紫菜养殖筏架上定生浒苔对黄海绿潮的贡献

Green tides caused by the unusual accumulation of high floating Ulva prolifera have occurred regularly in the Yellow Sea since 2007. The primary source of the Yellow Sea green tides is the attached algae on the Pyropia aquaculture rafts in the Subei Shoal. Ulva prolifera and Blidingia(Italic) sp. are the main species observed on Pyropia aquaculture rafts in the Subei Shoal. We found that U. prolifera has strong buoyancy and a rapid growth rate, which may explain why it is the dominant species of green tides that occur in the China's sea area of the Yellow Sea. The growth rate of floating U. prolifera was about 20%–31% d–1, which was much higher than Blidingia(Italic) sp. There were about 1.7 × 10~4 t of attached algae on the Pyropia aquaculture rafts in May 2012. We found that 39% of attached algae could float when the tide rose in the Subei Shoal, and U. prolifera accounted for 63% of the floating algae. Our analysis estimated that about 4 000 t of attached U. prolifera floated into the surrounding waters of the Subei Shoal during the recycling period of aquaculture rafts. These results suggest that the initial floating biomass of large-scale green tides in the Yellow Sea is determined by the U. prolifera biomass attached to Pyropia aquaculture rafts, further impacting the scale of the green tide.     

绿藻多糖结构与生物活性研究进展

海藻是生长于海洋中的低等植物,是海洋生物的重要组成之一.四大类海藻中,褐藻和红藻已经被大规模的人工养殖和工业利用,而绿藻则未被广泛开发和利用,只有部分产量高的绿藻被用作饲料、饵料、肥料等.然而,绿藻却是种类最多的一类海藻,是藻类植物中最大的一门,约有350个属,7 500～8 000种.绿藻多糖是绿藻的主要化学成分,含量丰富,组成和结构各异,并具有抗凝血、抗病毒、免疫调节、降血脂、抗辐射、抗氧化和抗肿瘤等多种生物活性.近年来有关绿藻多糖的研究已经引起了越来越多学者的关注.本文主要对近年来绿藻多糖在化学组成、结构与生物活性等方面的研究进展作一概述.     

沙滩游憩价值评估综述

沙滩是海鸟、底栖硅藻、蓝绿藻、细菌等多种海洋生物的栖息地,具有净化水质、吸附沙砾、防治侵蚀等作用,更是人类天然的娱乐场所。对英格兰和威尔士4个地区542个家庭的调查表明,沙滩比国家公园、湖泊、河流、林地、博物馆、休闲中心或主题公园更受到人们的喜爱。各国调查均显示:沙滩是最受欢迎和最常利用的户外娱乐场所。沙滩的娱乐游憩价值尤为重要,各国外学者分别从不同角度对沙滩价值评估做了研究和尝试。     

不同去污剂对裙带菜和石莼色素蛋白复合物分离的影响

以褐藻裙带菜(Undaria pinnatifida)和绿藻石莼(Ulva pertusa)为实验材料,利用SDS,Dig,Triton X-100三种去污剂,分别与叶绿素按不同比例增溶类囊体膜,采用蔗糖密度梯度超速离心的方法分离色素蛋白复合物,蔗糖密度梯度为60%,50%,40%,30%,20%,15%和10%。实验结果表明:当SDS与叶绿素质量比为20∶1时,能够从裙带菜类囊体膜中分离得到5条含蛋白质复合物带。对于石莼类囊体膜的增溶,当SDS与叶绿素的质量比为10∶1,Triton与叶绿素质量为20∶1时,同样能够分离得到5条含蛋白质复合物带。褐藻和绿藻色素蛋白复合物对去污剂的敏感程度有很大差别。     

东川式铜矿的成因再探

占东川武铜矿储量90%的层状铜矿体,犹如世界许多著名的层状铜矿床的成矿过程一样,并不是同生沉积作用期间简单地直接沉淀富集的。该类型铜矿石的形成,至少经历了铁的硫化物的同生沉积和铜的硫化物的成岩交代两个成矿阶段。     

抚仙湖近60年来沉水植物群落变化趋势分析

自1960s以来,抚仙湖沿岸带沉水植物群落发展迅速,而监测频率相对不足.为了解抚仙湖沉水植物群落现状及过去60年内的变化趋势,于2016年7月,对抚仙湖全湖沉水植物进行调查,并结合以往多次调查数据进行趋势分析.本次调查设置了36条样带共41个样点.在实测数据验证后,使用卫星多光谱相机数据基于归一化植被指数(NDVI)计...     

海水到底是什么颜色?

正海水和普通水一样,都是无色透明的,海洋色彩是由海水的光学性质和海水中所含的悬浮物质、海水的深度、云层的特点及其他因素决定的。我们知道太阳光的可见光中包含红、橙、黄、绿、青、蓝、紫七种波长的色光。这七种光的波长从红光至紫光逐渐变短,由这些色光就构成了白光。而太阳光照射到海水中被吸收的程度     

危险的“荧光海滩”

<正>近年来,"荧光海滩"现象成为热议,全世界有7个地方先后报道出现这种奇特现象,其中3个在波多黎各、2个在澳大利亚、1个在马尔代夫、另外1个就是我国大连的大黑石村浴场。海洋生物学者普遍认为"荧光海滩"其实是由无数散发着幽蓝光芒的浮游生物随着浪花冲集在海滩上形成的壮观场景。目前的"荧光海     

一种印度产紫菜（Pyropia radi）的生物学特性及部分生活史

为积累紫菜的新种质,本文对一种印度产紫菜—Pyropia radi的生活史进行了研究,结果发现：该紫菜的叶状体多为披针形,基部为楔形、呈褐绿色,梢部呈红紫褐色;藻体由单层细胞构成,极少含两层细胞;一个营养细胞中含1—2个星状色素体,多数只含一个;藻体的中部边缘具有稀疏的锯齿状突起,基部的齿状突起较密,一般的突起含有一至十多个细胞;成熟前的藻体厚度：基部为(51.54.23)μm,梢部为(29.42.31)μm,平均厚度41.2μm,成熟后的藻体逐渐加厚;成熟前的藻体长度5—10cm、宽度0.5—1cm,成熟后,藻体长度可达(458.7)cm、宽度为(51.21)cm;藻体的表观性别多数为雌雄异体,少数为雌雄同体,雌雄同体的个体其雌雄生殖细胞分别呈块状直线型分布于藻体;果孢子囊具有16或32个果孢子,分裂式为♀A2B2C4或♀A4B2C4,成熟的精子囊器具有64个精子囊,分裂式为♂A4B4C4;叶状体营养细胞和精子囊的核型为单倍,染色体数目为5个(n=5),丝状体的营养细胞和膨大细胞的核型为双倍,染色体数目为10个(2n=10)。检测该紫菜的5.8S rDNA-ITS区序列发现,其5.8S保守区的160个碱基序列与坛紫菜相似度为100%。该紫菜的形态与结构、染色体数目、性别以及5.8S rDNA的保守序列等结果与坛紫菜极为相似,暗示它与坛紫菜的亲缘关系很近,但它们是否为同一个紫菜物种还有待深入研究。     

DYNAMIC CHANGES OF INORGANIC NITROGEN AND ASTAXANTI—IIN ACCUMULATION IN HAEMATOCOCCUS PLUVIALIS

This study on dynamic changes of culture color,astaxanthin and chlorophylls,inorganic N including N-NO3^-,N-NO2^- and N-NH4^ in batch culture of Haematococcus pluvialis exposed to different additive nitrate concentration showed(1)ast/chl ratio was over 0.8 for brown and red algae,but was usually less than 0.5 for green and yellow algae;(2)N-NO3^-,in general,was unstable and decreased,except for a small unexpected increase in nitrate enriched treatment groups;(3)measurable amounts of N-NO2^- and N-NH4^ were observed respectively with three change modes although no extemal nitrite and ammonia were added into the culture;(4)a non-linear correlation between ast/chl ratio(or color)changes and the levels of N-NO3^-,N-NO2^-,N-NH4^ in H.pluvialis culture;(5)up and down variation of the ast/chl ratio occurred simultaneously with a perceptible color change from yellow to brown(or red)when N-NO3^-,N-NO2^- and N-NH4^ fluctuated around 30,5,5μmol/L respectively;(6)existence of three dynamic modes of N-NO3^-,N-NO2^- and N-NH4^ changes,obviously associated with initial extemal nitrate;(7)the key level of total inorganic N concentration regulating the above physiological changes during indoor cultivation was about 50 μmol/L;and(8)0.5-10mmol/L of nitrate was theoretically conducive to cell growth in batch culture.