Study on the Characteristics of Seismic Activity in the Interior of the Ordos Block

The temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of earthquakes in the Ordos block are studied by using historical earthquake data,instrument data of the regional seismic network around the Ordos block and the historical felt earthquake data,and the relationship between seismicity in the Ordos block and seismicity around the Ordos block is discussed. The result shows that the Ordos block is a typical moderate-strong earthquake active region where many M_S≥5.0 destructive earthquakes have occurred. The temporal and spatial distribution of earthquakes in the Ordos block is asymmetrical. The temporal distribution of earthquakes shows a periodic characteristic and the activity of earthquakes in the southeastern Ordos block is higher than in the northwest Ordos block. The M_S≥5.0 moderate size earthquakes in the Ordos block are controlled by the M_S≥6.0 earthquake around the Ordos block.     

Impacts of water conservancy and soil conservation measures on annual runoff in the Chaohe River Basin during 1961–2005

Taking the Chaohe River Basin above the Miyun Reservoir in North China as a study area, the characteristics and variation trends of annual runoff and annual precipitation during 1961–2005 were analyzed applying Mann-Kendall test method on the basis of the hydrologic data of the major hydrological station (Xiahui Station) located at the outlet of the drainage basin and the meteorological data of 17 rainfall stations. Human activities including water conservancy projects construction and water diversion as well as implementation of soil and water conservation from 1961 to 2005 were carefully studied using time series contrasting method. The referenced period (1961–1980) that influenced slightly by human activities and the compared period (1981–2005) that influenced significantly by water conservancy and soil conservation measures were identified according to the runoff variation process analysis and abrupt change points detection during 1961–2005 applying double accumulative curve method, mean shift t-test method and Mann-Kendall mutation test technique. Based on the establishment of a rainfall-runoff empirical statistical model, impacts and the runoff-reducing effects of water conservancy and soil conservation measures on runoff reduction were evaluated quantitatively. The major results could be summarized as follows: (1) The annual precipitation in the drainage basin tends to decrease while the runoff has declined markedly since the 1960s, the average annual runoff from 1991 to 2000 was only 90.9% in proportion to that from 1961 to 1970. (2) The annual runoff variations in the drainage basin are significantly related to human activities. (3) During 1981–1990, 1991–2000, 2001–2005 and 1981–2005, the average annual runoff reduction amounts were 1.15×10⁸, 0.28×10⁸, 1.10×10⁸ and 0.79×10⁸ m³ respectively and the average annual runoff-reducing effects were 31.99%, 7.13%, 40.71% and 23.79% accordingly. Runoff-reducing effects by water conservancy and soil conservation measures are more prominent in the low water period.     

中国台湾地区与大陆西北地区地震活动对应性探讨

中国台湾地区和大陆西北地区都是破坏性地震活动发生较为频繁的地区.应用数理统计的方法对这两个地区100年来破坏性地震活动的对应关系进行探讨,当台湾地区发生6级以上地震活动后两年内,大陆西北也发生6级以上地震的概率为95.08%;两地7级以上地震活动时间间隔的置信度为90%的区间估计都为2～4年;通过对两地7级以上地震活动时间间隔的相关性分析,可以看出无显著性差异.     

福建九龙江下游NW向断裂带第四纪以来活动特征

通过对福建九龙江下游NW向断裂带断层上覆地层的切割关系、断裂两侧第四纪等时地貌面的差异性变化、浅层地震勘探、断层两侧钻孔探测等资料分析,研究了断裂第四纪以来的活动特征及断裂构造的组合特征.结果表明:(1)郭坑—江东桥断裂(F1)、珠坑断裂(F3)、金峰—大帽山断裂(F7)为早第四纪(Q1-2)断裂;岱山岩—珩坑断裂(F6)的观音山—古湖段为早第四纪(Q1-2)断裂、古湖—洪塘段为晚更新世活动断裂;覆船山—康山断裂(F4)、九龙江(西溪)断裂(F5)为晚更新世早期活动断裂,海沧—钱屿断裂(F2)为晚更新世活动断裂.(2)郭坑—江东桥断裂和金峰—大帽山断裂将本区切割成3个地块,形成了小田坑山地垒、漳州地堑、锅尖山地垒的构造组合形式.漳州地堑再被覆船山—康山断裂和岱山岩—珩坑断裂切割成3个地块,又形成了较小的圆山地垒、九龙江西溪河谷地堑、马鞍山地垒的构造组合形式.     

在实践活动中提升小学生的“水意识”

上海地处江南水乡,到处都有水,因此,在小学生的头脑中很难形成水的危机意识。在开展“长江水学校”项目的过程中我们发现,如果在课堂教学之外适当开展一些实践活动,能有效提高学生的学爿兴趣,从而进一步提高“水教育”的效果。     

内蒙额尔古纳在矿带中生代火山岩浆活动与金属成矿的关系

在岩石学和微量元素地球化学研究的基础上,通过对不同类型矿床的成矿岩体及围岩条件的分析,探讨了中生代火山岩浆活动与金属成矿的关系。认为晚侏罗世火山岩浆活动为成矿提供了有利的围岩的构造空间;早白垩世岩浆活动提供了成矿岩体及热力学条件,该期次火山岩浆的侵入并作用于不同的围岩、形成了由斑岩型Ｃｕ、Ｍｏ矿,浅成熟液型Ａｇ、Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ矿等组成的一系列矿床组合。     

半干旱区植被风沙动力过程耦合研究:Ⅰ.模型

从植被生长和风沙活动之间的相互作用机制出发,建立了植被-风沙动力耦合模型。模型包括生物量动力学方程和风蚀量动力学方程。生物量动力学方程主要考虑了植被生产潜力在植被覆盖地表和非植被覆盖地表上的转化、生物量自身消耗以及风蚀量对生物量的影响;风蚀量动力学方程主要考虑风蚀潜力在流沙地表和非流沙地表上的转化以及生物量对风蚀量的影响。根据我国北方半干旱地区相关研究成果对模型中的参数取值进行了探讨,以便进行模拟和应用研究。     

近70a泾河流域径流变化及其驱动因素研究

定量评价流域径流变化特征并开展其归因识别研究是应对气候变化实现水资源合理开发利用的基础.本研究以泾河流域为研究区,采用M-K检验、滑动t检验、小波分析等方法分析流域近70 a的水文气象要素变化特征,并基于Budyko假设评价气候变化和人类活动对径流变化的贡献率.结果表明:(1)泾河流域年径流深以0.41 mm·a-1的...     

基于SuperMap的三维虚拟校园设计与实现

本文基于SuperMap软件,以山西师范大学校区为例,通过虚拟地表的生成、三维建模、纹理贴图等方法,打破了时空的限制,直观地展现了交互式三维校园场景,实现了校园三维虚拟场景的缩放、旋转、漫游操作等功能,达到了模拟现实的效果,并可作为数字化校园的基础平台,拓展现实校园的时间和空间维度,提升传统数字校园的运行效率,扩展传统...     

河南省国土资源厅举办第42个“世界地球日”主题宣传活动

本刊讯4月22日,河南省国土资源厅在郑州举办以珍惜地球资源,转变发展方式为主题的广场宣传活动。省科协副主席梁留科,省国土资源厅副厅长文茂林,省地质学会理事长段子清,厅总规划师张荣军,以及200余名群众和中学生代表参加了这次活动。