内蒙古自治区锡林浩特市毛登锡锌矿地质特征

毛登锡锌矿位于内蒙古兴安岭晚古生代-中生代铜、铅、锌、金、银、锡、铬(钼)成矿区大兴安岭中南部成矿带,哲斯-乌兰浩特成矿亚带之黄岗梁-甘珠尔庙-突泉-乌兰浩特铁、锡、钨多金属成矿带上,区域成矿地质条件好。在对该矿床开展详查工作的基础上,分析了矿床地质特征,指出矿区发育有利于多金属成矿的地层、构造和岩浆岩条件,分析了矿床成因,提出了找矿标志,对该区远景找矿具有一定的指导意义。     

我国典型季风海洋性冰川区雪坑中主要阴、阳离子的来源

运用海盐示踪法、相关分析、趋势分析等方法,对我国两处典型季风海洋性冰川(海 螺沟1 号冰川和白水1 号冰川) 积累区雪坑主要化学离子来源进行了综合分析,结果表明： 两冰川区除Na⁺ 是海洋源外,其他离子主要是非海洋源;Cl^-、NO₃ ^-、SO₄ ^2- 、K⁺、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺ 非 海洋源所占的比重,在海螺沟1 号冰川依次为52%、99%、100%、98%、99.9%、83%,白水 1 号冰川依次为68%、99%、100%、98%、99%、59%;分析认为,海螺沟1 号冰川离子的非 海洋源主要是大气环流远源物质和高原面物质输入,而白水1 号冰川除上述来源外,冰川区 近源物质输入对离子浓度贡献很大。两冰川区各离子具体来源存在较大的差异性并且阴、阳 离子来源的共源性较低,其主要原因是：(1) 冰川区内局地环境的差异,比如岩性、山谷风系 统、地形地貌等;(2) 两冰川区离子淋溶作用强度的差异,分析认为,海螺沟1 号冰川离子淋 溶作用较强;(3) 不同离子的来源方式、沉降方式、自身化学特征以及沉积后过程不同所致。     

4种重金属离子对海洋三角褐指藻生长影响的研究

于１９９３年４月－１９９３年５月以Ｚｎ＾２＋，Ｃｄ＾２＋，Ｐｂ＾２＋，Ｃｕ＾２＋不同浓度的海水对三角褐指藻进行生长影响的研究。实验表明，Ｃｕ＾２＋对三角褐指藻生长的毒性最大，其９６ｈＥＣ５０为０．０１７ｍｇ／Ｌ。Ｐｂ＾２＋的毒性最小，其９６ｈＥＣ５０为０．４６８ｍｇ／Ｌ。４种重金属离子的毒性顺序是Ｃｕ＾２＋＞Ｃｄ＾２＋＞Ｚｎ＾２＋＞Ｐｂ＾２＋，除Ｃｄ＾２＋外，其他３种金属离子对该单细胞藻的生长安全     

固定化海藻吸附金属离子的影响因素

研究了固定化海带吸附含铜、镉溶液过程的影响因素,结果表明,在pH为3.0~5.0时对Cu2+保持高的吸附率,在pH为4.0时对Cd2+的吸附率达到最大.随着Cu2+,Cd2+金属离子初始浓度的降低,吸附率有所降低.对Cd2+的吸附率均随着温度的升高而变大.随着吸附剂浓度的增大,对Cu2+,Cd2+的吸附率逐渐升高,与此相反,对Cu2+,Cd2+的吸附量则逐渐减小.粒径对Cu2+的吸附率影响较小,对Cd2+的吸附率有较明显的变化.     

热液中铅、锌、银共生分异的热力学探讨

通过元素基本性质的对比以及热力学计算分析,探讨了热液中银、铅、锌的共生分异机制。在酸性至近中性条件下,氯配合物是它们在热液中的存在形式,其中锌氯配合物最稳定;在近中性到碱性条件下,硫氢配合物占主导地位,此时,银硫氢配合物相对最稳定。温度下降、[Cr]降低、pH升高及f(O2)降低,引起银、铅、锌配合物溶解度减小,发生沉淀分离;对于硫氢配合物,其稳定性主要受pH及还原硫浓度的影响。因此,配合物的不同存在形式以及配合物稳定性之间的差异,使得它们对热液条件的改变做出不同的响应,从而导致了热液中银、铅、锌在成矿过程中的共生分异。     

The mechanisms of paragenesis and separation of silver, lead and zinc in hydrothermal solutions

On the basis of an experimental study and thermodynamic calculation, the mechanisms of paragenesis and separation of silver, lead and zinc in the hydrothermal system have been studied. At acidic to nearly neutral pH, their chloride complexes are stable, and among them the chloride complexes of zinc are most stable. And the sulfide complexes are the dominant species at nearly neutral to alkaline pH,while the sulfide complexes of silver are most stable. With decreasing temperature, [ Cl^-] ,fO2, and increasing pH, the solubilities of silver, lead and zinc will decrease, leading to their deposition and separation. For sulfide complexes, the concentrations of reduced sulfur and pH are two important factors affecting their stabilities. Complexes of different forms and stabilities respond to the variation of conditions to different extents, which gave rise to the paragenesis and separation of silver, lead and zinc in the whole ore-forming process of dissolution, transport and deposition.     

湘南稀土矿床的放射性特征及其对开采的影响

湘南主要稀土矿区的岩、矿石和稀土矿物的放射性特征表明，矿区放射性强度的高低与稀土总量无关，而与矿石的铀、钍含量密切相关；主要矿区的放射性对其开发与产品都没有影响，但长期接触对人体有一定危害。因此，开采时必须加强防护，防止放射性的长期照射，并选用无放射性的清洁饮用水，以保护人体健康。     

塔西南缘铅锌矿带典型矿床的矿石组构特征

通过对位于西昆仑北带奥依塔格-库尔良晚古生代(弧后)裂陷盆地塔西南缘铅锌矿带典型矿床矿石结构构造特征进行研究,总结出该矿带各个矿床(点)之间具有相同或相似的矿物共生组合(黄铁矿-方铅矿-闪锌矿-黄铜矿)以及相似的组构特征。主要结构包括草莓状结构、骸晶结构、自形晶结构、固溶体分离结构、交代结构及揉皱结构等;构造包括浸染状构造、流动构造、条带状构造、脉状构造及角砾状构造等,这些组构特征的共性表明成矿作用均具有多期多阶段的特征,并指示出热水沉积成矿兼有后期热液改造的结构构造特征。结合野外地质特征,该区铅锌矿床形成经历了同生沉积与后期改造过程。     

Cu–Fe Bearing Zinc Sulfide from Laloki Stratabound Massive Sulfide Deposit, Papua New Guinea: Chemical Characterization

Abstract: A strange, unidentified, Cu-Fe bearing zinc sulfide occurs in the Laloki massive sulfide deposit, Papua New Guinea. The mineral is optically uniform in texture but is chemically variable and zoned even within a single grain. Copper contents vary from 0.1 up to 8.85 wt%. Iron reaches 18.31 wt% at maximum and decreases as Cu increases. It is remarkable, however, that the total Fe+Cu remains essentially unchanged between roughly 18 and 20 wt%. Zn and S are least variable, giving 45.85–47.84 wt% and 33.48–34.58 wt%, respectively. Other trace elements such as Cd and Mn are in general less than 0.2 wt%. It is strongly suggested that the mineral in question constitutes a unique Fe-Cu substitutional solid solution series belonging essentially to the Zn–Fe–Cu–S system.
The ideal chemical formula of the solid solution series can well be presented as Zn₁₀(Fe, Cu)₅S₁₅ or Zn₂(Fe, Cu)S₃, where Fe is always greater than Cu. It is intriguing that chalcopyrite blebs are recognizable restrictively only in nearby portions of the Cu-rich end member with the ideal composition close to Zn₁₀Fe₃Cu₂S_15. It has been confirmed by vacuum-sealed heating experiments that this mineral is decomposed to produce chalcopyrite and Fe-bearing normal sphalerite at temperatures below 200C. This would provide another evidence for the existence of such distinct phase as suggested here.     

实验研究不同盐离子对水分子拉曼效应的影响

对流体包裹体中常见的几种盐水溶液进行了拉曼光谱分析.采用了频移参数描述水分子拉曼峰的形变强度,并讨论了频移参数与盐度之间的关系.实验分析结果表明,盐度越大,频移参数越大,水分子拉曼峰形变越大.对频移参数曲线斜率分析显示,盐类对水分子拉曼峰偏移程度影响的强弱顺序为NaCl＞Na2SO4＞NaHCO3＞Na2CO3.讨论了不同阳离子和阴离子对水伸缩振动拉曼峰的影响,结果表明,高价阳离子的影响明显高于低价阳离子;而阴离子对水拉曼峰影响的强弱顺序初步确定为Cl-≈SO2-4-＞HCO-3＞CO2-3≈NO-3.