Effects of dietary carbohydrates sources on lipids compositions in abalone, Haliotis discus hannai Ino

A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary carbohydrates on triglyceride, cholesterol and fatty acid concentrations in abalone, Haliotis discus hannai Ino. Six semi-purified diets with different carbohydrates (dextrin, heat-treated wheat starch, wheat starch, corn starch, tapioca starch and potato starch, respectively), all containing a carbohydrate level of 33.5%, were fed to abalone (initial shell length: 29.98 mm ± 0.09 mm; initial weight: 3.42 g ± 0.02 g) for 24 weeks in a recirculation system. The results indicate that serum triglyceride concentrations were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the abalone fed with dextrin, heat-treated wheat starch and wheat starch than those fed with corn starch, and serum cholesterol concentrations were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the abalone fed with dextrin, heat-treated wheat starch than those fed with corn starch. Fatty acid C20:4n-6 in the foot muscles were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the abalone fed with dextrin than those fed with wheat starch, corn starch, tapioca starch and potato starch. Fatty acid C20:4n-6 in hepatopancreas was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in abalone fed with heat-treated wheat starch than those fed with corn starch, tapioca starch and potato starch. Fatty acid C22:6n-3 in the foot muscles were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the abalone fed with dextrin and heat-treated wheat starch than those fed with wheat starch and potato starch.     

孟州两万亩小麦“笑迎春风”

2月上旬,在孟州市南庄镇驸马庄村采访时,正在浇地的张大爷兴奋地告诉笔者：“别看今年大旱,俺家的地一点儿也不受影响,第二遍水都快浇完了。这要感谢你们土地局,把‘活儿’都做到点儿上了。”     

创新之路，在希望的田野上拓展……——河南省构建耕地保护科学保障机制纪实

5月10日至12日,中共中央政治局常委、国务院总理温家宝到河南南阳视察,了解当地的粮食生产和粮食储备情况,并饱含深情地对农民说：“一路上看到小麦就要丰收,我十分高兴,我要感谢你们!河南连续四年高产,去年小麦产量达到580多亿斤,粮食总产量超过了1000亿斤,给国家的粮食安全做出了大贡献。俗话说得好啊,手中有粮,心中不慌……当前,整个国际上粮食供应趋紧,我们中国有13亿人,都需要粮食,靠谁？就靠你们！我感谢你们！”     

小麦赤霉病发生规律及防治

适宜的风力、雨日及雨量、温度是小麦赤霉病分生孢子传播和萌发的必需条件.受气候条件影响,平舆县小麦赤霉病发生流行在4月下旬～5月上旬.据此,根据4月中旬～5月上旬中长期降水及温、湿度预报,作出小麦赤霉病是否发生及发生程度的预报,根据发病预报趋势,采取相应的防治措施.     

豫南稻区小麦产量及其构成因素的气候生态评价

从农业气候生态角度分析了影响豫南稻区小麦产量及其构成因素的气候因子,结果表明,对豫南稻区小麦生产影响最大的气候因子是涝灾。由于降水冬前比冬后变化大,常出现生育前期旱涝和中后期湿害。因此,建议在选用小麦品种时,一要注重早熟性,二要注意产量三要素协调、丰产性好,三要有配套的耕作栽培技术。     

小麦生长模拟模型软构件在VC^＋＋中的实现

小麦生长模拟模型软构件主要是模拟小麦生长的环境和模拟人为因素（如施肥、灌溉等）对小麦生长的影响。主要论述此软构件在ＶＣ＾＋＋软件平台上的具体实现过程,包括方案设计、程序实现和技术解析。     

旱作水稻稻茬小麦增产栽培技术研究

水稻稻茬小麦因水稻收获晚、适耕期短、整地困难、播种质量差等因素的影响,很难适期播种,加之水稻稻茬土壤板化,理化性状差,导致稻茬小麦的单产长期低而不稳,在200kg上下徘徊。为改变这一现状,我们提出了以旱作水稻替代水稻,并进行试验研究。结果表明,旱作水稻比水稻早熟10天,并能调整土壤理化性状,旱作水稻稻茬小麦比水稻稻茬小麦增产100kg。     

气候变化对山东省潘庄灌区冬小麦生长的影响(英文)

Global climate change has significant impacts on agricultural production.Future climate change will bring important influences to the food security.The CERES-Wheat model was used to simulate the winter wheat growing process and production in Panzhuang Irrigation District(PID) during 2011-2040 under B2 climate scenario based on the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios(SRES) assumptions with the result of RCMs(Regional Climate Models) projections by PRECIS(Providing Regional Climates for Impacts Studies) system introduced to China from the Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research.The CERES-Wheat model was calibrated and validated with independent field-measured growth data in 2002-2003 and 2007-2008 growing season under current climatic conditions at Yucheng Comprehensive Experimental Station(YCES),Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).The results show that a significant impact of climate change on crop growth and yield was noted in the PID study area.Average temperature at Yucheng Station rose by 0.86℃ for 1961-2008 in general.Under the B2 climate scenario,average temperature rose by 0.55℃ for 2011-2040 compared with the baseline period(1998-2008),which drastically shortened the growth period of winter-wheat.However,as the temperature keep increasing after 2030,the top-weight and yield of the winter wheat will turn to decrease.The simulated evapotranspiration shows an increasing trend,although it is not very significant,during 2011-2040.Water use efficiency will increase during 2011-2031,but decrease during 2031-2040.The results indicate that climate change enhances agricultural production in the short-term,whereas continuous increase in temperature limits crop production in the long-term.     

2008年气象条件对黄泛区小麦生长发育的影响分析

通过对2008年度小麦生育期气候条件的分析和河南主栽小麦品种主要性状的比较表明:2008年度小麦生育期间,平均气温高于常年0.5 ℃,日照时数偏少83.4 h,降水偏少10.1 mm.全生育期表现为播种时气温偏低,冬前气温偏高,雨水偏少;越冬期雨雪明显偏多,时间偏长,无明显低温冻害;春性品种干旱高温,小麦苗期生长偏弱,春性品种两极分化提前,后期多风雨,倒伏严重,黑胚和萌动率高,小麦亩成穗数减少,穗粒数持平,千粒重增加,属减产年份.2008年气象条件较适合小麦春性品种生长,对不同的半冬性品种影响略有不同.     

川中丘陵水旱轮作土壤—小麦系统CO2排放及其影响因素

利用静态箱／气相色谱法对川中丘陵区水旱轮作区的小麦进行全生长季CO2排放观测。结果表明：①土壤-小麦系统的CO2排放通量存在着明显的日变化。凌晨 4：00～6：00排放量最低，随着温度的升高，CO2的排放量逐渐增大，在午后 1：00～3：00达到峰值。分析表明，气温和地表温度与土壤-小麦系统CO2排放通量之间存在显著的相关关系。②土壤-小麦系统CO2排放都有明显的季节变化。分析表明，小麦生物量和气温与土壤-小麦系统CO2排放季节变化之间存在显著的相关关系。③在小麦各个生育期中，CO2平均排放通量常规处理＞无氮处理＞空白＞裸地。水旱轮作区小麦常规处理、无氮处理、空白点和裸地的CO2排放通量的平均值分别为574．51、362．23、 239．91、129．47 m g／（ m 2· h）。