内蒙古北山额济纳旗小红山钒钛磁铁矿床SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年及其意义

小红山钒钛磁铁矿床是近年内蒙古北山地区新发现的一个中型钒钛磁铁矿床,含矿辉长岩体侵位于蓟县系平头山组,岩体具全岩矿化,工业矿体主要赋存于中粗粒辉长岩中。采用SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年方法对小红山中粗粒辉长岩体进行了年代学研究,获得该岩体的锆石微区原位SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为424±6Ma,表明小红山钒钛磁铁矿成岩成矿事件发生于中志留世。该时期钒钛磁铁矿床的发现,揭示了北山地区早古生代处于陆缘裂谷环境,这对研究和认识北山地区地质构造演化及开展岩浆矿床找矿具有重要意义。     

青藏高原羌塘中部中—上奥陶统达瓦山组的建立及意义

首次在藏北羌塘中部达瓦山地区识别出一套复理石沉积,厚度大于3000m,未见顶底,岩石组合以变质砂岩、杂砂岩和千枚岩为主,夹双峰式火山岩,火山岩岩性为流纹岩和玄武岩。用LA-ICP-MS同位素测定技术对流纹岩夹层中的锆石进行了U-Pb同位素测定,获得锆石的年龄为454.0±2.0Ma和458.3±1.8Ma,时代为中晚奥陶世达瑞威尔—桑比期,代表了达瓦山组的主体形成时代。在剖面测制和区域对比的基础上建立了中—上奥陶统达瓦山组,代表冈瓦纳大陆北缘中—晚奥陶世裂谷型深水-半深水复理石沉积。中—上奥陶统达瓦山组的发现和建立完善了该区中晚奥陶世的地层系统,进一步确定该区中—晚奥陶世洋盆的存在,对冈瓦纳大陆北缘中—晚奥陶世岩相古地理研究具有重要意义。     

滇西新街岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素和地球化学及其构造意义

新街岩体位于昌宁-孟连带北段,主要岩性为二长花岗岩。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,新街岩体侵位于约82Ma。岩体Si O2含量为74.28%~75.17%,富钾(K2O/Na2O=1.44~1.73)和较低钙Ca O(0.37%~0.41%),铝饱和指数(A/CNK)为1.121~1.156,富集Rb、Th、K、LREE等元素,相对亏损Nb、Ta、Ti、Zr、Hf等高场强元素。这些特征表明,新街岩体属于强过铝质S型花岗岩。新街岩体负且变化范围大的锆石εHf(t)值(-16.9~-0.5)和古老的Hf同位素地壳模式年龄(1.19~2.28Ga),表明其主要来源于古老地壳物质的重熔,并有不同程度的幔源物质加入。由于喜马拉雅新特提斯洋封闭发生在65Ma左右,新街岩体很可能是在喜马拉雅新特提斯洋洋壳俯冲的地球动力学背景下形成的。     

柴北缘尕秀雅平东和红柳沟北镁铁-超镁铁质岩体锆石U-Pb年龄及其找矿意义

位于柴达木地块北缘构造带内欧龙布鲁克微陆块东缘的2个镁铁-超镁铁质岩体——含Cu-Ni的尕秀雅平东岩体和含Ti-Fe的红柳沟北岩体,前者的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为408.0±1.5Ma,属早泥盆世;后者的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为418.3±2.8Ma,属晚志留世。区域地质资料研究表明,东昆仑地区、柴北缘在晚志留世—晚泥盆世处于后造山伸展阶段,尕秀雅平东岩体和红柳沟北岩体正是拉张环境下幔源岩浆活动的产物。在东昆仑地区、柴北缘发现的铜镍矿床和铜镍矿点(除夏日哈木有争议外)基本都形成于晚志留世—晚泥盆世。结合区域成矿年代学研究,认为晚志留世—晚泥盆世期间,东昆仑造山带和祁连造山带之间的柴达木地块、欧龙布鲁克微陆块,以及位于这两大造山带内部的微型古陆块区,是形成岩浆铜镍硫化物矿床和钛铁氧化物矿床的有利环境。     

花岗岩的成岩时代、地球化学特征和成因青海祁漫塔格地区虎头崖矿床Ⅵ矿带

利用 LA ICP MS 锆石 U Pb 法,测得与成矿有关的青海祁漫塔格地区虎头崖矿床Ⅵ矿带花岗岩的成岩年龄为(233.6±1.8)Ma(MSWD=1.2,n=17)。地球化学特征显示：花岗岩属高钾钙碱性、弱过铝质花岗岩;样品的稀土元素组成以总体右倾,轻、重稀土分异明显和具明显的负铕异常为特征;微量元素具有富集 Rb、Th、U、La、Nd 等大离子亲石元素,亏损 Ba、Sr、Nb、P、Ti 等元素的特点。Sr Nd 同位素组成特征显示,花岗岩的源区可能是富集岩石圈地幔。初步研究认为,虎头崖矿床Ⅵ矿带花岗岩可能形成于中、晚三叠世碰撞后碰撞的构造背景下。     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987114000437

The Pranhita-Godavari Basin in central eastern India is one of the Proterozoic "Purana" basins of cratonic India.New geochronology demonstrates that it has a vast depositional history of repeated basin reactivation from the Palaeoproterozoic to the Mesozoic.U-Pb laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry dating of detrital zircons from two samples of the Somanpalli Group—a member of the oldest sedimentary cycle in the valley-constrains its depositional age to ~1620 Ma and demonstrates a tripartite age provenance with peaks at ~3500 Ma,~2480 Ma and ~1620 Ma,with minor age peaks in the Eoarchaean(~3.8 Ga) and at ~2750 Ma.These ages are consistent with palaeocurrent data suggesting a southerly source from the Krishna Province and Enderby Land in East Antarctica.The similarity in the maximum depositional age with previously published authigenic glauconite ages suggest that the origin of the Pranhita-Godvari Graben originated as a rift that formed at a high angle to the coeval evolving late Meosproterozoic Krishna Province as Enderby Land collided with the Dharwar craton of India.In contrast,detrital zircons from the Cycle III Sullavai Group red sandstones yielded a maximum depositional age of 970±20 Ma and had age peaks of ~2550 Ma,~1600 Ma and then a number of Mesoproterozoic detrital zircons terminating in three analyses at ~970 Ma.The provenance of these is again consistent with a southerly source from the Eastern Ghats Orogen and Antarctica.Later cycles of deposition include the overlying Albaka/Usur Formations and finally the late Palaeozoic to Mesozoic Gondwana Supergroup.     

胶西北地区北截金矿闪长玢岩锆石SHRIMP年龄及其地质意义

山东省招远市北截金矿是胶西北地区发现较早的金矿之一,主要赋存于严格受NEE向断裂控制的黄铁绢英岩化蚀变带内,是典型的破碎带蚀变岩型金矿。本文通过对矿区内切穿矿体的闪长玢岩、郭家岭序列下属北截岩体的地质背景和SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年代学研究,得出闪长玢岩形成年龄为117±2Ma,北截岩体形成年龄为129±1Ma,限定北截金矿成矿年龄在117~129Ma之间,属早白垩世。锆石样品中测得Ar_3、Z、J_3等多个期次的继承锆石年龄,表明北截岩体和闪长玢岩形成过程具有多重继承演化性。根据同源岩浆的成岩成矿时间差及岩体与金矿的空间位置,判断郭家岭序列与金矿关系更为密切。讨论了胶东金矿的成矿期次和构造环境,认为其形成于俯冲造山带的弧后伸展环境,其形成与演化受中生代以来中国东部岩石圈大规模减薄、地幔上涌或陆缘裂谷的影响,最终成因可能与地幔柱有关。     

西藏朱诺斑岩铜 钼 金矿区侵入岩锆石U Pb年龄、Hf同位素组成及其成矿意义

朱诺斑岩铜钼金矿位于冈底斯成矿带南缘,是近年来在冈底斯斑岩铜矿带最西端新发现的另一大型斑岩型铜-钼-金矿床,但一直以来对该矿区花岗岩年代学及成因分析缺乏系统的研究。本文选择矿区内主要岩浆岩体开展LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,Hf同位素研究。获得黑云母花岗闪长岩锆石U-Pb年龄为14.14±0.32Ma,76 Hf/177 Hf介于0.282484~0.282750,εHf(t)介于-9.87~-0.49,二阶段模式年龄TDMC介于1.13~1.73Ga、似斑状二长花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄为14.05±0.31Ma,176 Hf/177 Hf介于0.282633~0.282769,εHf(t)介于-4.61~0.21,二阶段模式年龄TDMC介于1.08~1.39Ga之间;角闪闪长玢岩锆石U-Pb年龄为14.10±0.29Ma,除4.1号为继承锆石外,其余测点176 Hf/177 Hf介于0.282607~0.282761,εHf(t)介于-5.53~-0.07,二阶段模式年龄TDMC介于1.10~1.45Ga之间。年代学与Hf同位素结果表明,朱诺斑岩铜矿与斑岩铜矿带中段和东段成岩成矿时代一致,集中在15~13Ma之间,指示了冈底斯在中新世的构造岩浆活动事件。花岗岩Hf同位素组成明显与中-东段斑岩矿床不同,具有富集Hf同位素特征以及古老二阶段模式年龄(1.08~1.73Ga)等特点,反映出朱诺矿区中新世岩浆岩源区与中-东段中新世斑岩矿床明显不同,可能指示古老拉萨地体的印迹。     

华北克拉通五台群LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素特征

通过对五台群石咀亚群金刚库组4个典型样品的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素研究,对五台群的形成时代及华北克拉通新太古代—古元古代期间的地壳演化进行了探讨。锆石U-Pb同位素测定结果表明,侵入金刚库组中的片麻状花岗岩锆石的U-Pb年龄为2548Ma,因此五台群的上限年龄约为2.5Ga;金刚库组黑云母石英片岩和片麻状石英闪长岩的原岩锆石U-Pb年龄分别为2663Ma和2636Ma,因此五台群的下限年龄约为2.7Ga。五台群的地质年龄为2.5~2.7Ga,属于新太古代。锆石Hf同位素研究结果表明,黑云母石英片岩和片麻状石英闪长岩的二阶段Hf模式年龄(tDM2)均为2.8Ga左右,指示2.8Ga左右是五台山区乃至整个华北克拉通地壳生长的重要时期;片麻状花岗岩tDM2平均为2.57Ga,与锆石结晶年龄非常接近,表明2.5Ga左右也是华北克拉通地壳的主要增生期。地壳的增长是幕式的,2.8Ga和2.5Ga都是华北克拉通地壳生长时期。     

Refined conceptualization of TOPMODEL for shallow subsurface flows

The TOPMODEL framework was used to derive expressions that account for saturated and unsaturated flow through shallow soil on a hillslope. The resulting equations were the basis for a shallow‐soil TOPMODEL (STOPMODEL). The common TOPMODEL theory implicitly assumes a water table below the entire watershed and this does not conceptually apply to systems hydrologically controlled by shallow interflow of perched groundwater. STOPMODEL provides an approach for extending TOPMODEL's conceptualization to apply to shallow, interflow‐driven watersheds by using soil moisture deficit instead of water table depth as the state variable. Deriving STOPMODEL by using a hydraulic conductivity function that changes exponentially with soil moisture content results in equations that look very similar to those commonly associated with TOPMODEL. This alternative way of conceptualizing TOPMODEL makes the modelling approach available to researchers, planners, and engineers who work in areas where TOPMODEL was previously believed to be unsuited, such as the New York City Watershed in the Catskills region of New York State. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.