Recent Advances in Predictability Studies in China （1999-2002）

Since the last International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) General Assembly (1999), the predictability studies in China have made further progress during the period of 1999-2002. Firstly, three predictability sub-problems in numerical weather and climate prediction are classified, which are concerned with the maximum predictability time, the maximum prediction error, and the maximum allowable initial error, and then they are reduced into three nonlinear optimization problems. Secondly, the concepts of the nonlinear singular vector (NSV) and conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation (CNOP) are proposed,which have been utilized to study the predictability of numerical weather and climate prediction. The results suggest that the nonlinear characteristics of the motions of atmosphere and oceans can be revealedby NSV and CNOP. Thirdly, attention has also been paid to the relations between the predictability and spatial-temporal scale, and between the model predictability and the machine precision, of which the investigations disclose the importance of the spatial-temporal scale and machine precision in the study of predictability. Also the cell-to-cell mapping is adopted to analyze globally the predictability of climate,which could provide a new subject to the research workers. Furthermore, the predictability of the summer rainfall in China is investigated by using the method of correlation coefficients. The results demonstrate that the predictability of summer rainfall is different in different areas of China. Analysis of variance, which is one of the statistical methods applicable to the study of predictability, is also used to study the potential predictability of monthly mean temperature in China, of which the conclusion is that the monthly mean temperature over China is potentially predictable at a statistical significance level of 0.10. In addition,in the analysis of the predictability of the T106 objective analysis/forecasting field, the variance and the correlation coefficient are calculated to explore the distribution characteristics of the mean-square errors.Finally, the predictability of short-term climate prediction is investigated by using statistical methods or numerical simulation methods. It is demonstrated that the predictability of short-term climate in China depends not only on the region of China being investigated, but also on the time scale and the atmospheric internal dynamical process.     

安阳市人工影响天气事业未来3年发展战略思考

人工影响天气事业是一项利国利民又有利于气象事业发展的事业，也是《气象法》赋予气象部门的一项重要工作。笔者结合安阳市人影工作的实际，在回顾全市人影事业发展历程的基础上，总结主要成绩和存在问题，谈谈自己对安阳市人影事业未来3年(2003—2005年)发展战略的思考。     

人工影响天气液氮载体的筛选

寻求高效、实用、经济、无毒的催化剂,最大限度地提高催化剂的催化效率,是广大人工影响天气科技工作者十分关心的问题。碘化银是较好的冷云催化剂,广泛、长期得以使用,但其催化阈温较低(-4℃以下才开始成冰晶);干冰虽然在较高温度下(-0．5℃)可以冷冻云(雾)滴成冰晶,但其储存、运输使用多有不便,     

713雷达脉冲调制器电路故障分析与检修

由于713型气象雷达主要用于探测400km范围内的暴雨、大范围降水及其他空间气象目标、警戒冰雹、台风等灾害天气。并可以在200km范围内测定雨区的降水强度和强度的空间分布,以及测定降水云体的发展高度等。所以该设备的正常运行在保证飞机安全的气象信息服务中具有不可缺少的地位。本文对本单位在雷达使用过程中,遇发射机中调制器电路故障,     

民和县2002春季一次大雨天气过程的初步分析

本对2002年4月30日夜间至5月1日大降水天气的环流特征、卫星云图及T213数值预报产品中的要素场和物理量场进行了分析，得出了一些民和县大降水预报的参考依据。     

湖北省人影信息分析处理系统的研制

本主要介绍湖北省人影信息分析处理系统的设计方案和流程，并对开发中的主要技术问题，如图片及数字件等的收集提炼，人影作业指挥结论的得出以及资料的存储等进行阐述，可供相关工作人员参考应用。     

依托科技进步把人影工作做大做强

青海省是长江、黄河、澜沧江的发源地，长江总流量的25％，黄河总流量的49．2％和澜沧江总流量的15％都来自这一地区，三条江河每年可向下游供水600亿m^3，因此有“中华水塔”之美称。作为青藏高原的主体，其特殊的地理位置，已经成为我国生物物种形成、演化的中心之一，也是     

黄河上游地区雷达测量降水与雨滴谱的对比分析

本利用1999年7月4日～7月16日期间，由青海省人影办和有关科研单位的人员在黄河上游地区开展地面人工增雨试验获取的711数字化雷达资料、雨滴谱资料和地面降水自记资料，对黄河上游地区云层降水的微物理特征和雷达定量测量降水进行了初步的分析和研究。分析研究表明：黄河上河上游地区其雨滴谱分布以多峰型为主，降水的滴谱较宽，对实施人工增雨催化作业较有利，同时拟合出黄河上游地区层状云降水的Z-I关系，可以作为雷达定量测量层状云降水的参考。