西天山特克斯晚古生代辉长岩岩石地球化学

西天山特克斯县东北部的哈拉达拉岩体是西天山出露规模最大的层状基性-超基性侵入岩体,主要由橄长岩、橄榄辉长岩、角闪辉长岩和辉长岩组成。本文获得该辉长质岩体锆石SIMSU-Pb年龄为306.2±2.7Ma,属于晚石炭世。该岩体SiO2含量范围为44.49%～48.46%,K2O、Na2O含量低,Mg、Fe含量较高,Mg#平均值达71.4。岩体具有拉斑玄武岩系列特征,且有从低钾拉斑系列向钙碱性系列和高钾钙碱性系列演化的趋势。部分样品的MgO、Al2O3和CaO含量偏高,可能为橄榄石和斜长石的堆晶所致。岩体明显富集Rb、Ba、K、Pb、Sr等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素,La/Nb比值大于1.4,与流体交代地幔楔熔融的弧火成岩浆特征类似。岩体具有Th负异常,暗示岩浆活动过程中可能混染了下地壳成分。岩体稀土元素总量较低,轻、重稀土元素分异较弱,由于斜长石堆晶作用,部分样品具有明显的正Eu异常。区域构造演化和岩石学资料等显示西天山在晚石炭世—早二叠世大地构造格架演化发生了转变,特克斯地区处于俯冲碰撞阶段向碰撞后伸展阶段变化的过渡环境中,特克斯晚古生代辉长岩体很可能是在这种构造体制的转变过程中形成的,指示了西天山大地构造演化从弧环境下的挤压碰撞到陆内伸展环境的转变。     

大别山北缘千鹅冲斑岩型钼矿床锆石U-Pb和辉钼矿Re-Os年代学及其地质意义

河南省光山县千鹅冲钼矿床是大别山地区近年最新发现的大型斑岩型钼矿床。采用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb和ICP-MS辉钼矿Re-Os同位素精细测年技术,对与成矿相关的宝安寨钾长花岗岩、千鹅冲花岗斑岩2个锆石样品和4个细网脉型钼矿石中的辉钼矿样品进行了同位素年代学测定,分别获得(135.3±1.9),(128.8±2.6),(127.82±0.87)Ma的同位素年龄。结果表明,千鹅冲钼矿床成矿作用时间与千鹅冲花岗斑岩成岩作用时间一致,晚于大别山巨量花岗质岩浆活动近7Ma,它们为统一构造背景同期不同次岩浆作用的产物。与成矿相关岩体的地球化学研究结果显示,岩体具有低Sr(wB400×10-6)、低Yb(wB1.8×10-6)、中等程度Eu负异常[δ(Eu)0.5]、轻重REE强烈分异{[w(La)/w(Yb)]N24}等特征,其Sr-Nd同位素显示较高的[N(87Sr)/N(86Sr)]i(0.70669～0.72422,变化较大)和极低的ε(Nd)(t)(-18.01～-21.37)。综合分析表明成岩成矿作用发生在大别造山带碰撞造山后构造体制由挤压收缩向伸展的转折时期,与成矿有关的酸性侵入岩是加厚陆壳部分熔融作用的产物。千鹅冲斑岩型钼矿床与成矿带内汤家坪、大银尖、天目山、银山、东沟钼矿床在成矿时间及成矿岩体地球化学特征的显著差异,反映它们形成于造山带演化的不同历史时期和不同的构造动力学背景。     

Chronology, Geochemistry and Tectonic Settings of the Hadamiao Granodiorite on the Northern Margin of the North China Platform

<正>The Hadamiao granodiorite,located on the northern margin of the North China platform and acting as the country rock of gold deposits in the Hadamiao region,was formed in the same age and similar tectonic settings with the Hadamiao gold deposit and the large-scale Bilihe gold deposit in the same area.By using the LA-ICP-MS method,the U-Pb age obtained is 267±1.3 Ma,which represents the crystallized age of the granodiorite,and that of the xenolithic zircon is 442.8±5 Ma. Base on the main elements,it exhibits the features of calc-alkaline to high-potassium calc-alkaline series,low silicon,and quasi-aluminous I-type granites,and with high magnesium(Mg~#=0.45-0.57) and high sodium contents(Na_2O/K_2O=0.98-2.29).The SREE values(81.6-110.15 ppm) are relatively low,the fractionations between LREE and HREE are obvious,showing a right-inclined dispersion in the REE distribution diagram.Compared with the primitive mantle,the rock is relatively rich in LREE(La and Ce),LILE(K,Sr,and Th),and intensively depleted in HFSE(Ti,P,Nb and Ta).The ratios of Sr/Y and(La/Yb)_N and the contents of Rb,Nb and Y are relatively low,the Sr values are high (436.35-567.26 ppm),and the Yb contents of most samples are low(1.25-1.8),which indicate the features of typical continental margin arc and adakitic rocks.According to the values ofε_(Nd)(t)(-2.4 to +0.2) and I_(Sr)(0.7028-0.7083),and variations of the La/Sm ratios,the Hadamiao granodiorite was formed from mixing of the thickened molten lower crust and the mantle wedge substances.The rock was related to the southward subduction and accretion of the Paleo-Asia Ocean in the Late Paleozoic, being Late Paleozoic magma of the continental margin arc formed on the basement of the Early Paleozoic accretion complexes,and showing a trend of turning into adakitic rocks,which indicates their great metallogenic(Au) potential.     

小兴安岭东南部伊春中生代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb测年及其地质意义

本文首次报道了小兴安岭南部伊春地区的五三零、南岔三林场及寒月林场岩体高精度锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄。三个岩体均形成于早侏罗世,侵位年龄分别为175±3 Ma,180±2 Ma和195±2 Ma。岩石学和地球化学特征显示,这些岩体为高硅富碱性的钙碱性系列的二长花岗岩.花岗闪长岩组合,形成于造山后的伸展构造环境中,其大地构造背景与早侏罗世佳木斯板块和松嫩.张广才岭板块碰撞拼合后伸展作用有关。     

电性参数在煤层气测井中的应用

在煤层气测井中,利用自然电位和双侧向电阻率可以定性判断含气层位。利用电阻率参数可推算煤层的孔隙度和含气饱和度,结合密度对煤层气可以进行定量计算。．     

黑龙江宁安英城子热液金矿床与成矿伴生的辉绿玢岩的锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

英城子热液金矿床产于张广才岭岩浆构造带东侧的早古生代花岗岩岩体内的韧脆性剪切带中。矿区内出露的辉绿玢岩中锆石的SHRIMPU--Pb测年结果表明:16个单颗粒锆石的谐和年龄值可划分为4组,分别为849.7～897.0Ma、755.6±19.2Ma、486～514.0Ma和419～451Ma。结合锆石的特征和相关地质测年结果,初步认为辉绿玢岩岩浆作用发生在麻山期或加里东期陆内造山后的地壳伸展环境内(432Ma);该区在晚元古代和早古生代属于佳木斯地块的一部分或地壳演化与佳木斯地块、额尔古纳地块处于相同的地质环境中。     

玄武质岩石的单颗粒锆石U-Pb年龄谱

报道了托云、东浮山、羊角、雪花山和山旺5处新生代玄武岩的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb测年结果。位于西南天山造山带的托云新生代玄武岩的14个测点年龄值十分发散,最大值与最小值分别为857.1和203.4Ma,它们与其余4件玄武岩样品49个SHRIMP锆石测点年龄一同构筑了涵盖各个地质时期几乎贯穿整个地质时间的复杂年龄谱。位于华北克拉通中部区域南太行山造山带的东浮山、羊角和雪花山新生代玄武岩3件样品累计36个锆石测点形成的锆石年龄谱相对简单,其中35个测点的年龄集中在1719.9～2641.6Ma,唯一的古生代年龄(311.3Ma)出现在雪花山玄武岩7.1测点。位于华北克拉通东部裂谷带内山旺玄武岩6件样品27个测点的单颗粒锆石年龄构筑的锆石年龄谱形成3个集中时间段,分别为新太古代—古元古代(2595.4～1852.2Ma)、古生代(385.8～271.1Ma)和中生代(109.4Ma)。3个年龄谱中大部分单颗粒锆石U-Pb年龄均能在各自所处区域内发现与之对应的岩浆-热事件,部分单颗粒锆石年龄可能暗示所在区域至今未发现的岩浆热事件,托云、东浮山-羊角-雪花山、山旺新生代玄武岩的复杂单颗粒锆石年龄谱再造了各自所处区域的地质演化史。3个锆石年龄谱的复杂程度与各自区域地表出露岩浆岩的规模和期次复杂程度相关,天山造山带内岩浆岩发育,托云玄武岩锆石年龄普最复杂,记录了天山造山带的演化,而华北克拉通中部区域南太行山造山带地表零星出露岩浆岩,东浮山-羊角-雪花山玄武岩的锆石年龄普最简单。处于后期遭受破坏改造的华北克拉通东部裂谷带内的山旺玄武岩的单颗粒锆石年龄谱,其复杂程度明显低于托云玄武岩的年龄谱,而又高于东浮山-羊角-雪花山玄武岩的年龄谱。鉴于玄武质岩浆同化混染围岩过程中能量消耗和地球化学印记以及玄武质岩浆上升的耗时限制,认为托云、东浮山、羊角、雪花山和山旺新生代玄武岩中具有复杂年龄信息的锆石捕掳晶不是玄武质岩浆在快速上升过程中从围岩中捕获的,而是在岩石圈拆沉过程中进入软流圈地幔中,随着具原生岩浆性质的玄武质岩浆喷发到达地表。     

西藏沙让斑岩钼矿床锆石SHRIMP定年和角闪石Ar-Ar定年及其地质意义

采用SHRIMP锆石微区U-Pb测年及角闪石40Ar-39Ar测年对冈底斯成矿带东段工布江达县沙让斑岩钼矿区的角闪石闪长岩体进行了年代学研究。对角闪石闪长岩中单颗粒锆石11个样品点分析,其206Pb/238U年龄范围在(45.39±0.77)～(52.7±3.3)Ma之间,加权平均值为(47.17±0.41)Ma,(n=11,MSWD=2.0)。对角闪石样品采用40Ar-39Ar阶段升温测年,年龄谱呈马鞍形,说明角闪石样品存在过剩氩,加权平均年龄(55.10±0.79)Ma不具地质意义,最低坪年龄(53.25±0.60)Ma接近但大于角闪石的结晶年龄。综合前人研究结果,笔者认为:①角闪石闪长岩体形成年龄为(53.25±0.60)Ma,属于喜马拉雅期,相当于始新世,岩体侵入时间早于含矿主岩体斜长花岗斑岩的形成时间。②受后期花岗斑岩体侵入热事件的影响,锆石的蜕晶化作用导致年龄偏小,角闪石Ar-Ar法最低坪年龄基本代表成岩年龄。③斑岩钼矿的形成与主碰撞期岩浆底侵作用有关,始新世早期,冈底斯成矿带的地壳已经增厚到可以产生地壳熔融的厚度,形成斑岩钼矿。④冈底斯成矿带存在40～65Ma的主碰撞期,显示出念青唐古拉成矿带具...     

Effect of degree of saturation on mechanical behaviour of unsaturated soils and its elastoplastic simulation

The two stress-state variable approach has been widely used in interpreting unsaturated soil behaviour. However this approach cannot take into account the effect of degree of saturation or water contents on the stress–strain behaviour and strength of unsaturated soils. The triaxial test results presented in this paper show that even if the same path of net stress and suction is followed, the stress–strain relation and strength are different due to different degrees of saturation. When other conditions are the same, the higher the degree of saturation for the soil sample is, the higher the stress ratio corresponding to a given axial strain will be. This effect can be modeled by using an elasto-plastic constitutive model coupling hydraulic and mechanical behaviour of unsaturated soils. Comparisons between the predicted and measured results are presented, which demonstrate that the model can quantitatively simulate the influence of the degree of saturation on stress–strain behaviour and strength of unsaturated soils.     

Contribution of SHRIMP U–Pb zircon geochronology to unravelling the evolution of Brazilian Neoproterozoic fold belts

The South-American continent is constituted of three major geologic–geotectonic entities: the homonym platform (consolidated at the end of the Cambrian), the Andean chain (essentially Meso-Cenozoic) and the Patagonian terrains, affected by tectonism and magmatism through almost all of the Phanerozoic. The platform is constituted by a series of cratonic nuclei (pre-Tonian, fragments of the Rodinia fission) surrounded by a complex fabric of Neoproterozoic structural provinces.