海黍子提取物对不饱和脂质抗氧化作用

为了获得天然抗氧化物质,利用自由基引发氧化体系对青岛近海的24种海藻的抗氧化性能进行了筛选,获得了具有较强抗氧化活性的藻种-海黍子(Sagassum kjellmanianum),并从中分离得到两种混合组分(Fr1、Fr2),进一步研究了它们对鱼油和卵磷脂的抗氧化作用。研究结果表明(1)在37℃恒温自动氧化条件下,两种海黍子提取物(0.25%)在均相和乳化体系中,对鱼油都有较好抗氧化作用,抗氧化效果比维生素E(0.2%)好;(2)乳化和非乳化体系比较,海黍子提取物在乳化体系中对不饱和脂质的抗氧化作用更好;(3)在自由基引发剂引发氧化下,Fr2(0.6%)对卵磷脂抗氧化作用效果比BHT(0.02%)好。     

Acclimatory responses to high-salt stress in Chlamydomonas (Chlorophyta, Chlorophyceae) from Antarctica

Antarctic ice microalga can survive and thrive in channels or pores containing high salinity in Antarctic ice layer. In this study, it was found that cell membrane permeability of green microalga Chlamydomonas sp. L4 from Antarctic sea ice was high in cells treated with hypersalinity due to the induction of active oxygen and radicals. However, increased super oxide dismutase (SOD) scavenged harmful free radicals effectively to keep cell membrane integrity. Also, the analysis of membrane fatty acids demonstrated the content of saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids increased and polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased under the high-salt treatment for 14 d, which effectively reduced the membrane fluidity and minimized the injury to cell membrane. The morphological changes showed that hypersalinity induced the increase of cell volume and the consumption of starch granules. However, because of the increase in detoxification of vacuoles, electron-dense deposits and SOD activity under high-salt stress, the complete noninterference thylakoids, mitochondria and cell nucleus maintained cellular fundamental metabolism. Global-expression profiling of proteins showed eight protein spots disappeared, 18 protein spots decreased and 18 protein spots were enhanced after the high-salt shock obviously (P<0.05). One new peptide (pI 6.90; MW 51 kDa) was primarily confirmed as the processor of light reaction center protein CP43 in photosystem Ⅱ, which increased photosynthesis ability of Chlamydomonas sp. L4 treated with high salinity.     

超临界CO2提取海鞘脂肪酸的研究

用超临界CO2从柄海鞘(Styela clava)干粉中提取多不饱和脂肪酸。通过正交实验对提取工艺进行研究,得其最佳提取条件为:萃取温度50℃,萃取压力20 MPa,萃取时间2 h,夹带剂乙酸乙酯体积(mL):柄海鞘干粉质量(g)为1∶2。按此工艺,脂肪酸得率为19.5%。利用气相色谱进行分析,其多不饱和脂肪酸含量为75.77%,二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)含量之和为19.47%。     

n-3多不饱和脂肪酸DHA、EPA研究进展

以DHA和EPA为代表的多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)是指碳原子数多于或等于18且含有两个或两个以上双键的一类脂肪酸。通常按照第一个双键的位置把多不饱和脂肪酸分为3类:n-3PUFAs,即从甲基端数第1个双键的位置在第3碳位的多不饱和     

培养条件对破囊壶菌生长及其产DHA的影响

探讨了培养温度，pH、光照，种龄，接种量以及培养时间等培养条件对破囊壶菌Thraustochytrium roseum MF2生长及其产DHA的影响，结果表明，T.roseum MF2生长及其产DHA的适宜条件为：培养温度25摄氏度，初始pH值6－7，种龄48h，接种量4％，培养时间4d，生物量达到10．4g/L,DHA产量达到1266mg/L。     

Comparison in nutritional quality between wild and cultured cuttlefish Sepia pharaonis

In this study, the proximate composition and the amino and fatty acid profi les of shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei(prey) and wild and cultured cuttlefi sh Sepia pharaonis(the latter fed the prey) were determined and compared with FAO/WHO recommendations. The resulting scores for isoleucine, phenylalanine+tyrosine, histidine, lysine, threonine, and tryptophan in cultured cuttlefi sh were ≥150. The ratio of EAA(essential amino acids)/nonessential amino acids in cultured cuttlefi sh(0.82) was higher than in the wild form(0.80). All EAA amino acid scores for cultured cuttlefi sh were higher than their wild counterparts, except for histidine and tryptophan. Both groups of cuttlefi sh possessed similar saturated fatty acid content, with the cultured containing much more total(Σ) monounsaturated fatty acids, Σ n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA), and eicosapentaenoic acid(C20:5 n-3) but less Σ n-3 PUFA, arachidonic acid(C20:4 n-6), and docosahexaenoic acid(C22:6 n-3) than their wild counterparts. Therefore, the present results suggest that these cultured cuttlefi sh were better than the wild form for human health. Notably, these results also indicate that the nutritional composition of these cuttlefi sh might have been signifi cantly affected by diet.