一类退化秩为零的二阶非线性椭圆型方程的Dirichlet边值问题

主要讨论退化秩为零的二阶非线性椭圆型方程的Ｄｉｒｉｃｈｌｅｔ边值问题,给出了解适定的充分条件。     

Implications of dissected drift at Stockdale Head,western Lake District,northern England

From mapping and consideration of prominent drift ridges at Stockdale Head, western Lake District, northern England it is inferred that the ridges are the products of dissection of a glacigenic or soliflual drift sheet rather than landforms constructed at the margins of a Loch Lomond Stade (LLS) valley‐head glacier. This proposal has implications for the recognition of LLS glacier limits and, possibly, understanding the dearth of moraine ridges associated with Dimlington ice in Lake District valleys. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

关于黄河治理若干问题的刍议

黄河是我国第二大河,是中华文明的重要发祥地。黄河流域生态环境脆弱,存在严重的干旱、洪捞和水土流失等多种地质灾害。尤其是近二十多年来黄河下游断流日趋严重,引起各方关注。正确分析黄河下游断流的原因及缓解黄河断流的对策,尤其从地质作用角度正确认识黄河的水资源和泥沙问题,为黄河综合治理决策提供科学依据。     

The econometric estimation and testing of DARP models

DARP, acronym for Drift Analysis of Regression Parameters, originated as a heuristic technique for the investigation of parametric drift in any arbitrary `expansion space', geographic or otherwise. DARP was intended as an exploratory tool useful to aid with the formal specification of parametric drift. In this paper, the DARP technique is reformulated in terms of `DARP models', and the estimation and testing of these models by GLS, FGLS, and ML are discussed. The ML estimation of a spatial DARP model is demonstrated using empirical data. Received: 4 March 1998/Accepted: 23 December 1998     

Towards probabilistic seismic performance of vehicle-bridge interaction systems: From stochastic dynamic model to fragility analysis

This paper aims to assess the seismic fragility of vehicle-bridge-interaction (VBI) systems considering the effects of vehicle types, traffic conditions, and road surface qualities. A stochastic nonlinear mechanical model for the earthquake-VBI system is developed, and the fragility functions for the proposed VBI model are derived by considering the relevant probabilistic seismic demand parameters. On the basis of a typical four-span continuous prestressed concrete highway bridge in China, a complete numerical model for the VBI system is built considering multiple uncertainties from bridge and vehicle parameters, as well as the road surface qualities. A total of 120 real ground motion records with different combinations of magnitude-source-to-site distance (M-R) and earthquake intensity characteristics are selected. Meanwhile, 80 scenarios in terms of different combinations of vehicle types, vehicle speeds, and road surface irregularities are defined. In this context, 96,000 nonlinear time-history analyses are performed, and the developed fragility models are applied to the VBI system at both component and system levels. Results indicate that the fragilities of pier drift, bearing shear strain, and the overall VBI system increase with the increase of the vehicle weight or the decrease of the vehicle speed, while the vertical deck displacement is dominated by the vehicle weight. It is also found that the road surface quality has a negligible effect on both component and system fragilities.     

ARGO剖面浮标电导率传感器漂移问题探讨

ARGO剖面浮标在海上长期工作,其携带的电导率传感器漂移会导致测量数据误差,从而影响观测资料的质量。文章利用误差理论和回归分析、曲线拟合等数理统计方法,检测和处理由ARGO剖面浮标电导率传感器漂移所带来的测量误差,并对太平洋、大西洋和印度洋上已经发现有电导率传感器漂移的ARGO资料进行了校正,取得了比较理想的结果。     

Estimation of seismic drift demands for frame structures

A process is outlined and evaluated for the estimation of seismic roof and storey drift demands for frame structures from the spectral displacement demand at the first mode period of the structure. The spectral displacement demand is related to the roof drift demand for the multi‐degree‐of‐freedom (MDOF) structure using three modification factors, accounting for MDOF effects, inelasticity effects, and P‐delta effects. Median values and measures of dispersion for the factors are obtained from elastic and inelastic time history analyses of nine steel moment resisting frame structures subjected to sets of ground motions representative of different hazard levels. The roof drift demand is related to the storey drift demands, with the results being strongly dependent on the number of stories and the ground motion characteristics. The relationships proposed in this paper should prove useful in the conceptual design phase, in estimating deformation demands for performance assessment, and in improving basic understanding of seismic behaviour. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

大同地震监测中心站GM4-XL磁通门磁力仪观测数据漂移分析

大同地震监测中心站配备2套GM4-XL磁通门磁力仪进行地磁观测,探头置于同一地下地磁房。自2017年以来,2套仪器每年夏秋季均存在不同程度的数据漂移现象。从数据连续率、完整率及台站背景噪声、数据预处理等角度,对2017年以来观测数据进行质量评价。通过与山西省其他台站地磁数据进行差值检测,结合地磁房附近地质条件、地下地磁室及观测墩建设、降雨等因素,分析认为,大同地震监测中心站地磁观测数据漂移的原因在于,夏秋季降雨致土层渗水,玻璃钢罩密封性较差,探头室地面积水,造成观测墩基不稳,使得置于观测墩上的仪器探头水平状态改变,进而引起观测数据发生漂移。     

The westward drift of the lithosphere: A tidal ratchet?

Is the westerly rotation of the lithosphere an ephemeral accidental recent phenomenon or is it a stable process of Earth's geodynamics? The reason why the tidal drag has been questioned as the mechanism determining the lithospheric shift relative to the underlying mantle is the apparent too high viscosity of the asthenosphere. However, plate boundaries asymmetries are a robust indication of the ‘westerly’ decoupling of the entire Earth's outer lithospheric shell and new studies support lower viscosities in the low-velocity layer (LVZ) atop the asthenosphere. Since the solid Earth tide oscillation is longer in one side relative to the other due to the contemporaneous Moon's revolution, we demonstrate that a non-linear rheological behavior is expected in the lithosphere mantle interplay. This may provide a sort of ratchet favoring lowering of the LVZ viscosity under shear, allowing decoupling in the LVZ and triggering the westerly motion of the lithosphere relative to the mantle.     

高分辨率电子倾角传感器HRTM的倾角漂移和固有频率研究

电子倾角传感器普遍存在倾角漂移和输出数据跳变的现象,检测倾角传感器的倾角漂移规律和数据跳变的固有频率可以有效改善倾角传感器的数据质量。基于高分辨率电子倾角传感器HRTM（very high resolution tiltmeter）的工作原理,分析影响倾角传感器倾角漂移的因素,设计检验倾角传感器输出数据固有频率的实验平台,提出基于傅里叶变换的固有频率检测方法。基于地下室恒温环境下采集的10 h数据进行实验,结果表明,该传感器的倾角输出数据存在明显的倾角漂移和输出数据跳变现象,倾角漂移与仪器内部温度高度线性相关,x轴、y轴跳变的固有频率分别为2.773 Hz和2.813 Hz。