塔北油区岩石声发射全过程曲线类型及特征

本文讨论了岩石试样在加载全过程中的声发射特征、不同岩石声发射全过程曲线的分类以及类型的确定方法;对新疆塔里木盆地北部油区井下和地表试样进行了统计、分类,确定出该油区泥岩、砂岩声发射全过程曲线存在Ⅰ、Ⅲ两种类型;白云岩、灰岩、玄武岩声发射全过程曲线具有Ⅰ型特征。      

黄河三角洲粉质土海床临界起动切应力影响因素研究

在黄河口潮滩和室内环形土槽模拟新沉积的海床土体,观测固结过程中沉积物临界起动切应力的变化及对应的土体重度、含水率、贯入阻力、剪切强度指标值的变化,分析黄河三角洲粉质类土临界起动切应力的影响因素与变化规律。研究发现：黄河三角洲粉土的临界起动切应力与重度、贯入阻力和抗剪强度之间呈正相关关系,而与含水率呈负相关关系,并且与干密度、抗剪强度之间具有非常好的定量关系。将黄河三角洲粉土临界侵蚀切应力的试验结果与其他学者建立的计算公式进行了比较,发现在固结开始试验与计算结果间的吻合性较好,随着固结时间差异性变大,表现出黄河口粉质土的独特性。     

济宁地区水稻生产与气象因子关系分析

利用济宁市３１年的水稻产量和气象资料，分析了水稻生产的不同气候年型、产量与气象因子的关系，找出了影响产量变异的着急时期和主导气象因子及其时间变化规律，并探讨了相应的对策措施。     

A workflow for Sustainable Development Goals indicators assessment based on high-resolution satellite data

ABSTRACT

For evaluating the progresses towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a global indicator framework was developed by the UN Inter-Agency and Expert Group on Sustainable Development Goals Indicators. In this paper, we propose an improved methodology and a set of workflows for calculating SDGs indicators. The main improvements consist of using moderate and high spatial resolution satellite data and state-of-the-art deep learning methodology for land cover classification and for assessing land productivity. Within the European Network for Observing our Changing Planet (ERA-PLANET), three SDGs indicators are calculated. In this research, harmonized Landsat and Sentinel-2 data are analyzed and used for land productivity analysis and yield assessment, as well as Landsat 8, Sentinel-2 and Sentinel-1 time series are utilized for crop mapping. We calculate for the whole territory of Ukraine SDG indicators: 15.1.1 – ‘Forest area as proportion of total land area’; 15.3.1 – ‘Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area’; and 2.4.1 – ‘Proportion of agricultural area under productive and sustainable agriculture’. Workflows for calculating these indicators were implemented in a Virtual Laboratory Platform. We conclude that newly available high-resolution remote sensing products can significantly improve our capacity to assess several SDGs indicators through dedicated workflows.     

2-D viscoelastic FEM simulation on stress state in the deep part of a subducted slab

Introduction It is found that there are some relationships between the thermal structures of subduction zones and the deep seismicity, while the mechanism relates the thermal structure and the deep seismicity is still unsure (Helffrich, Brodholt, 1991; Furukawa, 1994; Kirby, et al, 1996). From 1980s, geoscientists have constituted a series of numerical simulations on the stress states of subduction slabs. Based on the kinetic computation of Sung and Burns (1976a, b), Goto, et al (1983, 1987…     

2018年9月8日墨江地震及周边地区构造应力场特征分析

2018年9月8日,云南省墨江县发生M_S5.9地震并伴随一系列余震,探究该地震周围的应力场对于理解该地震的发生机制和后续地震的发展趋势具有着重要的参考意义.本研究收集了震源及其邻区中前人研究和Global CMT所给出的震源机制资料,对该地区进行了构造应力场反演,并同时利用反演得到的应力张量模拟墨江地区的震源机制解表现.结果表明：①在应力轴整体分布上,自西向东σ₁轴（压轴）从NNE-SSW向逐渐转向NNW-SSE向,σ₃轴（张轴）从WWN-EES向逐渐转向WWS-EEN向,张轴呈弧形分布,压轴呈放射状分布.②在应力轴倾伏角上,研究区域内的压应力轴和张应力轴倾伏角都比较小,即两轴均接近水平.③R值分布大体是在东南部相较于西北部大,结合当地地质背景分析得到,物质逃逸自西北向东南呈逐渐变缓的趋势.④利用反演得到的应力张量和应力状态计算墨江地震震源区的相对剪应力和相对正应力大小.由此推测,墨江地震恰好发生在相对剪切应力值和相对正应力正值最大的节面上.从而可以确定墨江地震的发震节面的基本参数：走向216.32°,倾角86.91°,滑动角0.27°,相对剪应力值0.9,相对正应力值0.3.本研究为此次墨江地震的发震背景和地震动力学研究提供了基础性资料.

     

新疆南天山环境应力场特征

基于新疆强震固定台和流动观测记录的主要和余震加速度资料，选用了三个分向记录都完整的３７次地震。震级范围为１．８－６．８级，震中距为几至几十公里。根据用位错理论二维断裂力学模式推导的震源峰值、加速度与环境剪应力场关系式计算了新疆南天山环境剪应力值。计算结果表明，新疆南天山环境应力平均值偏高，这与新疆处于特殊构造环境条件有关。     

应用GPS观测青藏高原东北缘应力场变化

采用各向同性弹性地球模型推导了地面位移场速率与地壳内任意点应力场变化的边界积分关系,同时利用青藏高原东北缘1999～2001年观测的GPS资料对观测区地壳深度为5 km和25 km的主应力和最大剪应力进行了计算分析.结果表明,青藏高原东北缘的主应力变化主要集中在祁连山断裂、海原断裂等,在1920～1954年间历史上发生过多次震级为7.0～8.5级强震的断裂附近,并具有主应力变化沿断层走向分布、最大剪应力沿断层走向交替变化等特征.     

Spatial Distribution Assessment and Source Apportionment of Land-Based Pollutant Yield from Qingdao,China

The spatial distribution of chemical oxygen demand(COD) and total nitrogen(TN) yield from Qingdao are studied by comparing pollutant yield amount, densities and spatial aggregation(Getis-Ord indexes) among the land-based pollutant source regions(PSRs) entering the three sub-seas(i.e. the Jiaozhou Bay(JZB), other coastal area in the Yellow Sea(OCAYS) and Laizhou Bay(LZB), respectively). Industrial composition of the loads are also studied by comparing pollutant yield among the sources of agriculture, rural domesticity, industry, urban domesticity and service, and calculation of Gini coefficient. Results show that spatial distribution of COD and TN yield from Qingdao are extremely unbalanced. The JZB, with less than 3% of the total coastal sea area of Qingdao, received 62% COD load and 65% TN yield from Qingdao, while the OCAYS, with more than 97% area, only received 23% COD and 20% TN, which consist with the much worsen water quality of JZB than that of OCAYS. On the other hand, the source apportionment of COD and TN loads in the PSRs entering JZB and the OCAYS was similar. The agricultural and domestic sources with high pollution intensity account for more than 80%, while the industrial and service sources with low pollution intensity account for less than 20%. While Gini coefficients, COD 0.81 and TN 0.84 which are much higher than the ‘imbalance' threshold of 0.4, show the uneven industrial structure of Qingdao. These results may be useful in the determination of land-based pollution total amount control at the PSR level.