酶解法辅助提取布渣叶总黄酮的工艺优选

目的：优选酶解法辅助提取布渣叶总黄酮的工艺条件。方法：以总黄酮提取率为指标,采用单因素试验、正交试验法,分别考察酶种类、酶用量、pH值、酶解时间及乙醇浓度对提取工艺的影响。结果：最佳工艺条件为复合酶（纤维素酶∶果胶酶=1∶1）用量1%,乙醇浓度60%,酶解1h,总黄酮提取率为20.90%,较未经酶解法提高了4.85%。结论：优选的工艺简单高效,为布渣叶总黄酮的开发利用提供了实验依据。     

海螵蛸与其近似基原品种的鉴别研究

目的：探讨海螵蛸与其近似基原品种的鉴别特征。方法：参考已有生药鉴别,以及乌贼科权威分类学文献,在对来源准确实物标本观察和记录的基础上,结合体式显微及成像技术,对海螵蛸药典品——金乌贼和无针乌贼,与近似基原品种——白斑乌贼和目乌贼,进行了较为深入的形态鉴别研究,归纳总结了适用于药材和饮片的鉴别特征,并制定了检索表。结果：海螵蛸《药典》品与其近似基原品种在背面的纵肋、腹面的纵槽、横层纹的峰形等形态特征上存在明显差异。结论：通过本次实验研究,补充完善了海螵蛸与其近似基原品种的重要鉴别特征,为海螵蛸的监督检验和标准制订提供了参考。     

内湾沉积物生物硅化学测定法的实验条件探讨

对国内外已经建立的几种生物硅的测定方法进行简要的评述,并详细地对内湾沉积物中生物硅化学提取法的条件选取进行实验探讨,对低生物硅含量的内湾沉积物测定提出了较优的条件。     

构建极地“三大平台” 推动“数字极地”建设——908专项“数字海洋”极地研究中心节点成果与应用

<正>极地科学数据作为极地科学考察活动所产生的原始性、基础性数据及其实验分析研究结果,具有重要的科学价值、经济价值和社会价值。我国极地科学考察和研究持续开展了20多年,采集了大量极地科学数据,这些数据是国家花费大量的     

不同结构林带防风效能风洞模拟

防风林带结构是影响防风效能的主要因素。建立不同宽度、不同株行距林带防风效能与林带后距离之间的统计模型,可以为防风林建设提供指导性意见。通过风洞实验,在11 m·s^-1风速下,对4种宽度、5种株行距林带的背风面0~10H（H为林带高度）的风速进行测定,采用曲线参数估计法、傅立叶模型、SSF模型（Sum of Sin Functions）,构建了不同结构林带防风效能与林带后距离间的统计模型。结果表明：傅立叶模型拟合不同宽度林带的防风效能与林带后距离的关系效果最优,可决系数（R²）均在98%以上;SSF模型拟合不同株行距林带的防风效能与林带后距离的关系效果最优（R²>0.98）。根据构建的统计模型,风速为11 m·s^-1左右时,林带宽度8 m（两行一带）的防风林的防风效能存在明显优势;5种株行距的林带中,株行距为8 m×8 m的防风林带本试验条件下防风效果最好。     

ICP-MS法测定饮用水中的金属元素

随着对饮用水水质要求的不断提高,卫生防疫部门对饮用水中金属元素检测项目越来越多,对检测方法的灵敏度和检出限的要求也越来越高。传统的分光光度法、原子荧光法、原子发射光谱法等都各有其优点,但受样品前处理的复杂局限性不能进行多组分或多元素同时分析以及仪器的灵敏度或检测限达不到指标要求等等,因此,这些方法都不能很好的满足目前的实际要求。     

Experimenta l study on ultrasonic propagation in water-based bentonite slurry

Drilling fluid is a common flushingmedium used in pile foundation, geological drilling and petroleum drilling. Study on ultrasonic propagation properties in drilling fluid is of vital importance, not only for developing equipments to non-contact measuring concrete casting level for bored pile, but also for developing equipments considering drilling fluid as signal channel. The existence of clay particlesmakes the ultrasonic propagation and attenuation in drilling fluid much different from pure water. In order to know the relation among ultrasound frequency, slurry density and depth, a series of laboratory experiments about ultrasound propagation in water-based bentonite slurry were finished. Wavelet method was adopted to process the gained original waves of ultrasonic propagation in slurry, so we knew the velocity and attenuation coefficient of ultrasound propagated in different drilling fluids with different density. The first group experiments shows that with density of drilling fluid increase, ultrasonic velocity will decrease but attenuation coefficient will increase if ultrasonic frequency keep constant. The second group experiments shows that the power of ultrasound will intensify in small bore hole, the attenuation coefficient ismuch smaller than theoretical value.     

Nonlinear numerical simulation on extreme-wave kinematics

A fully nonlinear numerical model based on a time-domain higher-order boundary element method (HOBEM) is founded to simulate the kinematics of extreme waves. In the model, the fully nonlinear free surface boundary conditions are satisfied and a semi-mixed Euler-Lagrange method is used to track free surface; a fourth-order Runga-Kutta technique is adopted to refresh the wave elevation and velocity potential on the free surface at each time step; an image Green function is used in the numerical wave tank so that the integrations on the lateral surfaces and bottom are excluded. The extreme waves are generated by the method of wave focusing. The physical experiments are carried out in a wave flume. On the horizontal velocity of the measured point, numerical solutions agree well with experimental results. The characteristics of the nonlinear extreme-wave kinematics and the velocity distribution are studied here.     

中国七个产地卤虫卵的生物学测定

为深入了解卤虫卵生物学测定值与其品系间的相关性,选择青海尕海、新疆阿其克库勒湖、山西解池、山东埕口盐场、西藏 ( 具体地点不详 )、新疆鲸鱼湖以及西藏拉果错湖共 7 个品系的卤虫卵,进行了干卵、水合卵、脱壳卵卵径及卵亚壳层厚度的测定.统计结果显示卵径及卵的颜色与海拔高度密切相关,高海拔地区卤虫卵径大、颜色深;卤虫卵径的大小与其成体的生殖方式似乎无直接关联;以卤虫卵亚壳层厚度及卤虫卵径为依据的 Q-聚类结果一致,其中西藏、新疆鲸鱼湖、新疆阿其克库勒湖、以及西藏拉果错湖卤虫卵为一组,山西解池、山东埕口盐场、及青海尕海卤虫卵为一组.卤虫卵亚壳层厚度及卤虫卵径与卤虫品系之间均存在相关性.