苓甘五味姜辛汤加减治疗寒饮停肺型慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期30例

目的：观察苓甘五味姜辛汤加减治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期寒饮停肺证的临床疗效。方法：将慢性阻塞性疾病急性加重期寒饮停肺证患者60例随机分为2组各30例。对照组采用西医常规治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上加苓甘五味姜辛汤加减治疗,疗程均为2周。观察2组综合疗效、肺功能改善情况及临床症状积分。结果：总有效率治疗组为93.3%,对照组为86.7%,2组比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。2组临床症状积分及肺功能治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：苓甘五味姜辛汤加减治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期寒饮停肺证有较好的临床疗效。     

广盐性鱼类渗透压适应性与生理可塑性机制研究

拥有强大的渗透压调节能力对广盐性鱼类的生存至关重要。目前,关于鱼类渗透压调节机制已有不少研究,但均存在较大的局限性。本文从广盐性鱼类渗透压信号转导机制、渗透胁迫的细胞调控机制、渗透调控的内分泌调节机制和无机离子通道和转运蛋白介导的渗透调控等方面对广盐性鱼类的渗透压适应性和生理可塑性机制进行分析,以期从分子、细胞、通路和生理等层次初步探索广盐性鱼类盐度胁迫后的可塑性表型变化和不同盐度条件下的应答机制,为广盐性鱼类的渗透压调节机制的深入研究奠定基础。对广盐性鱼类渗透压适应性与生理可塑性机制研究,有助于研究其环境适应机理,促进野生鱼种的人工化养殖以及新品种的育种从而提高经济效益、社会效益和生态效益,对促进水产养殖学进步以及养殖业的发展具有重要意义,同时,为研究广盐性鱼类的渗透压调节机制开辟新的研究方向。     

斜带髭鲷(Hapalogenys nitens)血细胞发生及外周血细胞化学染色观察

通过Wright-Giemsa染色对斜带髭鲷[Hapalogenys nitens (Richardson)]的头肾、体肾、脾脏、肝脏四组织涂片、印片的观察,发现其头肾、体肾、脾脏是其主要的造血器官。头肾能发育生成各类型血细胞,体肾能生成红细胞和粒细胞,脾脏能生成淋巴细胞和红细胞。肝脏中未发现幼稚型血细胞。血细胞发生大致经过原始、幼稚和成熟三个阶段。细胞化学染色显示:外周血细胞中,除淋巴细胞外,均有糖原;嗜中性粒细胞含有ACP、ALP、NACE、αNAE和POX;嗜酸性粒细胞含有ACP、NACE和POX;单核细胞含有ACP、αNAE和POX;小淋巴细胞有ACP。研究发现斜带髭鲷是一种抗病能力较强的鱼类。血细胞组织化学染色可作为斜带髭鲷疾病诊断的辅助手段。     

Development and characterization of a cell line from the embryos of half smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis)

A new cell line,CSEC,has been successfully established from embryos at gastrula stage of a cultured marine fish,half smooth tongue sole(Cynoglossus semilaevis).CSEC cells grow actively and stably more than 50 passages for over 200 d in DMEM medium supplemented with 15% FBS(fetal bovine serum),2.5 ng/cm 3 bFGF(basic fibroblast growth factor),1 ng/cm 3 LIF(leukemia inhibitory factor) and 50 mmol/dm 3 2-ME(2-mecaptoethanol).The cells grew well in the temperature range of 24-30 ℃ and the optimal growth temperature was 24℃.FBS and bFGF concentrations are the two key components for CSEC cells proliferation.Chromosome analysis reveals that CSEC cells have a normal diploid karyotype with 2n=42t.The significant fluorescent signals were observed in CSEC after transfection with the GFP reporter gene,suggesting that the CSEC cell line can be used as a useful tool for transgenic and genetic manipulation studies.CSEC cells showed the cytopathic effect(CPE) after infection with lymphosystis disease virus(LCDV) in 2 d.Moreover,the LCDV particles can be observed in the cytoplasm of virus-infected cells by electron microscopy.It suggests that CSEC could be potentially used for the study of aquatic virus.     

Distribution and germination of viable diatom resting stage cells in sediments of the East China Sea

The abundance and temporal patterns of viable diatom resting stage cells in sediments of the East China Sea in 2006 have been investigated. The abundance of viable resting stages was enumerated with the most probable number (MPN) technique. Overall, 25 diatom species (including varieties) belonging to 16 genera were detected. Viable resting stage cells were common, on the order of 10³ to 10⁶ cells/g dry mass. The abundant taxa included Skeletonema marina, S. dohrnii, Chaetoceros curvisetus and Thalassiosira spp., with Skeletonema accounting for 83.3% of the cell. The effects of temperature (10, 15, 20, 25℃), salinity (20, 25, 30, 35 psu) and light intensity (0, 300, 4 000, 8 000 lux) on the germination of resting stages in sediment samples were also determined. The results showed that light intensity had a significant positive effect on the germination of diatom resting stage cells (p <0.01) and that diatoms could not germinate in darkness. Temperature and salinity had no noticeable effects on the germination. The present study suggests that there are abundant diatom resting cells in sediments of the East China Sea, which could serve as a "seed bank" in the phytoplankton population succession and contribute to the initiation of algal blooms.     

凋亡细胞的吞噬清除

吞噬清除是后生动物大多数凋亡细胞的共同命运。凋亡细胞如果不被有效及时清除,它们就会发生次级的细胞坏死,细胞核膜和细胞核裂解,细胞解体,释放出有毒内容物,导致严重炎症和狼疮样自身免疫疾病的发生。据估计人体内每天有上亿个细胞凋亡而死,但用组化方法只能检测到极少数凋亡细胞,说明人体对凋亡细胞清除效率很高。新近,对凋亡细胞吞噬清除分子机制的研究取得长足进展。本文主要就吞噬信号及其识别、传导和凋亡细胞的吞噬作简要概述。     

科技看点

<正>考古Archaeology西域神秘木乃伊可能来自欧洲考古学家通过DNA分析,揭示出西藏北部沙漠区域所发现木乃伊的神秘来源中国考古学家在西藏北部靠近新疆的沙漠区域发掘出一个不同寻常的墓地,墓主人死于4000年前。由于沙漠地区极其特殊的干燥环境条件,墓主人的尸体保存极为完好,并且已经被风干成为常常被人们冠以传奇色彩的"木乃伊"。     

带断层的细胞自动机模型及算法复杂性

用带断层的细胞自动机模型模拟地震活动, 得到一些具有普适性的结果。证实地震活动具有某些有序性, 说明断层的存在及相互位置都对地震活动总体特征有明显的影响, 并用自组织临界状态理论解释了模型各演化阶段的特征, 最后用算法复杂性分析了模型所产生的序列, 初步表明算法复杂性AC可以用作地震活动图象及其演化的研究。      

用细胞自动机模拟雪花

雪花是自然界的增长现象,它具有复杂的树枝状形态。我们利用细胞自动机模型在计算机上模拟出许多种类的雪花图象,反映出实际雪花生长的一些物理过程。 “奇偶规则”考虑到水汽冻结时要释放大量潜热这个物理特点,“限制规则”和“优先规则”考虑到水汽扩散到冰晶表面要选择不同的着陆位置这个物理特点。 所有模拟出的雪花和实际观测到的雪花非常相似,且具有分数维的形式。 看来,细胞自动机是模拟像雪花那样在耗散非线性动力系统中所出现的复杂形态的有力工具。