“第34届国际水文地质大会”即将在京召开

水文地质学作为与国民经济发展密切相关的应用学科，在世界各国水资源调查、保护和管理方面发挥着重要的支撑作用。2006年是国际水文地质学家协会（IAH）成立五十周年。因此，2006年10月09日-2006年10月13日国际水文地质学家协会和中国国土资源部将在北京市联合举办“第34届国际水文地质大会”。这将是继1988年中国在桂林市成功举办“第21届国际水文地质大会”之后，再次在中国举办国际水文地质大会。     

Possibility of degradation of phenylarsonic acid in the presence of ferrihydrite

Although inorganic species are predominant in natural systems, but there are many kinds of organoarsenic species such as methylated and phenylated arsenic compounds. Phenylarsonic acid （PA） is a degradation product of organoarsenics used for chemical warfare agents, which has been detected in well water at the disposal site of the agents in Japan. There are few reports studying behavior of PA in soil. In this study, PA was adsorbed onto ferrihydrite and its chemical forms were determined using high performance liquid chromatography connected to inductivity-coupled plasma mass spectrometry （HPLC-ICP-MS）. 100 mg/kg of PA was mixed with 0.03 g of 2-line ferrihydrite. For each suspension, pH was adjusted by HNO3 or NaOH. Each sample was incubated for more than 19 hours and the final pH was measured. After filtration, the chemical form of arsenic in the filtrate was measured using HPLC-ICP-MS. In addition, ferrihydrite separated by filtration was dissolved by 3 ml of 0.5 M HCI and the arsenic species in the solution was detected by HPLC-ICP-MS （column： Tosoh TSKgel SuperlC-AP, eluent： 0.01 M HNO3）. It was verified that PA is not degraded by heating in 0.5 M HCl solution. At pH 3.1, any arsenic compounds were not detected from the solution, because almost all arsenic species were adsorbed onto ferrihydrite at lower pH. At pH= 12, however, 7%-10% of inorganic arsenic was detected in the solution. In solid phase, there are some problems to determine the precise ratio of inorganic and organic species. When the solution includes Fe ion at 0.01 M level, the retention time of arsenic species drifted compared to those in standard solution, which makes it difficult to determine precisely the arsenic species adsorbed on ferrihydrite. Therefore, more study is needed to determine the ratio of inorganic and organic species in the system.     

Overcoming flood and desiccation made by implementing artificial recharge toward absorption reservoir

Flood and desiccation are perceived as two most critical and influential disasters which contradict between causes and consequences. Flood occurs when the water surface could no longer flow the whole water flow, thus, the water flooded. Contradicted to that, desiccation occurs when the water flow contains a low volume of water deposit, thus, the water requirement exceeds the available potential. That condition was caused by land utilization as the consequences due to the increased land requirement for housing or industrial needs. An attempt to overcome the flood, nowadays, is implemented mostly in a structural way, through building canals, implementing rivers normalization, building gateways or building flood control pump which are more directed toward the flood direction in order to increase the surface flow in an immediate maner to the sea. However, the effort to overcome the flood its self, could be more effective if followed by an effort to increase the soil ability to absorb natural recharge or artificial recharge or by refilling the water into the earth surface. Absorption reservoir used as one of technology alternatives （artificial recharge） could also be used to support the attempt to overcome flood and desiccation. Absorption reservoir is a dam which was designed according to the basic principles, such as the bottom surface of the reservoir that has a high permeability surface; the surface of the reservoir water is higher （higher aquifer） along with a high permeability, considering the availability of water source that has been absorbed and its quality; considering the aquifer category on the water absorption dam;     

Early diagenesis of nurtrients （C, N, P and Si） stored in sediments of two reservoirs in southwestern China

Damming is a common anthropogenic intervention along the course of rivers, which is defined as ＂artificial-lake effect＂, both in China and across the world. Today as many as 48000 dams and/or reservoirs are in operation in the Changjiang River （Yangtze River） drainage area, and more are being constructed. While damming is well known to affect riverbome nutrient loads, and thus the riverine ecosystems owing to removal of carbon fixation, and removal of particles in reservoir sediments, there is limited information on the detailed early diagenesis of sediments in reservoirs including the regeneration processes of nutrients deposited in sediments and exchange flux across the sediment-water interface, which is important for mass balance of riverbome nutrients. In the present study, two large-size reservoirs, Wujiangdu Reservoir （WJDR） and Dongfeng Reservoir （DFR）, located on the main steam of the Wujiang River and with uniformity hydrography and discrepancy biogeochemical activity （e. g. primary production）, were selected for a comparative study on the detailed processes of nutrient regeneration. Water, pore water and sediment were sampled from these two reservoirs and dissolved organic carbon （DOC）, NH4^＋, NO3^-, PO4^3-, dissolved silica （DSi） in the overlying water and pore water, and total organic matter in sediments were determined. The results of correlation analysis suggested that in these two reservoirs, processes of nutrient regeneration near the sediment-water interface were significantly different. As a result of rapid decomposition of algae-derived ＂labile＂ organic matter in upper sediments, nutrient regeneration processes and upward fluxes in WJDR are dramatically stronger than those of DFR. NH4^＋ upward flux from sediment in WJDR was about 17 times higher than that in DFR. PO4^3- flux in WJDR is about 13 times above that in DFR. DOC flux in WJDR is larger that in DFR by 5 times, and DSi by 1 time.     

Effect of particles on the photodegradation of PAHs in natural waters-A case study for the Yellow River

Photodegradation of chrysene, benzo （a） pyrene and benzo （g, h, i） perylene in natural water of the Yellow River was studied using simulation sunlight. The effects of particulates on the photodegradation were explored. Several results arose from this study. （1） The photodegradation of PAHs can be fitted with first-order kinetics when no particulate exists in water system, and the first-order constant increases with decreasing of initial concentration of PAHs. The photodegradation rates of the three PAHs are related to their molecule absorption spectrum. （2） The existence of loess exerts two kinds of effects on the photodegradation of PAHs, including the inner filter effects and the photosensitizing effects of humic substance in loess. These two contrary effects lead to the difference of net effects among different contents of loess. When the loess contents are 0.1 and 5.0 g/L, the existence of loess stimulates the photodegradation of chrysene, benzo （a） pyrene. When the loess content is 5.0 g/L, the existence of loess stimulates the photodegradation of benzo （g, h, i） perylene. In addition, the photodegradation of PAHs can be fitted with the second-order kinetics when there is loess in the water system. （3） The soluble humic substances in loess can accelerate the photodegradation of PAHs while the in soluble part cannot. （4） Since the soluble humic substances in the suspended solids of the river have been dissolved in water,     

Water chemical behavior at Yangtze （Changjiang） River estuary

Geochemical cycling has received wide attention due to the need to understand the pathways of pollutants through our present environment. In this regard the Yangtze River plays a significant role in putting those pollutants into the East China SeafWorld Oceans. The Yangtze River is of high sedimentation rate and water discharge. The watershed covers variable climate regions from temperate to subtropical and from semiarid to humid. Twenty three （23） sampling locations at the estuary have been selected for understanding the dynamic relationships. The elements （Cl^-, SO4^2-, Na^＋, K^＋, and Ca^2＋） show conservative behavior during mixing of fresh water with saline water whereas Mg^2＋, Mn^2＋ show a non-conservative pattern . The relationships between Na^＋/SO4^2- and Cl^-/SO4^2- molar ratios show a mixing of more than two water sources.     

吉林伊通盆地莫里青断陷古近系双阳组储集层成岩作用研究

古近系双阳组是在吉林省伊通盆地莫里青断陷中，油气赋存的主要层位,储层主要为湖底扇和扇三角洲的砂体。依据双阳组储层的大量薄片、扫描电镜、粘土矿物分析的资料研究了该储集层的成岩作用。研究结果表明双阳组储集层：成岩作用经历了压实、压溶、胶结、交代和溶解6方面的作用。双储集层中的自生粘土矿物蒙皂石向伊利石转化具有明显的特征：主要演化过程经历了蒙皂石渐变带，第一迅速转化带和第二迅速转化带，相应的成岩作用阶段可划分为早成岩阶段B期、晚成岩阶段A1期和晚成岩阶段A2期。依据在垂向上的成岩变化,建立了莫里青断陷双阳组储集层的成岩作用演化序列。在垂向上成岩作用的类型和强度均存在明显的差异，造成了储层物性的垂向分带。     

二六四大队把学习贯彻党章任务落到实处

四月份以来，二六四大队党委在全队党员中开展了新一轮的学习党章活动，要求全队党员充分认识学习党章的重大意义，进一步增强学习党章的自觉性和坚定性，突出重点、采取有效措施，认真组织开展学习党章的专题教育活动，把学习贯彻党章的各项任务落到实处，并融人到先进性教育活动巩固、扩大整改成果的“回头看”工作中去。为组织好学习，大队党办用3000元党费购买了200本《新党章学习问答200题》，发放到每一名在职党员和退休职工党支部的每一个党小组中，对每一阶段的学习进行了具体安排，并于7月份以党章（含时事）知识竞赛的形式对全队学习党章的活动进行测试和检查。     

一种基于梯度信息的小波SAR图像滤波方法

提出一种基于梯度的自适应小波滤波方法.这种算法利用梯度和纹理信息控制阈值的选取,使滤波器在平坦区域能够有效去除噪声、在边缘区域有效保持边缘.应用于SAR图像斑点噪声滤波,并与增强Lee,Frost滤波,Gamma MAP滤波和Kuan滤波几种算法的结果进行比较分析,表明这种算法不仅能有效去除斑点噪声还能很好地保持图像的边缘等细节信息.     

充分发挥行政复议监督作用 促进国土资源管理工作——在国土资源部行政复议委员会全体会议上的讲话

今天,我们召开部行政复议委员会全体会议。刚才,大家听取了法规司对2004年以来我部的行政复议与行政应诉工作情况的汇报。近两年来,在部党组的高度重视和行政复议委员会的领导下,我部的行政复议工作开展顺利,很有成效。下面,我就2004年以来我部的行政复议工作和如何做好今后行政复议工作,讲几点意见。一、发挥行政复议的作用,推进依法行政去年国务院发布的《全面推进依法行政实施纲要》对行政复议工作提出了新的具体要求:一是要求完善行政监督制度和机制,强化对行政行为的监督;二是要求行政机关认真贯彻《行政复议法》,加强行政复议工作;三…