通用挖桩模具的设计及卵砾石层人工挖桩施工工艺

通用挖桩模具的设计及卵砾石层人工挖桩施工工艺湖南省地矿厅４０２队陆自雄长沙市气象科技大楼桩基工程，共计１４７根桩，桩长为１７～２２ｍ，桩径分别为１．２、１．４、１．８、２．０、２．２和２．４ｍ六种。施工地层从上至下为杂填层（厚２～４ｍ）、亚粘土及亚砂...     

清水冲刷条件下长江中游沙卵石河段局部卵石淤积成因

为探究三峡水库持续下泄清水条件下长江中游沙卵过渡段内卵石局部冲刷、搬运和淤积现象的成因，采用近期水文、泥沙和地形观测资料，结合河道平面二维水动力模型，计算了研究河段内各级流量下的泥沙起动粒径分布，分析了上游来流、下游水位变化的影响，辨析了河床冲淤的成因。结果表明:① 45 000 m3/s以上流量时，粒径大于30 mm的卵石可沿洪水主流带连续搬运；流量低于15 000 m3/s时，大粒径卵石只能沿枯期主流在浅滩河段局部搬运；流量介于两者之间时，水流对大粒径卵石的输移动力相对较弱。②三峡建库后，洪水量级削减而枯水天数增多，不利于卵石长距离下移，而水位下降不断溯源传递，促使枯水流路上原本稳定的区域开始冲刷。③局部淤积现象由枯期水动力增强所导致，与长江中游沙卵过渡段特殊的地貌和沉积环境有关。卵石局部冲淤调整可能在河段内多个位置长期存在，需引起关注。     

应用实时定量PCR技术检测秦皇岛近岸海域褐潮原因种——抑食金球藻(Aureococcus anophagefferens)

Aureococcus anophagefferens, a small pelagophyte algae, has caused brown tide blooms in coastal waters of Qinhuangdao in recent years, presenting significant negative impacts on the shellfish mariculture industry. Under standard light microscopy, it is visually indistinguishable from other small algae in field samples due to its extremely small size. In this study, quantitative polymerase chain reaction(q PCR) based on 18 S r DNA sequences was developed and used to detect and enumerate A. anophagefferens. A linear regression(R2 = 0.91) was generated based on cycle thresholds value(Ct) versus known concentrations of A. anophagefferens. Twenty-two field samples collected in coastal waters of Qinhuangdao were subjected to DNA extraction and then analyzed using q PCR. Results showed that A. anophagefferens had a wide distribution in coastal waters along Qinhuangdao. Elevated A. anophagefferens abundance, category 3 brown tide blooms(200 000 cells/m L) occurred at Dongshan Beach and Tiger-stone Beach in August in 2013. In shellfish mariculture areas along coastal waters of Qinhuangdao, 4 stations had category 3 blooms, and 6 stations had category 2 blooms(35 000–200 000 cells/m L) in August and all stations had category 1 blooms(0 to ≤35 000 cells/m L) in October. Quantitative PCR allows for detection of A. anophagefferens cells at low levels in filed samples, which is essential to effective management and prediction of brown tide blooms.     

海洋生态补偿研究综述

海洋生态补偿不仅有利于保护海洋资源,实现海洋经济可持续发展,而且是落实党的十八大提出的加强生态文明制度建设的重要途径。近年来,国内外学者对海洋生态补偿进行了广泛研究,取得了大量的研究成果,但也存在着由于研究视角差异导致的概念界定模糊、补偿范围和补偿标准不一等问题。文章基于海洋生态增益型补偿和抑损型补偿的基本分类,针对海洋生态补偿制度建立的关键点,分别从补偿主体与受偿对象、补偿范围与标准、补偿方式3个侧面对已有的研究成果进行系统梳理,希望对我国海洋生态补偿的科学性、规范性和可操作性研究提供借鉴和参考。     

无循环钻进工艺在易坍塌、缩孔和卵砾石地层的应用

无循环钻进工艺是我国现在和将来桩孔施工领域的主要施工工艺之一,通过对无循环钻进工艺及器具的研究,解决了我国桩孔施工在无水地区和岩石层、卵砾石、淤泥、流沙层进行桩孔钻进的难题,大大减少了孔内事故,提高了无循环钻进工艺在复杂地层中钻进的效率。根据我国目前全套管施工设备少,而旋挖钻机保用量已超过3000多台的现状,通过新的钻具和工艺的结合,用旋挖钻进工艺与全套管跟管钻进、全套管护壁钻进等特殊工法和特殊钻具的配套施工,解决了全套管钻进的成本问题,推动了无循环钻进工艺、机具及全套管配套技术的研究。     

The Insect Oviposition Firstly Discovered on the Middle Jurassic Ginkgoales Leaf from Inner Mongolia,China

Although the evidence of insect oviposition on plant organs has been reported from the late Paleozoic to the Miocene, record from the middle Jurassic is still blank. This paper reports a significant evidence of insect oviposition on plant leaf from the middle Jurassic for the first time. The ovipositional scar is distributed on the abaxial surface of Sphenobaiera leaf（Ginkgoales） from the middle Jurassic Daohugou Formation of Inner Mongolia, China. A new ichnospecies Paleoovoidus venustus sp. nov. is described. The scar is elliptic to oval, arranged in longitudinal rows between leaf veins with almost regular distance, with its long axis paralleling to the leaf venation. This discovery adds new information to the morphology of insect endophytic oviposition probably produced by Odonata existed in a terrestrial ecosystem ~165 Ma ago. The new materials also provide important data for the study of insect reproductive biology, plant-insect interaction and coevolution, as well as understanding the paleoclimate and palaeoenvironment during that time in northeast China.     

方斑东风螺不同批次卵质量的比较

2005年5月~8月在雷州市覃斗镇海威水产种苗基地的室内水池进行方斑东风螺亲螺培育,对亲螺不同批次产出的卵囊、卵、及其幼虫进行比较。结果表明:随着亲螺产卵批次的增加,亲螺产卵囊数、卵囊含卵数、产卵量逐次减少;卵囊长、宽逐次变小,厚逐次增加,形状由葵花子片状的比例大变为棒状的比例大;幼虫浮游期逐次延长;变态期幼虫壳长逐次变小;各批次之间的变态率逐次降低;卵径、孵化率、出囊幼虫大小差异不显著。     

波吉卵囊藻的固定化培养及利用

以褐藻酸钙为固定化载体,探讨了胶球直径、不同接种量、CaCl2溶液浓度、褐藻酸钠浓度等条件对波吉卵囊藻(Oocystisborgei)固定化培养及对养殖水体水质的影响。结果表明:波吉卵囊藻固定化培养的最好条件是微藻接种量为1×106 mL-1,CaCl2溶液的质量浓度为30g/L,褐藻酸钠溶液的质量浓度为20g/L。在此条件下制备的固定化藻珠,波吉卵囊藻的生物量从1 83×10-2 mg/粒增加到17. 46×10-2 mg/粒,增加了近10倍,生长率相对较高,证明了它的生理活性不会因固定化而受干扰。引入固定化的波吉卵囊藻不但可以降低养殖水体中氨氮、亚硝酸氮等有害因子的浓度,还能提高水中溶解氧含量,使水体环境长时间处于良好的动态平衡状态。     

卵漂石地层深基坑高压旋喷桩止水帷幕施工工艺

结合青海省微电机厂棚户区改造项目深基坑止水帷幕施工的成功经验,总结出卵漂石地层深基坑双排单重管高压旋喷桩止水帷幕施工的施工工艺及技术要点。     

蔡美运用抑木扶土法治疗化疗后呃逆经验

介绍蔡美教授治疗化疗后呃逆的经验。蔡教授认为化疗后呃逆病位主要在胃,关乎肝与脾。病机主要为肝脾不调,胃气上逆动膈,以抑木扶土法为治疗大法,根据化疗所处时期的不同,治法则有侧重,运用柴芍六君子汤加减治疗,疗效显著。前期以气郁为主,重在抑木;后期以中虚为主,重在扶土。此法拓展了恶性肿瘤患者化疗后呃逆治疗的新思路。