贺吉林省气象局建局五十周年

跨人新世纪，欣逢金秋爽。观气象万千，话五十年沧桑。建局初期，陋室简房。逐艰苦创业，力筑台站网。东临长白山，北越松花江；西濒科尔沁，南赴集安乡。组建地区局，开展服务忙。各项业务重质量。     

近200年桑沟湾养殖海域柱状沉积剖面的污染有机质记录与评价

通过对取自桑沟湾南部和北部养殖海域2个站位的柱状沉积物样品进行TOC和TN测定,分析了桑沟湾沉积物中TOC和TN的分布情况,结合沉积物年代序列的测定,估算了工业革命之前、之中及规模化养殖之后桑沟湾海域沉积物中水生有机碳和总氮的含量,并对近200年来桑沟湾养殖海域有机质沉积情况进行了评价。结果显示:19世纪70年代以前,TOC含量较稳定,TN含量随深度增加而缓慢降低;19世纪70年代至20世纪70年代,TOC,TN含量波动均较大;20世纪70年代以后,TOC含量逐渐减小并趋于稳定,TN含量随养殖规模的扩大显著增加,且扇贝养殖区表层沉积物中TOC,TN的含量均低于海带养殖区。近200年桑沟湾沉积物中有机质来源变化趋势为混源-陆源-混源,近40年来的规模化养殖明显增加了水生有机碳及水生总氮在TOC和TN中所占比例。对桑沟湾沉积物中有机质污染评价结果显示,大规模的养殖活动增加了底质中沉积物TOC和TN的含量,海带筏式养殖对沉积物中的TN造成了一定的累积性自身污染。     

桑沟湾磷循环

The phosphorus cycle is studied during 2013–2014 in the Sanggou Bay(SGB), which is a typical aquaculture area in northern China. The forms of measured phosphorus include dissolved inorganic phosphorus(DIP), dissolved organic phosphorus(DOP), particulate inorganic phosphorus(PIP), and particulate organic phosphorus(POP).DIP and PIP are the major forms of total dissolved phosphorus(TDP) and total particulate phosphorus(TPP),representing 51%–75% and 53%–80%, respectively. The concentrations and distributions of phosphorus forms vary among seasons relative to aquaculture cycles, fluvial input, and hydrodynamic conditions. In autumn the concentration of DIP is significantly higher than in other seasons(P0.01), and higher concentrations are found in the west of the bay. In winter and spring the phosphorus concentrations are higher in the east of the bay than in the west. In summer, the distributions of phosphorus forms are uniform. A preliminary phosphorus budget is developed, and shows that SGB is a net sink of phosphorus. A total of 1.80×10~7 mol/a phosphorus is transported into the bay. The Yellow Sea is the major source of net input of phosphorus(61%), followed by submarine groundwater discharge(SGD)(27%), river input(11%), and atmospheric deposition(1%). The main phosphorus sink is the harvest of seaweeds(Saccharina japonica and Gracilaria lemaneiformis), bivalves(Chlamys farreri),and oysters(Crassostrea gigas), accounting for a total of 1.12×10~7 mol/a. Burial of phosphorus in sediment is another important sink, accounting for 7.00×10~6 mol/a. Biodeposition by bivalves is the major source of phosphorus in sediment, accounting for 54% of the total.     

黔北桑木场背斜灯影组热液白云岩稀土元素地球化学特征

本文利用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪,分析了习水桑木场背斜核部铅锌矿赋矿热液蚀变白云岩的稀土元素组成,并初步探讨了白云岩化与铅锌矿化间的关系。铅锌矿体旁侧工程中白云岩样品的测试显示:有部分样品Zn含量超过200×10-6,具有矿化显示;全部样品∑REE很低(∑REE=0.82～5.96×10-6),具有明显的Ce负异常(δCe=0.37～0.68),除个别有矿化显示的白云岩样品具有正Eu异常(δEu=1.15～2.40)外,其余样品均具有负Eu异常(δEu=0.56～0.80)。在稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分模式图上,全部样品均呈现轻稀土富集特征。综合研究,认为白云岩化热液流体具有轻稀土富集及Eu和Ce负异常特征,而氧化还原环境的变化可能是导致本区铅锌矿化的重要因素。     

题词

正当全国各族人民欢欣鼓舞庆祝伟大的中国共产党建党93周年之际,我们又迎来了厅离退休干部工作处,深入贯彻党的十八大精神,落实厅党组的具体部署,与厅新闻中心在《黑龙江国土资源》杂志上开办《桑榆唱晚》专栏正式开篇,这对丰富我省国土资源系统离退休人员的文化生活,把“老有所学、老有所乐、老有所养、老有所为”和文化养老的要求落到实处,具有积极意义。为此,我们首先向《桑榆唱晚》专栏开篇表示热烈祝贺!     

桑沟湾海冰厚度遥感反演研究

为解决现场调查数据覆盖不足的问题,利用卫星遥感数据(Landsat TM和ETM+)对桑沟湾海域的海冰厚度进行了反演。与Zubov模型计算结果相比,本反演结果与之接近(相关系数0.89)。由遥感影像提取结果看出,桑沟湾海冰厚度随时间和空间变化明显。在轻冰年份,桑沟湾基本无冰。在偏重冰年和重冰年份,桑沟湾出现大量浮冰,并且海冰在水动力和风应力的作用下,呈现由近岸到离岸冰厚不断减小的趋势。重冰年份桑沟湾南侧由于受潮汐和风力推动作用下发生挤压变形,近岸出现平均冰厚较大的海冰(20 cm),桑沟湾中部也出现平均厚度约5~10 cm的海冰。     

基于模糊综合评价的桑沟湾增养殖区富营养化水平分析

文章简要回顾海洋水体富营养化评价方法,探索建立海水养殖区富营养化水平模糊综合评价模型,并就桑沟湾海水养殖区的化学需氧量、无机氮(硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐和氨氮之和)、活性磷酸盐、溶解氧、pH值、叶绿素a等指标进行了不同时段、不同时空的综合评价,系统分析综合评价结果的合理性,与其他富营养化评价方法进行了比较,得出用模糊综合评价方法取得的结果更有利于指导海水养殖生产的结论。     

Environmental Isotopic Characterization of Groundwater and Surface Water in Northeast Missan Province,South Iraq

The present work studies the environmental isotopes assess groundwater characteristics of the different parts of the main aquifer in the northeast Missan Province in south of Iraq.Water samples of groundwater and surface water were collected for two dry and wet seasons during the water year of 2011–2012.The study shows that most of the groundwater in the aquifer falls above the global meteoric water line,and all the samples fall below the Mediterranean meteoric water line,indicating that these samples are a mixture of two water types.The tritium content of these samples supports this conclusion.The overall conclusion of this study indicates that there are two sources of groundwater recharge in the studied area:the ephemeral streams(Teeb and Dewerge) and major precipitation sources.According to the tritium levels at or below one tritium unit(TU) obtained from the water,supply wells are highly confined or "not vulnerable".Overall,the 3H results imply that recent recharge has taken place during the last four to five decades.In the recharge area,the high tritium content in the southern part of the Teeb area suggests that the recharge originates from rapid infiltration of surface runoff.Therefore,the groundwater resources in the study area should be protected from contamination,because it will influence the aquifer in a relatively short period of time if any contamination enters the recharge areas of the aquifer.     

拉萨市堆龙德庆县却桑地区早中三叠世查曲浦组层序厘定及其构造意义

拉萨却桑地区的原早中三叠世查曲浦组由下部碳酸盐岩和上部火山岩组成,下部碳酸盐岩产丰富的化石,时代为早—中三叠世,上部火山岩无古生物和年代学资料,根据叠置关系作为查曲浦组上部,时代也为早—中三叠世,并且成为该地区经典地层层序而被广泛引用。最近在原查曲浦组上部火山岩段玄武质安山岩中获得248Ma±4Ma的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄,厘定原查曲浦组上部火山岩时代为早三叠世,原查曲浦组存在倒转,火山岩段应位于碳酸盐岩段之下,其下与列龙沟组整合过渡,证明该区二叠系与三叠系是连续沉积的,进一步说明早三叠世该区存在岩浆活动。查曲浦组层序的厘定对探讨冈底斯地区构造演化过程具有重要意义。     

川东南桑木场背斜寒武系脉体分形特征及其意义

通过对川东南桑木场背斜寒武系多期脉体野外详细构造特征、几何学特征的勘测,利用分形学研究方法对1200余条(古流体活动)脉体进行综合定量研究表明,寒武系节理脉体主要为限制脉体(层内脉体、层间脉体、断层相关层间脉体)、贯通脉体(隆张成因)两大类,它们具有不同的分形(分维值、变差系数等)特征,反映差异性古流体活动能力。层内脉体厚度分维值D=1.332～2.307,脉体间距呈负指数分布,变差系数Cv=0.7～1.0;层间脉体厚度分维值D=0.995～1.690,脉体间距呈对数正态分布为主,变差系数Cv=0.65～1.00;断层相关层间脉体厚度分维值D=1.048～1.254,脉体间距呈负指数和对数正态分布,变差系数Cv=0.5～0.9;隆张成因贯通脉体厚度分维值D=0.917(1),脉体间距呈幂率分布,变差系数Cv=1.5,流体(跨层)活动能力强。多期脉体具有渗流模型机制扩展生长特性,晚期隆升作用对桑木场背斜地区寒武系古流体活动以及区域保存条件具有至关重要的影响。