。     

多维Benchmark桥梁结构半主动控制策略

随着大跨度桥梁结构的广泛应用,作为生命线工程之一的桥梁结构振动问题备受关注。结构振动控制作为一种新方法,可以有效的减小结构振动响应。半主动控制只需较少的能量调节便可对最优控制力进行跟踪,进而成为研究的热点。传统的最优控制算法（LQR）需要计算复杂的Riccati方程,具有在线计算时间长等缺点。基于最优控制与计算结构力学之间的模拟理论,引入区段混合能的概念,将Riccati方程转化为区段矩阵的求解,采用水平双向布置MR阻尼器的方法对桥梁结构进行振动控制,考虑了桥梁结构3个方向的平动分量和转动分量,基于哈密顿体系提出了LQR半主动控制策略。最后,对Benchmark桥梁结构模型进行了仿真计算,结果表明:提出的LQR半主动控制策略是有效的。     

振动锤沉拔钢护筒与旋挖钻机钻进的组合应用

振动锤沉拔钢护筒与旋挖钻机钻进工艺相结合,充分发挥了振动锤适用于软土地区各种施工环境和各类桩型,包括陆地、水上、水下的打桩、拔桩、沉箱作业,地下防渗墙、土壤压实优越性,也发挥了旋挖钻机施工速度快的优越性,同时也拓宽了旋挖钻机对软土地区施工的领域,提高了旋挖钻机施工软土地区桩基的效率和质量,为旋挖钻机施工类似地层提供了技术参考和借鉴的经验。     

A general model for analysis of sound radiation from orthogonally stiffened laminated composite plates

A general theoretical model is developed to investigate the sound radiation from an infinite orthogonally stiffened plate under point excitation force. The plate can be metallic or composite, and fluid loading is also considered in the research. The first order shear deformation theory is used to account for the transverse shear deformation. The motion of the equally spaced stiffeners is examined by considering their bending vibrations and torsional movements. Based on the periodic structure theory and the concepts of the equivalent dynamic flexibility of the plate, the generalized vibro-acoustic equation of the model is obtained by applying the Fourier transform method. The generalized model that can be solved numerically is validated by comparing model predictions with the existing results. Numerical calculations are performed to investigate the effects of the location of the excitation, the spacing of the stiffeners, the plate thickness, the strengthening form and the fiber orientation on the sound radiation characteristic of the orthogonaUy stiffened plate, and some practical conclusions are drawn from these parameter studies.