Application of a self adaptive method to the simulation of the tidal front in the Huanghai Sea

A self adaptive three-dimensional baroclinic model is designed. A horizontal temperature gradient is used to control the grid size, which can improve computational precision in the fronts without inordinately increasing computation in the whole area. A simulation of the development and disappearance of the front in the Huanghai Sea is conducted with this model. Simulations of temperature distribution throughout the year are also conducted. The computational result agrees well with the observation.     

消除EMD 边界效应的四中点估计方法

为了快速高效地实现信号的本征模态分解,消除分解过程中边界效应,在 Directly-Mean EMD方法的基础上,通过引入左、右待估中点和左、右延拓中点,并根据信号首尾两端各种可能的情况给出了四中点估计公式,建立了可完全消除边界效应的Directly-Mean EMD四中点估计方法。该方法不仅减少了样条插值次数,提高分解速度,而且还可以有效避免因插值节点过于稀疏所产生的大幅波动,使分解结果更加准确。将新方法应用于日长数据序列的本征模态函数分解,得到了满意的分解结果。     

基于EMD的云南东川蒋家沟泥石流年输沙量多时间尺度分析

基于经验模态分解(EMD)方法,对云南东川蒋家沟泥石流1965年至2004年40年的年输沙量时间序列进行多时间尺度分析,该时间序列分解成3个本征模函数(IMF)分量和趋势项(Res)分量。分析表明：蒋家沟泥石流的年输沙量存在多尺度的周期性波动,分别是2~4 a、6~10 a和17~21 a的准周期。通过对各IMF分量和Res趋势项分析发现,自1985年之后,波动的振幅开始变大,表明蒋家沟泥石流的年输沙量变化很大。降雨对蒋家沟泥石流的年输沙量及周期性波动有一定程度的影响。人类活动改变环境的同时,也为蒋家沟泥石流提供固体物质来源,这使得蒋家沟泥石流的年输沙量周期性波动变得更加复杂。     

Fast and slow responses of the North Pacific mode water and Subtropical Countercurrent to global warming

Six coupled general circulation models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) are employed for examining the full evolution of the North Pacific mode water and Subtropical Countercurrent (STCC) under global warming over 400 years following the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 4.5. The mode water and STCC first show a sharp weakening trend when the radiative forcing increases, but then reverse to a slow strengthening trend of smaller magnitude after the radiative forcing is stablized. As the radiative forcing increases during the 21st century, the ocean warming is surface-intensified and decreases with depth, strengthening the upper ocean’s stratification and becoming unfavorable for the mode water formation. Moving southward in the subtropical gyre, the shrinking mode water decelerates the STCC to the south. After the radiative forcing is stabilized in the 2070s, the subsequent warming is greater at the subsurface than at the sea surface, destabilizing the upper ocean and becoming favorable for the mode water formation. As a result, the mode water and STCC recover gradually after the radiative forcing is stabilized.     

The impact of meso-scale eddies on the Subtropical Mode Water in the western North Pacific

Based on the temperature and salinity from the Argo profiling floats and altimeter-derived geostrophic velocity anomaly (GVA) data in the western North Pacific during 2002–2011, the North Pacific Subtropical Mode Water (NPSTMW) distribution is investigated and cyclonic and anti-cyclonic eddies (CEs and AEs) are constructed to study the influence of their vertical structures on maintaining NPSTMW. Combining eddies identified by the GVA data and Argo profiling float data, it is found that the average NPSTMW thickness of AEs is about 60 dbar, which is thicker than that of CEs. The NPSTMW thicker than 150 dbar in AEs accounts for 18%, whereas that in CEs accounts for only 1%. About 3377 (3517) profiles, which located within one diameter of the nearest CEs (AEs) are used to construct the CE (AE). The composite AE traps low-PV water in the center and with a convex shape in the vertical section. The ‘trapped depth’ of the composite CE (AE) is 300 m (550 m) where the rotational velocity exceeds the transitional velocity. The present study suggests that the anticyclonic eddies are not only likely to form larger amounts of NPSTMW, but also trap more NPSTMW than cyclonic eddies.     

无填充墙基础隔震RC框架在环境激励下的动力特性

对一基础隔震钢筋混凝土框架结构在无填充墙情况下进行了环境激励下的动力测试,重点利用Hilbert-Huang变换与随机减量技术相结合的方法识别了其模态参数,并与随机子空间识别法、有理分式多项式法识别的结果进行了对比。识别结果表明在环境激励下,基础隔震结构的基本周期远小于多遇和罕遇地震工况下设计计算的基本周期;等效黏滞阻尼比很小,近乎于基础固定模型。对隔震层阻尼特性的分析表明,环境激励下可以将基础隔震结构视为经典的比例阻尼系统。进一步以识别的模态参数为基准,采用优化的方法数值反演了环境激励下该结构隔震层的实际水平等效刚度,结果表明其值为多遇地震下计算刚度取值的10.75倍。     

典型高墩大跨混凝土刚构桥模态参数测试

位于云南省鲁甸县的牛栏江大桥是三跨一联(90m+170m+90m)的预应力混凝土刚构桥,混凝土薄壁空心墩高度为128 m,是典型的高墩大跨混凝土刚构桥.为了系统研究该类桥梁的抗震性能,对牛栏江大桥实施了模态测试.通过合理选择传感器和记录器,恰当地布置测点,克服了信号弱、频率低、测点间距大等困难,得到了高质量的反映该桥模态的数据.结合数值分析给出了振型形状,依据实测数据得出该桥的竖向、纵向和横向多阶模态.由于该桥构造上具有横向类似悬臂梁的特点,约束最少,相对薄弱,模态结果证实了这一认识.     

快速滤波本征模态函数分解中的边界处理

针对快速滤波分解信号为本征模态函数(IMF)所产生的边界效应问题,提出了一种抑制这种边界效应的方法。即利用快速滤波先将原信号分解为本征模态函数,然后在信号内部截取适当的两段分别延拓到原信号两端,经快速滤波得到分解结果后,再截去延拓的部分,保留原信号长度的分解结果。通过实例验证了该方法的有效性。     

经验模态与小波分解在光学遥感内波参数提取中的应用

内波遥感参数提取是利用遥感影像研究海洋内波的重要手段,通过提取内波的基本参数可以对海洋内波的生成与传播机制进行进一步的研究。提出了利用经验模态分解、小波分解与高阶多项式拟合从光学影像中提取内波半波宽度的方法。经验模态分解与小波分解对内波剖面数据进行尺度分解,根据归一化方差最大来提取内波分量;多项式拟合基于内波剖面的亮暗条纹变化完全由内波调制的假设,对数据进行拟合,并根据一阶导数来提取半波宽度。用南海北部东沙岛附近2004年7月10日的中-巴资源卫星(China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite,CBERS)影像对方法进行了验证。结果表明,3种方法能较好地提取所需参数,获取的内波半波宽度具有较好的一致性;上述方法在处理非平稳及非线性遥感数据上,具有非常明显的优势。基于一维非线性内波理论,通过提取的内波半波宽度,辅以水深和混合层深度数据,反演了内波的振幅。     

1990年代中期南海季风系统年代际转型模态的时空特征

利用1979—2007年的CMAP降水、HadISST的海表面温度数据和NCEP的850 hPa风场数据,应用多变量联合季节经验正交分解(MV-SEOF)方法,研究了南海季风系统的前两个主模态特征,发现一个模态是厄尔尼诺/南方涛动（ENSO）模态,一个是在1990年代中期的年代际转型模态。区域敏感性试验发现南海季风系统的1990年代中期的年代际转型在去除南海热带区域(105~125 °E,5~25 °N)的范围内是最显著的,年代际转型模态出现在MV-SEOF的第一模态中,且主要体现在“季风年”季节循环顺序的MV-SEOF中;而变换其它纬度和经度以及非“季风年”季节循环顺序时,ENSO模态出现在第一模态中,同时年代际转型信号都会减弱并出现在第二模态中。南海季风系统的年代际转型反映了南海局地季风型海-气耦合系统的特征,其中南海局地海表面温度（SST）的年代际变化表现出对全球变暖的响应特征,而南海局地的海-气耦合作用则起到了“放大器”的作用,使南海中北部SST的年代际信号强化并影响到整个季风系统中。