Distribution characteristics of delta reservoirs reshaped by bottom currents: A case study from the second member of the Yinggehai Formation in the DF1-1 gas field,Yinggehai Basin,South China Sea

The Dongfang1-1 gas field (DF1-1) in the Yinggehai Basin is currently the largest offshore self-developed gas field in China and is rich in oil and gas resources. The second member of the Pliocene Yinggehai Formation (YGHF) is the main gas-producing formation and is composed of various sedimentary types; however, a clear understanding of the sedimentary types and development patterns is lacking. Here, typical lithofacies, logging facies and seismic facies types and characteristics of the YGHF are identified based on high-precision 3D seismic data combined with drilling, logging, analysis and testing data. Based on 3D seismic interpretation and attribute analysis, the origin of high-amplitude reflections is clarified, and the main types and evolution characteristics of sedimentary facies are identified. Taking gas formation upper II (IIU) as an example, the plane distribution of the delta front and bottom current channel is determined; finally, a comprehensive sedimentary model of the YGHF second member is established. This second member is a shallowly buried “bright spot” gas reservoir with weak compaction. The velocity of sandstone is slightly lower than that of mudstone, and the reflection has medium amplitude when there is no gas. The velocity of sandstone decreases considerably after gas accumulation, resulting in an increase in the wave impedance difference and high-amplitude (bright spot) reflection between sandstone and mudstone; the range of high amplitudes is consistent with that of gas-bearing traps. The distribution of gas reservoirs is obviously controlled by dome-shaped diapir structural traps, and diapir faults are channels through which natural gas from underlying Miocene source rocks can enter traps. The study area is a delta front deposit developed on a shallow sea shelf. The lithologies of the reservoir are mainly composed of very fine sand and coarse silt, and a variety of sedimentary structural types reflect a shallow sea delta environment; upward thickening funnel type, strong toothed bell type and toothed funnel type logging facies are developed. In total, 4 stages of delta front sand bodies (corresponding to progradational reflection seismic facies) derived from the Red River and Blue River in Vietnam have developed in the second member of the YGHF; these sand bodies are dated to 1.5 Ma and correspond to four gas formations. During sedimentation, many bottom current channels (corresponding to channel fill seismic facies) formed, which interacted with the superposed progradational reflections. When the provenance supply was strong in the northwest, the area was dominated by a large set of delta front deposits. In the period of relative sea level rise, surface bottom currents parallel to the coastline were dominant, and undercutting erosion was obvious, forming multistage superimposed erosion troughs. Three large bottom current channels that developed in the late sedimentary period of gas formation IIU are the most typical.     

华北地区跨断层流动形变监测场地优化初探

首先分析了华北地区跨断层流动形变监测场地布测现状及监测效能,继而依据跨断层流动形变测量规范及监测的可控性、均匀性、目的性以及监测场地监测效能等,结合该区域断裂活动及地震活动性研究结果,给出华北地区跨断层流动形变监测场地拟优化布设结果。该优化布设结果消除了华北地区跨断层流动形变网监测地震活动盲区,有助于提高该区跨断层流动形变网监测地震活动能力。     

北祁连西段牛毛泉东金矿地质特征、成矿时代及成因分析

牛毛泉东金矿位于北祁连造山带与阿尔金断裂的结合部位,该地区被誉为西北的"金三角"。牛毛泉东金矿为该地区近年来新发现的受脆韧性剪切带控制的金矿床,金矿体产于阴沟群安山质凝灰岩、安山质凝灰熔岩中的近东西向脆韧性剪切蚀变带,矿化受构造控制显著,成矿具有多阶段性,金主要形成于硫化物-石英-金矿化阶段。矿脉两侧热液蚀变强烈,与成矿有关的蚀变主要为硅化。通过石英流体包裹体测得金矿石中流体包裹体的均一温度112～191℃;成矿流体盐度0.35%～7.86%,平均4.77%;密度为0.92～0.96 g/cm^3,平均0.95 g/cm^3,显示成矿流体具有浅层低温热液特征。对黄铁绢英岩型矿石中绢云母⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar测年获得坪年龄为(296.7±2.8) Ma,对应于北祁连陆内伸展拉张构造演化过程。矿床的地质特征及成矿时代与邻近的寒山金矿类似,并受同一条韧性脆性断裂构造带控制,均为低硫浅成低温热液型金矿,主成矿时代为华力西晚期。牛毛泉东金矿的发现及成因研究对指导区域找矿方向具有重要的意义。     

中国大陆强震活动时空特征分析

本文在以往研究的基础上分析中国大陆强震活动的时空特征, 以中国大陆1901年以来7级及其以上强震年频次为样本, 采用最优分割将中国大陆地震活动状态分为三种时段: 少发段、 平均段和频发段。 中国大陆强震时间活动呈现非稳态现象, 强震频发段间存在短期的地震平静, 由强震平均段到频发段过渡期间同样存在强震少发段, 而少发段也有7级以上强震发生。 以此为基础结合中国大陆活动地块边界带, 研究不同强震丛发时段前地震活动的空间分布特点以及强震丛发时段的主体活动地区。 研究结果表明, 1901年以来中国大陆强震活动总体来讲, 1955年前后表现出不同的空间特征: 1955年之前强震活动主体区域为中国西部及周边大三角地区的三条边界; 1955年之后强震活动主体区域为华北地区、 巴颜喀拉地块区及南北地震带南段地区。 不同相邻强震丛发时段的主体活动地区有一定的交替性, 少发时段或增多时段的强震往往是上一个丛发时段的主体区内强震活动的延续, 或者发生在下一个强震主体活动区内或周边地区。     

厄尔尼诺现象与黄、东海,对马海域马面渔获量关系─—长江口及其邻近海区ENSO渔场学问题之三

对黄,东海及其邻近海域马面历年（1974—1986年）渔获量变化与Elnino现象关系并结合捕捞强度进行一些初步分析,总结出渔获量变化规律,为合理开发渔业资源提供有用信息。     

对冀北-辽西-大兴安岭地区晚中生代地层划分、对比的区域构造学思考

根据冀北-辽西-大兴安岭地区晚中生代具有相关沉积建造组合、火山-沉积建造组合、生物组合和构造类型组合特征,提出建立与造山运动"同期"的构造地层单位概念.认为这种构造地层单位的概念有利于以区域构造演化为主线,理解"同造山期"陆缘活化区陆相沉积以及火山-沉积盆地地层系统的复杂性,并从区域构造学角度提出该地区地层划分、对比的方案.     

基于水位波动关联度的济南西部与济南泉群地下水关系研究

济南市以"泉城"闻名,近年来城市化进程的加快及地下水开采量的增大,对济南市区泉群喷涌产生了一定程度的影响。对2014～2017年济南西部玉符河下游的杜家庙、南八里、朱家庄等地及市区泉群的趵突泉、黑虎泉的岩溶水位波动规律进行分析,在地下水位波动幅度计算的基础上,利用灰色关联分析方法,从一个新的评价指标"水位波动关联度"的角度探寻济西与济南市区泉群地下水间的联系,为济南市保泉供水提供探索依据。以15d为地下水位均值计算周期,先计算全年的水位波动关联度,再将关联度的计算结果划分为:4～7月、8～11月和12月至次年3月三个时段,分别分析济西各岩溶井水位与泉水位的波动关联度。结果表明,12月至次年3月关联度的计算结果受外界干扰最小,这一时段济西与市区泉群水位波动关联度的均值为0.854,属高关联度,两者地下水位变化规律极其相似,两个地下水系统在统计学上存在着极强的联系。     

黑龙江东部依兰珠山变辉长岩的年代学、地球化学及其构造意义

对黑龙江东部依兰珠山变辉长岩进行了锆石年代学和地球化学研究,以确定其形成时代、成因及构造背景。变辉长岩锆石均呈自形-半自形晶,具典型的条痕状吸收特征和较高的Th/U比值(0.20~0.86),暗示其岩浆成因。LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年结果为(256±3)Ma,表明珠山变辉长岩形成于晚二叠世。地球化学特征显示变辉长岩具有贫硅,富镁、铁、铝、钙的特征;其轻稀土元素(LREEs)和大离子亲石元素(Rb、Ba)富集,重稀土元素(HREEs)和高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf和Ti)亏损。结合区域地质资料,认为珠山变辉长岩为俯冲流体交代地幔楔的产物,其形成可能与古大洋板块的俯冲作用有关,暗示佳木斯地块与松嫩地块在晚二叠世之前尚未碰撞拼合。     

LA-ICP-MS in situ analyses of the pyrites in Dongyang gold deposit,Southeast China: Implications to the gold mineralization

The Dongyang gold deposit is a newly discovered epithermal deposit in Fujian Province, Southeast China, along the Circum-Pacific metallogenic belt. Herewith, the authors present mineralogical, scanning electron microscope, and laser ablation inductively coupled clasma mass spectrometry analysis to reveal the relations between Au and Te, As, S, Fe, etc., and discuss the gold precipitation process. The pyrites in this deposit are Fe-deficient, and are enriched in Te and As. The authors infer that As was mainly in form of As-complexes, and Te-Au-Ag inclusions/solid solution also exsits in the Py I. Along with the depletion of Te and As, they were less active chemically in the Py II, and Au may be incorporated into As-rich and Fe-deficient surface sites by chemisorption onto As-rich growth surfaces. Because of the incorporation of new fluid, Te and As became the most active chemically in the Py III, which was the main elements precipitation stage, and As dominantly substituted for S in the lattice of pyrite, due to the more reducing condition. The authors propose Au was in form of invisible gold, and the incorporation of gold can be considered as post-pyrite event, while the Au-bearing minerals were result of post incorporation of gold in arsenian pyrite.     

利用长周期面波研究华北地区地壳与上地幔结构的横向非均匀性

本文以太行山为界将华北地区分为东西两部分,东部为河淮块体,西部为鄂尔多斯块体.利用最小二乘法,从混合路径基阶瑞利面波群速度频散提取两块体的纯路径频散,并反演其地壳、上地幔的层状结构.所得结表果明,两块体的面波频散和地壳、上地幔结构存在明显差异.东部的河淮块体地壳较薄,地壳内平均速度比西部的鄂尔多斯块体壳内平均速度约低0.13km/s,壳内20km深度左右出现低速层;而西部的块体壳内速度成层递增,未见低速层出现.两块体上地幔顶部速度均偏低,地幔低速层的埋藏深度基本相同.但西部块体地幔低速层厚,且比东部块体地幔低速层的速度约低0.3km/s.