Hydrochemical characteristics of salt marsh wetlands in western Songnen Plain

According to classification system of wetland in Ramsar Convention, salt marsh belongs to inland salt lake formed by regional hydrogeologic and climatic conditions[1]. In western Songnen Plain, the most distinct characteristic of water environment in salt marsh wetlands is that many water bodies have high salt contents and pH values, so salt marsh wetlands are categorized as a special natural synthesis[2]. 1 Natural environment in western Songnen PlainThe Songnen Plain lies to the east of …     

Effect of spatial pattern on nutrient reduction in the Liaohe Delta

Landscape pattern analysis has been a major topic in landscape ecology[1-4]. Many quantitative methods have also been designed to describe the pattern, in order to get an overall idea of how the landscape is structured, and what is the effect of different patterns on large scale ecological processes[5-11]. So far this kind of research has mainly focused on habitat analysis, or site selection of wild animals, in the scope of nature conservation[12-13]. But few pattern analyses have been made on…     

A COMPREHENSIVE MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR COASTAL LOUISIANA

１Ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌｓｅｔｉｎｇ１．１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｃｏａｓｔａｌｗｅｔｌａｎｄｓａｎｄｅｓｔｕａｒｉｅｓｏｆＬｏｕｉｓｉａｎａａｒｅｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｗｏｒｌｄ＇ｓｇｒｅａｔｅｃｏｓｙｓ－ｔｅｍｓ［１］．Ｆｏｒｍｉｌｅｎｎｉａ...     

不同淹水深度对香蒲生长状况、水质及底泥理化性质的影响

为了研究湿地香蒲种群对不同水深环境的生态响应规律和特征，分别于2018-06-30，2018-07-30，2018-08-29，2018-09-28进行野外采样，通过调查和室内化学分析，探讨了7个不同淹水深度下香蒲种群生长指标、水质因子和底泥因子的变化情况。结果表明：在不同淹水深度下，香蒲的生长指标差异显著，当淹水深度为50 cm时，香蒲的生长状态最优；4个采样日石佛寺水库水样大体呈弱碱性，底泥类型为中性偏酸性；随着淹水深度的增加，水样中的溶解氧（DO）、硝态氮（NO₃^-）和亚硝态氮（NO₂^-）质量浓度逐渐减小，总氮（TN）和氨氮（NH₄⁺）质量浓度增大，底泥中氨氮（NH₄⁺）和有机碳（SOC）质量分数总体增大，总氮（TN）、硝态氮（NO₃^-）和亚硝态氮（NO₂^-）质量分数逐渐减小，电导率总体逐渐降低，总磷（TP）和速效磷（AP）的质量分数基本呈波动状态。底泥和水体中氮元素的含有量对香蒲的生长影响较大。     

三江平原不同土地利用方式下湿地土壤CO2通量研究

利用暗箱-气相色谱法,同步测量了三江平原几种主要生态类型湿地土壤原始的小叶章草甸白浆土、毛果苔草泥炭沼泽土、已垦旱作草甸白浆土和人工水田草甸白浆土,进行CO2排放通量的对比研究.结果表明不同土地利用方式下,旱作草甸白浆土土壤CO2排放通量最大,平均值为775.38mg/(m2@h);小叶章草甸白浆土土壤次之,平均值为439.02mg/(m2@h);人工水稻田草甸白浆土土壤CO2通量最小,平均值为128.96mg/(m2@h);毛果苔草泥炭沼泽土土壤CO2排放通量介于小叶章草甸白浆土土壤和水稻田草甸白浆土土壤之间,平均值为247.08mg/(m2@h).湿地开垦为旱田,使湿地"碳汇"功能减弱或丧失,变成"碳源";湿地开垦为水田,是比较合理的湿地农业利用方式.     

湿地功能评价研究进展

湿地功能评价是湿地研究的核心内容之一，也是开展湿地管理工作的重要工具。美国湿地功能评价的代表性方法有生境评估规程、湿地评价技术和水文地貌评价法等。欧盟于1990年以来开发的湿地功能评价技术吸收了美国水文地貌评价法的部分做法，但更适应欧洲湿地的具体情况。有关国际机构主要从理论上对湿地功能评价方法进行了研究。我国湿地功能评价研究还很薄弱，不能适应快速发展的湿地管理需要，急需加强这方面工作。     

EFFICIENCY OF NITROGEN REMOVAL IN CONSTRUCTED WETLAND：A SIMULATION STUDY IN THE WEST JINLIN, CHINA

Plenty of inorganic nitrogen in wastewater can cause the eutrophication in water bodies, so it is an important task to remove nitrogen. Purification role was realized by absorption, filtration, depositon, evaporation, nitrification and denitrification of microbes. Although the studies of Phragmites austrilis bed in the constructed wetland are popular, the purification performances of constructed wetland filled by saline-alkali soil substrate are less reported. In the paper, the purification efficiency of nitrogen with Phragmites austrilis bed in the constructed wetland filled by saline-alkali soil substrate was discussed through a simulation study. Results to date indicated that the first order plug flow model was adequate to describe the nitrogen removal. The experiment showed that the diminishing concentration of TN, NO2-N, NO3-N, NH4-N were closely related to hydrological retention time (HRT), the correlation coefficient was R^2 = 0.98499, R^2 = 0.9911, R^2 = 0.89407 and R^2 = 0.95459, respectively. According to the data, the most suitable hydrological retention time (HRT) for this kind of constructed wetland should be determined to 4 days. In addition, the experiment showed the purification efficiency of nitrogen has very broad range and drastic vibration, TN( 17 % - 79 % ), NO2-N (33%-98% ), NO3-N (13%-93% ), NH4-N (28%-64% ). The study will promote wetland‘s design and operation procedures in large saline-alkallne soil areas.     

南充市人工湿地的规划研究

通过对传统污水处理的生化二级处理系统与人工湿地污水处理系统分析和比较，可以看出污水处理厂具有投资大、运行成本费高、并难以解决水质“富营养化”的缺点，而人工湿地污水处理系统具有投资少、运行成本低、出水质量好的优点。根据南充城市化进程的具体形势，提出在规划和建设生态城市方案中，建设人工湿地污水处理系统的设想，并就人工湿地的规模、区位选择、活水公园设计、预期效益分析等问题进行了详细的论证和阐述。     

图们江流域敬信湿地生物多样性及其保护对策

敬信湿地位于图们江流域下游,中、俄、朝3国交界处,是吉林省主要湿地之一,鱼类资源丰富,植物群丛多样,重点保护鸟类众多。目前,由于围垦、生物资源过度利用、城市化等不合理的人类活动,敬信湿地生物多样性面临诸多方面的压力和威胁。通过分析敬信湿地生物多样性的现状及其所面临的主要威胁,提出敬信湿地生物多样性保护和可持续利用的主要对策,以期为敬信湿地生物多样性保护和图们江地区湿地保护与合理利用提供依据。     

国内外湿地保护与利用案例分析及其对镜湖国家湿地公园生态旅游的启示

湿地作为一种特殊的生态系统,具有无可替代的重要价值。湿地的保护与合理利用日益受到国际社会的重视。湿地保护开展较早的国家和地区的通常做法是:选择国际上具有重要意义的不同类型的湿地建立保护区或湿地公园,通过制定和实施科学有效的保护管理措施,建成具有指导性的样板。同时选择一些有代表性的湿地作为合理利用湿地环境和水禽资源的示范点,借鉴示范点的经验和做法,指导其它湿地的保护管理、合理利用和科研教育等方面的工作,使整个国家的湿地生态系统朝着良性循环的方向发展。在中国,湿地公园作为新生事物,把湿地恢复、保护和合理利用有效地结合起来,已经受到了人们广泛赞誉。湿地公园的发展,为湿地保护注入了新的活力,也必将推动湿地整体保护事业的更好发展。通过分析浙江绍兴镜湖城市湿地公园开展生态旅游的巨大潜力,并结合国内外湿地保护与合理利用的经验,提出了镜湖城市湿地公园开展生态旅游的几点建议。