南极纪行（一）

一“雪龙”船起航不久,第22次南极科学考察队大洋队便开始按照计划采集上海到澳大利亚费里曼特尔航段的水样。为了保证所取水样具有一定的典型性和代表性,大洋队预先设定了一些“雪龙”船走航期间的经纬度坐标点。队员们克服     

极地日记

此时此刻，中山站微风习习，彩旗招展，大厨已经为冰盖队的英雄们准备了热汤面，让凯旋的弟兄们吃上第一顿可口的热饭菜，工程组的同志们早早接通了管道，要让英雄们痛痛快快洗个热水澡。北京时间13点45分，四辆雪地车一路高歌，浩浩荡荡，相别又相逢，终于安全回到基地，至此，中国第21次南极考察队举世瞩目的南极大陆冰盖冲顶行动划上圆满的句号。     

俄美科学家成功绘制南极冰川图

俄罗斯与美国一个环境联合工作小组近日成功绘制了南极冰川图,为今后各种南极科学考察活动提供了便利。     

我国科考队登上南极“最高地带”

北京时间1月9日22时15分，中国南极内陆冰盖昆仑科考队李院生队长一行成功“登”上卫星遥测标识的南极内陆冰盖冰穹A的“北高点”．所在位置为南纬80度22分51秒，东经77度27分23秒．从而标志着人类首次抵达南极冰盖冰穹A核心区域。     

中国与北极密不可分

斯瓦尔巴德群岛首府朗伊尔宾的博物馆里，保存着几张已经发黄的纸张，上面密密麻麻地写着许多国家的名字，CHINA（中国)赫然在内。原来这就是著名的《斯瓦尔巴德条约》签字国的名单。     

A Case study of a snowstorm at the Great Wall Station,Antarctica

A case of a snowstorm at the Great Wall Station was studied using data of NCEP (National Centers for Environmental Prediction) analysis, in situ observations and surface weather charts. The storm occurred on August 29th,2006, and brought high winds and poor horizontal visibility to the region.It was found that the storm occurred under the synoptic situation of a high in the south and a low in the north. A low-level easterly jet from the Antarctic continent significantly decreased the air temperature and humidity.Warm air advection at high level brought sufficient vapor from lower latitudes for the snowstorm to develop.The dynamic factors relating to strong snowfall and even the developmentof a snowstorm were deep cyclonic vorticity at middle and low levels,the configuration of divergence at high level and convergence at low level, and strong verticaluplift. There was an inversion layer in the low-level atmosphere during the later phase of the storm.This vertical structure of cold air at low levels and warm air at high levels may have been important to the longevity of the snowstorm.     

Spatial variability of soil nutrients in Punta Fort William,Greenwich Island,maritime Antarctic

This study aims to report baseline soil nutrients, specifically the organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus profile, in soil samples collected from Puntta Fort William on Greenwich Island in maritime Antarctic. Samples were collected along two transect lines during the early summer of 2008. Ward＇s method of hierarchical agglomerative clustering was employed to group the sampling points based on their physico-chemical properties. In this context, the soil samples can be grouped into three major clus- ters： （1） Samples with intensive biological activities, （2） samples from the area recently exposed by glacial retreat and （3） samples from barren and dried areas. Nutrient contents in Punta Fort William are driven by the intensity of biological activities as well as melt water from the Qnito glacier.     

微波遥感产品对南极普里兹湾海冰密集度准确性的评估

基于两种船测数据集,本文采用点对点和Beitsch共定位比较法,对被动微波遥感观测海冰密集度产品在南极普里兹湾区域适用性展开了一系列评估。首先,根据2012年—2021年中国第29、31、37次南极科考走航船测数据,依据SIC大小的不同,对8种遥感SIC产品进行了分类定量比较,结果表明NSIDC/NT2算法产品在各情况比较中均体现出最高相关性与最佳稳定性,在共定位比较结果中相关系数可达0.926,均方根差12%,平均偏差仅2%。其次,为弥补基于AMSR-2传感器系列产品历史数据缺乏难以分析长期变化的缺陷,本文同时应用1992年—2000年ASPeCt船测数据集,以相同的对比方式对4种遥感数据产品的季节循环和长期变化信号进行了评估。结果表明,该时间段反演准确度较2012年—2021年的个例比较结果有所降低,且反映出较大的季节差异,4种产品的偏差均出现从融冰期到结冰期的增长。该时间段内,基于SSM/I传感器的CDR与Bootstrap算法整体反演较好,相关系数均达到0.8以上,均方根差16%,偏差约为8%,但是在低SIC区域的反演仍然存在较大的偏差。本研究表明,目前微波遥感SIC产品在较小...     

极地遥感

极区是全球气候系统的重要组成部分, 对全球气候系统有显著的反馈作用。遥感是监测极区环境变化最有效的手段之一, 发展极地遥感意义重大。本文回顾了中国科学院遥感应用研究所近年来极地遥感研究方面所取得的一些成果, 包括卫星遥感监测技术和极区地面无线传感器网络遥感技术。     

测绘格罗夫山

地形图测绘是一项最基本的测绘工作,但在万年冰封、气候严寒的格罗夫山地区进行测绘,其情形或许你想像不到。