废黄河口海岸近期侵蚀特征与机理

苏北废黄河三角洲经历了150多a的侵蚀演变过程,目前仍处在侵蚀演变中.据2007-08和2008-07废黄河口附近断面调查结果显示,沉积类型出现粗化趋势,10 m以浅的浅水区,砂粒含量达60%以上,平均粒径达0.06 mm,物质粗化显著,岸滩呈现了强烈的波蚀作用;10 m以深至15 m的深水区,泥粒含量增多,平均粒径为...     

山东半岛北岸现代海滩层理及动态解释

海滩层理由冲、回流塑造的向海倾前滨楔状交错层理和冲越流形成的向陆倾后滨斜层理组成,二者构成假背斜构造.近年在烟台—莱州岸段海滩上开挖了10个垂岸探槽,揭示出这里海滩以向陆倾后滨层理为主,并且被暴风浪侵蚀面所斜切,该面向海的前滨层理只留下几十厘米的薄层,说明近几十年海岸持续遭受侵蚀,海滩的前滨层理被多次暴风浪切割掉;按暴...     

高考地理模拟试卷（二）

第1卷（选择题。共32分。每题一个正确选项）读某地景观图,回答1～2题。1．该景观的形成主要是由于A．风化作用B．流水溶蚀C．风力侵蚀D．流水沉积     

水下分流河道砂体的叠置样式及其储层非均质性变化特征

在研究区目的层进行高分辨率层序地层研究的基础上,对分流河道微相的储层质量非均质性进行分析,应用不同级次基准面旋回成因的沉积学分析和表征储层质量非均质性的各项岩芯化验、统计学数据定量分析,指出基准面旋回因素对不同级次水下分流河道主体储层质量非均质性影响存在差异:单一水下分流河道和单期复合水下分流河道的储层质量非均质性呈正韵律变化,多期复合水下分流河道储层质量非均质性分布呈不规则趋势,多级次的基准面旋回及其伴随的可容纳空间变化所引起的沉积环境的变化影响水下分流河道储层非均质性.     

孤山川流域岩土侵蚀及防治对策探讨

孤山川属黄河一级支流,全长79.4 km,流域面积1272 km2.流域内地貌为沙盖黄土丘陵沟壑、黄土丘陵沟壑,基岩沟谷丘陵与河流阶地等,岩土侵蚀类型有五:一是风力侵蚀-风沙侵蚀;二是降雨对谷坡面的面状冲刷-坡面侵蚀;三是地表径流对谷底的侧蚀-沟谷侵蚀;四是滑塌对谷坡坡体的破坏-重力侵蚀;五是人力侵蚀.本文根据上述侵蚀类型提出了不同的防治对策.     

利用CFP技术解决复杂近地表问题综述

复杂近地表条件会降低地震数据的质量,通常采用基于地表一致性的时移静校正消除其影响.但静校正与速度是密不可分的,而确定复杂近地表速度是非常困难的.基于CFP技术处理复杂近地表问题时避免了对速度的直接操作,使得静校正和速度的确定相互独立.首先根据叠前数据估算出波场的传播算子,然后依据等时原理在DTS模板中进行算子更新,再用这些更新的算子重建基准面和实现近地表单程时间成像.获得正确的算子振幅也是重建基准面的关键.     

文山州降雨侵蚀力时空分布规律浅析

降雨是导致土壤侵蚀的主要动力因素,降雨侵蚀力反映降雨引起土壤侵蚀的潜在能力。利用文山州内21个雨量代表站月降雨资料,估算文山州降雨侵蚀力,对该地区降雨侵蚀力的年内分布、年际变化特征和空间分布变化规律进行分析。结果表明：文山州降雨侵蚀力空间分布基本与降雨一致,山区为高值区,坝区为低值区;降雨侵蚀力主要集中在汛期（5～10月）,各月的差异大于降雨量的差异;文山州降雨侵蚀力长期变化为略减小趋势但不显著,年际变化较年降雨量年际变化显著。     

Estimating overland flow erosion capacity using unit stream power

Soil erosion caused by water flow is a complex problem. Both empirical and physically based approaches were used for the estimation of surface erosion rates. Their applications are mainly limited to experimental areas or laboratory studies. The maximum sediment concentration overland flow can carry is not considered in most of the existing surface erosion models. The lack of erosion capacity limitation may cause over estimations of sediment concentration. A correlation analysis is used in this study to determine significant factors that impact surface erosion capacity. The result shows that the unit stream power is the most dominant factor for overland flow erosion which is consistent with experimental data. A bounded regression formula is used to reflect the limits that sediment concentration cannot be less than zero nor greater than a maximum value. The coefficients used in the model are calibrated using published laboratory data. The computed results agree with laboratory data very well. A one dimensional overland flow diffusive wave model is used in conjunction with the developed soil erosion equation to simulate field experimental results. This study concludes that the non-linear regression method using unit stream power as the dominant factor performs well for estimating overland flow erosion capacity.