应用激光诱导离解光谱自由定标法测定黄金首饰成分初探

利用激光诱导离解光谱自由定标法对一系列高纯度黄金样品进行定量分析与研究,初步证明了将此方法应用于黄金首饰成分测定的可行性。采用波长1 064nm的Nd∶YAG脉冲激光器激发黄金样品,波长范围为200～760nm的4CCD光纤光谱仪采集发射光谱,对Au元素质量分数范围为85.0%～99.6%的6件黄金标准样品进行激光诱导离解光谱测试。对所得黄金样品光谱中的Au,Cu,Ag三种元素分别选择合适的原子（离子）谱线代入自由定标法模型,通过所得参数拟合得到了所有元素原子（离子）的二维波尔兹曼平面曲线,并以此为基础进行元素的质量分数计算。激光诱导离解光谱自由定标法定量分析黄金样品中Au元素的质量分数与标准值的相对误差〈3%。     

Effects of high-pressure heat treatment on the solid-state phase transformation and microstructures of Cu61.13Zn33.94Al4.93 alloys

The phase transformation activation energy of the Cu_61.13Zn_33.94Al_4.93 alloys, which were treated at 4 GPa and 700 °C for 15 minutes, was calculated by means of differential scanning calorimetry curves obtained at various heating and cooling rates. Then, the effects of high-pressure heat treatments on the solid-state phase transformation and the microstructures of Cu_61.13Zn_33.94Al_4.93 alloys were investigated. The results show that high-pressure heat treatments can refine the grains and can change the preferred orientation from (111) to (200) of α phase. Compared with the as-cast alloy, the sample with high-pressure heat treatment has finer grains, lower β' → β and β → β ' transformation temperature and activation energy. Furthermore, we found that high cooling rate favours the formation of fine needle-like α phase in the range of 5--20 °C/min.     

Effect of local atomic disorder on the half-metallicity of full-Heusler Co2FeSi alloy: a first-principles study

This paper investigates the effect of atomic disorder on the electronic structure, magnetism, and half-metallicity of full-Heusler Co₂FeSi alloy by using the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and GGA+U schemes. It considers three types of atomic disorders in Co₂FeSi alloy: the Co--Fe, Co--Si, and Fe--Si disorders. Total energy calculations show that of the three types of disorders, the Fe--Si disorder is more likely to occur. It finds that for the Co--Si disorder, additional states appear in the minority band-gap at the E_F and the half-metallcity is substantially destroyed, regardless of the disorder level. On the other hand, the Co--Fe and Fe--Si disorders have little effect on the half-metallicity at a low disorder level. When increasing the disorder levels, the half-metallcity is destroyed at about 9 % of the Co--Fe disorder level, while that stays at 25 % of the Fe--Si disorder level.     

X射线荧光光谱法测定锌铝硅合金中硅和铁

采用岛津MXF-2400型多道X荧光光谱仪测定锌铝硅合金中硅及铁的含量,对样品分析面进行了选择,考察了分析面光洁度、样品放置时间对测定的影响条件.方法样品前期处理简便,分析速度快,灵敏度高,硅和铁的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)分别为1.15%和0.44%.与其他方法对照,结果相符.     

数字化技术在铁基合金铬元素可见光谱分析中的应用

使用可见光谱数字化自动分析系统对铁基合金中铬元素可见光谱进行了分析测定.研究了铁基合金中铬元素的Cr 520.60 nm和Cr 534.58 nm分析谱线组的特征,并制作了数字化彩色图谱.探索了铁基合金中铬元素的数字化分析技术,结果可用于铁基合金中铬元素的定性、定量分析和牌号鉴别.     

硅酸盐熔体和液态铁的两相模拟与核幔间的氧交换

地球早期经历了很多撞击事件, 其中与地月系统形成相关的大撞击甚至造成深达核幔边界的全球规模的岩浆洋, 在此过程中的核幔分异基本确定了地幔与地核的物质组成, 也决定了地球随后的演化路径.我们采用基于量子力学理论的第一性原理方法和机器学习技术, 实现了硅酸盐熔体和液态铁的超大体系两相分子动力学模拟, 获得了核幔边界条件下的两相平衡数据, 为超深岩浆洋中的核幔分异过程提供了重要约束.基于本研究模拟结果和现有的高温高压实验数据, 我们还建立了能够准确预测核幔间元素交换的平衡模型, 利用该模型深入探讨了核幔间的氧交换问题, 并分析了其与地球生长、大撞击和岩浆洋事件、地球早期磁场等争议问题之间的关系.

     

Zinccopperite-A New Variety of Zinc-CopperIntermetallic Compounds Discovered in aPorphyry-Copper Deposit

Zinccopperite (tentatively named) is a rare native alloy mineral discovered in quartz monzonite-porphyry in the Xifanping area, Yanyuan County, Sichuan Province. It is a new variety of zinc-copper alloy mineral found for the first time in the porphyry-copper deposit in China. Its intergrown minerals are K-feldspar (mainly perthite), albite-oligoclase, quartz and biotite; and the associated minerals include pyrite and chalcopyrite. It is characterized by a golden reflection colour, being isotropic (isometric), with the grain size ranging from 10 to 50 μm, microhardness VHN10= 190 kg/mm2, and reflectance RVis= 67.97%. Electron microprobe (Model JXA-733) analysis shows Cu = 59.15%-62.55% and Zn= 36.32%-39.85%. The crystallochemical formula is Cu6.27-7.0Zn4.0, simplified as Cu7Zn4.     

镁-锌合金成分的容量法测定

通过控制不同的pH值,采用EDTA容量法测定了镁-锌合金成分。结合标准加入法,对合金样品进行了测定,实验结果证实测定方法准确可靠。     

高可靠性铝合金钻杆及其在超深井和水平井中的应用

在我国颁布铝合金钻杆国家标准的前提下,归纳了铝合金钻杆用于超深井和水平井钻井的众多优点;分析了新标准铝合金钻杆与钢接头的连接方式:梯形丝扣连接、设置内支撑端面和锥形配合面、通过高温装配工艺实现过盈配合;介绍了在超深井和水平井中应用高可靠性铝合金钻杆可显著减少大钩载荷、转盘扭矩和泵压损失以及提高钻杆强度储备的效果。     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法快速测定钼铁合金中的钼

用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定钼铁中的钼,优化了仪器操作条件,克服了常规重量法测定钼铁中钼步骤繁琐、耗时长、工作量大的不足。方法简便易行,快速准确,分析误差在化学分析允许的误差范围内,能替代原有的化学分析方法,基本满足生产和科研的要求。