日本“3·11”海啸引起的乐清湾共振研究

本文基于TELEMAC-2D模型建立太平洋区域海啸传播模型,模拟2011年日本“3·11”海啸事件下海啸波的传播。使用实测数据对该模型进行验证,在模型验证良好的基础上分析日本“3·11”海啸事件对乐清湾的影响。通过频谱分析得到“3·11”海啸激发的乐清湾内240、180和103 min这3个主导模态的幅值及其相位。通过白噪声实验对乐清湾的固有共振特征进行估算,进一步支持了乐清湾在上述3个模态发生共振这一结论。白噪声实验还表明,海啸等海洋灾害发生时会在乐清湾湾顶及湾口处产生较大的增水,该结论对乐清湾内海洋灾害风险防范具有指导意义。     

海底玄武岩中次生组分HCl溶解实验研究

次生组分沉淀是海底岩石中普遍存在的现象,次生组分去除是减少次生组分干扰、获取海底岩石高质量数据的关键。选择西太平洋麦哲伦海山区MK海山相对新鲜的玄武岩作为研究对象,经研磨、均一化后将粉末样品分为49份,其中48份分别以0.25,0.50,1.00,1.50,2.00,2.50 mol/L六种浓度的足量HCl溶解0.5,1,2,4,8,16,32和64 h后,选取溶解残渣测定主要氧化物和特征微量元素质量分数,确定HCl溶解法在去除次生组分的同时不会对海底新鲜玄武岩中原生组分造成影响的HCl浓度-时间组合。结果表明,在HCl浓度为1.00～2.50 mol/L,溶解时间为0.5～2 h的12种HCl浓度-时间组合均可保证海底玄武岩中原生组分的安全,并可有效去除次生组分。综合海底蚀变玄武岩次生组分去除实验研究,推荐使用1.00～2.00 mol/L HCl,溶解时间在0.5～1 h的实验方案。     

结晶紫分光光度法测定金矿贵、贫液中的金

利用结晶紫作为显色剂,乙酸丁酯萃取比色法(或目示比色法)测定金矿浸出液(贵液、贫液)中的金,可在1h内完成整个测定过程,该方法色阶明显,操作简便、快速,线性范围:0.0～4.0 mg/L.分析结果与原子吸收法的分析结果相符.可满足金矿贵、贫液中金的分析要求.该方法测定范围0.05～10.0 mg/L.     

Experimenta l study on ultrasonic propagation in water-based bentonite slurry

Drilling fluid is a common flushingmedium used in pile foundation, geological drilling and petroleum drilling. Study on ultrasonic propagation properties in drilling fluid is of vital importance, not only for developing equipments to non-contact measuring concrete casting level for bored pile, but also for developing equipments considering drilling fluid as signal channel. The existence of clay particlesmakes the ultrasonic propagation and attenuation in drilling fluid much different from pure water. In order to know the relation among ultrasound frequency, slurry density and depth, a series of laboratory experiments about ultrasound propagation in water-based bentonite slurry were finished. Wavelet method was adopted to process the gained original waves of ultrasonic propagation in slurry, so we knew the velocity and attenuation coefficient of ultrasound propagated in different drilling fluids with different density. The first group experiments shows that with density of drilling fluid increase, ultrasonic velocity will decrease but attenuation coefficient will increase if ultrasonic frequency keep constant. The second group experiments shows that the power of ultrasound will intensify in small bore hole, the attenuation coefficient ismuch smaller than theoretical value.     

RTK在几种常见作业环境下的测量精度实验分析

针对一些测绘工作者对RTK测量精度的疑虑,本文设计了一套检验RTK在几种常见作业环境下测量精度的实验方案,分别进行了内符合精度和外符合精度分析。结论表明：在几种常见工作环境下,RTK测量给出的测量精度可靠,高程与平面精度均能小于5cm。     

Nonlinear numerical simulation on extreme-wave kinematics

A fully nonlinear numerical model based on a time-domain higher-order boundary element method (HOBEM) is founded to simulate the kinematics of extreme waves. In the model, the fully nonlinear free surface boundary conditions are satisfied and a semi-mixed Euler-Lagrange method is used to track free surface; a fourth-order Runga-Kutta technique is adopted to refresh the wave elevation and velocity potential on the free surface at each time step; an image Green function is used in the numerical wave tank so that the integrations on the lateral surfaces and bottom are excluded. The extreme waves are generated by the method of wave focusing. The physical experiments are carried out in a wave flume. On the horizontal velocity of the measured point, numerical solutions agree well with experimental results. The characteristics of the nonlinear extreme-wave kinematics and the velocity distribution are studied here.     

中国七个产地卤虫卵的生物学测定

为深入了解卤虫卵生物学测定值与其品系间的相关性,选择青海尕海、新疆阿其克库勒湖、山西解池、山东埕口盐场、西藏 ( 具体地点不详 )、新疆鲸鱼湖以及西藏拉果错湖共 7 个品系的卤虫卵,进行了干卵、水合卵、脱壳卵卵径及卵亚壳层厚度的测定.统计结果显示卵径及卵的颜色与海拔高度密切相关,高海拔地区卤虫卵径大、颜色深;卤虫卵径的大小与其成体的生殖方式似乎无直接关联;以卤虫卵亚壳层厚度及卤虫卵径为依据的 Q-聚类结果一致,其中西藏、新疆鲸鱼湖、新疆阿其克库勒湖、以及西藏拉果错湖卤虫卵为一组,山西解池、山东埕口盐场、及青海尕海卤虫卵为一组.卤虫卵亚壳层厚度及卤虫卵径与卤虫品系之间均存在相关性.     

ICP-MS法测定饮用水中的金属元素

随着对饮用水水质要求的不断提高,卫生防疫部门对饮用水中金属元素检测项目越来越多,对检测方法的灵敏度和检出限的要求也越来越高。传统的分光光度法、原子荧光法、原子发射光谱法等都各有其优点,但受样品前处理的复杂局限性不能进行多组分或多元素同时分析以及仪器的灵敏度或检测限达不到指标要求等等,因此,这些方法都不能很好的满足目前的实际要求。     

鹿鸣钼矿工作方法选择与物性参数测定

鹿呜钼矿工作方法选择与物性参数测定目的是利用激电中间梯度法对已知矿体的外部延伸情况进行了解,确定其走向,并寻找设计区域内与已知矿体相类似的异常,以期发现新的矿体。     

催化动力学光度法在测定痕量亚硝酸根中的应用

亚硝酸根是氮循环的中间产物,易与仲胺、酰胺等反应生成致癌的亚硝酸胺化合物,因此,它是水质、环境、食品等检测的一个重要项目。亚硝酸根的测定通常采用Griess法,但所使用的α-奈胺是一种致癌物质,易污染环境。催化光度法测定亚硝酸根有较高的灵敏度,笔者发现,在磷酸介质中,亚硝酸根对溴酸钾氧化酰胺黑10B褪色反应具有灵敏的催化作用,