快速城市化背景下山东城市土地利用效率及有序性测度

利用数据包络分析法(DEA)、Malmquist效率指数、信息熵及均衡度,对山东省17个地市2003—2012年的土地利用效率和有序性进行测度。结果表明:①快速城市化发展10年来,山东城市土地利用整体效率呈现下降趋势,通过城市土地利用效率动态测度得知,鲁中和鲁北的济南、潍坊等18个地市Malmquist指数大于1,属于有效增长型;青岛、威海、济宁等9个市Malmquist指数小于1,为无效增长型,此外,临沂市为强无效增长型。②城市土地利用规模报酬测度得知,山东半岛城市群的青岛、淄博、东营、日照4个市实现了土地利用DEA有效,土地利用规模报酬不变;2012年样本的静态测算中青岛、淄博等11个市实现了DEA有效,规模报酬不变,而济南、枣庄等6个市未实现DEA有效,规模报酬递减。③城市信息熵和均衡度测算得知,山东省的城市土地利用有序性整体经历了调整—非平稳—再调整的动态演进过程,城市土地利用结构也经历了由不合理利用调整为有序合理发展的过程。因此,优化城市土地利用结构,进一步提升土地利用效率及有序性是山东城市土地利用的关键。     

基于DEA和主成分分析的中国城市代谢效率研究

城市代谢效率测度是城市可持续发展研究的重要方向。该文运用数据包络分析(DEA)和主成分分析法考察了2010年中国31个案例城市的代谢效率特征。研究结果显示,中国城市代谢系统效率的地域分异性显著,尤其是西部城市代谢系统的非DEA有效比例较高。这些非DEA有效城市在非可再生资源要素(钢材、原煤、焦炭等)投入、社会经济产出(人均GDP、城市化率等)、非期望产出(固体废弃物、废水和废气)方面有较大改善空间。     

兴安盟国土资源局大力推行办公自动化

<正>为提高办公效率,实现无纸化办公,打造高效快捷的办公环境,兴安盟国土资源局全面推行OA办公自动化系统。积极组织职工参加国土厅举办的办公系统(OA)培训班。OA系统由国土资源厅统一开发,从厅级到盟级再到旗(县、市)级,可全部实现无纸化、自动化办公。任何时候,工作人员只要轻轻一点鼠标,文件传送、审核、会签、批复、发文、签报等整个过程即可通过办公自动化系统完成。争取资金,购置设备。     

光衰减系数与悬浮颗粒物浓度的关系

海水中光合作用有效光强(PAR)的变化受多种因素影响,其中分布在海水中的悬浮颗粒物是造成PAR在水中衰减的重要因素之一,尤其是在风与潮混合作用较强的近海。已有的研究表明:PAR在水中是呈指数衰减的,并且在悬浮物颗粒物分布比较稳定时,光衰减系数k与悬浮物体积浓度线性相关。在生态模型中,往往需要利用k获得水下光强,而衰减系数k很难直接通过观测得到,因此本文目的就是建立衰减系数与悬浮颗粒物体积浓度的关系,后者可通过观测得到。经过对2个航次与2个定点观测数据的处理,得到了PAR衰减系数分别与所有粒径悬浮物颗粒物总体积浓度以及3种粒级(黏土、粉砂、细砂)悬浮物体积浓度之间的线性关系式,并且发现相对于细砂,较小粒径的黏土、粉砂的浓度能更好的表征PAR的衰减特性。     

Marine bacterium strain screening and pyrethroid insecticide-degrading efficiency analysis

A pyrethroid insecticide-degrading bacterium, strain HS-24, was isolated from an offshore seawater environment. The strain, which can degrade cypermethrin(CYP) and deltamethrin(DEL), was identified as Methylophaga sp. The optimal culture and degradation conditions for CYP and DEL by strain HS-24 is pH 7 at 28°C. Under optimum culture conditions, strain HS-24 exhibited a broad degradation concentration range of 100, 200, 400, 600, and 800 mg/L for CYP and DEL. The metabolic intermediates were analyzed by NMR, which provided strong evidence that CYP and DEL removal occurred mainly because of a biological process. The toxicity of the degradation products of strain HS-24 was studied simultaneously by measuring the light output of the luminescence bacterium. This demonstrated that the biodegradation ability of strain HS-24 significantly decreased the toxicity of CYP- and DEL-contaminated aquaculture seawater. Finally, the findings of this paper indicate that strain HS-24 is thus revealed as a biological agent for the remediation of marine aquatic environments.     

辽阳:全力打造群众满意国土新形象

正2014年以来,辽宁省辽阳县国土资源局始终以"资源有限,服务无限"为理念,以保护资源为核心,以保障发展为主题,以维护全县人民权益为宗旨,不断创新工作思路,前移服务阵地,切实提高办事效率和服务质量,更好地服务基层,全力打造群众满意国土新形象。一是盘活低效土地,提高国有土地利用效率。认真落实辽宁省"一区一带"土地改革相关政策,现已争取到国土资源     

郯城:加强设施农用地管理

正近期,为促进农村经济快速发展,提高土地利用效率,山东省郯城县国土资源局积极引导农民依法养殖、集约用地,禁止占用基本农田,规范养殖用地秩序,保证农民养殖用地需求。一是鼓励养殖户利用废弃地、未利用地搞家禽养殖,尽量不占或少占耕地,严禁占用基本农田。     

直驱式波浪能转换系统的研究和性能优化

A direct-drive wave energy conversion system based on a three-phase permanent magnet tubular linear generator （PMTLG） and a heaving buoy is proposed to convert wave energy into electrical energy. Sufficient experimental methods are adopted to compare the computer simulations, the validity of which is verified by the experiment results from a wave tank laboratory. In the experiment, the motion curves of heaving buoy are with small fluctuations, mainly caused by the PMTLG＇s detent force. For the reduction of these small fluctuations and a maximum operational efficiency of the direct-drive wave energy conversion system, the PMTLG＇s detent force minimization technique and the heaving buoy optimization will be discussed. It is discovered that the operational efficiency of the direct-drive wave energy conversion system increases dramatically after optimization. The experiment and optimization results will provide useful reference for the future research on ocean wave energy conversion system.     

Nonlinear optimization method of ship floating condition calculation in wave based on vector

Ship floating condition in regular waves is calculated. New equations controlling any ship＇s floating condition are proposed by use of the vector operation. This form is a nonlinear optimization problem which can be solved using the penalty function method with constant coefficients. And the solving process is accelerated by dichotomy. During the solving process, the ship＇s displacement and buoyant centre have been calculated by the integration of the ship surface according to the waterline. The ship surface is described using an accumulative chord length theory in order to determine the displacement, the buoyancy center and the waterline. The draught forming the waterline at each station can be found out by calculating the intersection of the ship surface and the wave surface. The results of an example indicate that this method is exact and efficient. It can calculate the ship floating condition in regular waves as well as simplify the calculation and improve the computational efficiency and the precision of results.     

基于DEA-SFA型的海洋科技转化成果绩效测评

文章运用DEA-SFA 模型,对2010年我国海洋科技经济效益转化率、海洋科技生态效益转化率和海洋科技学术成果转化率进行了测算。通过第一阶段和第三阶段结果的对比分析,得到文章主要结论：剔除环境因素和随机因素影响的海洋科技转化效率整体有所下降,这说明目前我国海洋科技转化率发展不平衡,未来海洋科技在强调投入增加的同时要考虑人均海洋GDP、建立海洋科研院的数量以及社会综合发展指数的环境因素,整体提升海洋科技转化效率。