辽东湾丛式钻井陀螺侧钻及导向钻井防碰技术

本文介绍渤海辽东湾实验区AI平台丛式定向井最后钻完的3口侧钻绕障井。在有邻井和本井套管磁干扰情况下,特别是与邻井间距最小仅为0.6m,采用陀螺定向侧钻以及导向钻井技术相结合,安全顺利的钻完了这3口井。总结和介绍了侧钻、防碰的工艺特声,以及安全措施。研究和分析了使用陀螺定向侧钻,钻速与造斜率,井眼轨迹合理控制等问题。     

Ecological indicators showing the succession of macrofauna communities in Sonneratia apetala artificial mangrove wetlands on Qi’ao Island at Zhuhai, South China

The Sonneratia apetala artificial mangroves in the intertidal zone of Da Wei Bay at Qi’ao Island of Zhu-hai, South China were chosen as the macrofauna succession plots while bare tidal flats of the same size were established as control plots in surrounding interference-free areas. Conventional change indicators of community structure, such as biomass and biodiversity, and indicators, such as exergy and specific exergy, which reflect the information change of overall communities, were used to analyze the succession of macro-fauna communities inS. apetala artificial mangroves. The similarities and differences in variation tendency of the different ecological indicators and their reflected ecological principles were compared. The results showed that from D-1 to D-1275 after plantingS. apetala, the biomass of the macrofauna communities first increased, which was then followed by an increase in the network relationship between the macrofauna communities （analysis of the Pielou evenness index and Shannon-Wiener diversity index）. The system in-formation （specific exergy） increased the slowest. Between D-1460 and D-2370 after plantingS. apetala, there was a decrease in biomass, network structure, and system information in the succession plots. After the decrease in the system information （the specific exergy）, there was a decline in the network relationships （Pielou evenness index and Shannon-Wiener diversity index）. Biomass was the last indicator to decrease. The similarities and differences among the different ecological indicators varied during the succession pro-cess, which reflected the relativity and differences among the indicators. This study suggested that, although the species diversity index can be an effective indicator of two types of changes （network structure and system information）, it was quite clear that species diversity measurement was not suitable for expressing the changes in biomass during the succession process. While exergy and specific exergy can provide useful information     

一种高层框架振动分析新方法--修正的Ho1zer迭代法

基于框架侧移柔度系数和等效侧移刚度提出了一种高层框架结构自振频率与振型计算的新方法--修正的Holzer迭代法,使之推广于弯曲型框架,并适用于梁柱任意刚度比情况,可考虑梁柱节点转动和柱的轴向变形,计算简单,精度良好,可供实用.     

石灰改良膨胀土力学性质的研究

膨胀(?)主要是由强亲水性粘土矿物蒙脱石和伊利石组成的,是具有膨胀性、多裂隙性和超固结性的高塑性粘性土。在铁路施工中,膨胀土不能直接作为路基填土,必需进行改良。通过室内试验的方法来讨论石灰改良膨胀土的力学性质在各种影响因素下的变化规律。     

侧扫声呐数据采集与地貌图像构建

针对水下航行器基于地形匹配实现自主导航时需要在线提取环境地形特征的需求,本文重点研究侧扫声呐实时数据采集与地貌图像构建方法。根据侧扫声呐的工作原理及其JSF文件格式,提取侧扫声呐扫描波束所对应的80数据帧,并完成数据解析;建立声呐扫描声强与灰度级转化模型,并构建环境地貌声学图像;通过海试试验结果与侧扫声呐专用软件所生成的地貌图像对比,验证本文方法的有效性和可行性。     

考虑桩径和桩侧摩阻力分布的改进Geddes桩基沉降分析方法

Geddes方法是我国桩基工程实践中常用的计算群桩沉降的一种弹性理论方法,其原理简单,易于应用,但其也有着比较明显的缺点。首先,Geddes法没有考虑桩径的影响,计算时会在桩端平面产生很大的应力集中;其次,Geddes法中假设的侧摩阻力分布模式过于简单,与工作状态下长桩的侧阻分布差别较大。为了解决这些问题,在Geddes方法的基础上,首先假设端阻力沿桩端平面均匀分布,桩侧摩阻力沿桩侧表面分布,采用数学积分与高斯积分相结合的方法计算地基附加应力,改善应力集中的影响;其次通过对Geddes方法原有侧阻分布模式的几何叠加,得到桩侧摩阻力两段式分布时地基附加应力的计算公式。计算表明,改进后的Geddes方法计算桩基沉降要比原有的Geddes方法计算值小。     

声学水面无人艇在浅水海底地貌调查中的应用

水面无人艇（USV,Unmanned Surface Vehicle）具有吃水浅、灵活机动、安全高效的特点和优势,日益成为浅水调查的重要手段。对于常规船只和考察人员不能到达的浅水环境的调查,无人艇具有填补甚至替代的价值和意义。C-Worker 4水面无人艇平台搭载了多波束测深、侧扫声呐、浅层剖面声学系统,运用脉冲同步控制和发射频率差异化配置的方法实现数据同步采集,旨在提高调查效率、优化调查方法和节约成本。基于2019年在海南岛澄迈湾1.2～22 m浅水环境的调查数据,处理和分析评估表明其采集数据可靠性高,能清晰识别海底沙波、波纹、礁石、埋藏河道、港池、航道、拖痕等微地貌单元。研究证实水面无人艇搭载多源声学系统同步测量可提供精细、立体、可靠的海底地貌基础资料,服务于海岸带地质调查、资源开发、工程建设、水运交通和国防安全等。     

膏溶角砾岩侧限膨胀特性试验研究

研究了膏溶角砾岩的侧限膨胀特性及其影响因素。这种岩石受到扰动后可吸水发生膨胀变形使其结构发生变形甚至破坏。通过GDG高压固结仪采用平衡加压法和充分膨胀法研究了侧限情况下岩石的膨胀力指标, 解释了充分膨胀法膨胀力指标大于平衡加压法膨胀力指标的原因。通过试验研究了供水充足条件下膏溶角砾岩侧限自由膨胀变形演化规律, 阐述了膏溶角砾岩侧限膨胀变形的影响因素。岩石试样采自山西石太客运专线太行山隧道, 试验结果表明, 膏溶角砾岩的膨胀特性不同于常规的膨胀岩, 其轴向膨胀变形随含水率增加而增加, 随密度增大而减小。     

供给侧结构性改革与土地管理制度创新

推进供给侧结构性改革,离不开土地制度和政策支持.在分析供给侧结构性改革对土地制度需求的基础上,剖析了现行土地制度中与供给侧结构性改革不相适应的地方,并从创新土地供应制度、土地用途管制制度、土地收储制度,以及土地税费制度等方面提出了促进供给侧结构性改革的对策建议.